Abstract:

The oily wastewater produced across various sectors poses a grave threat to both the aquatic environment and human health. Concurrently, the extensive application of synthetic polyester fibers has resulted in significant production of waste fibers, leading to substantial environmental pollution that cannot be overlooked. To develop and repurpose waste fiber fabrics, this study employed a simple impregnation technique to effectively deposit polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and nano titanium dioxide (TiO₂) onto the surface of polyester (PET) fiber fabrics, thereby creating hydrophobically modified PET fiber fabrics. These were then utilized for the separation of oil-water mixtures, realizing the objective of using waste to manage waste. This research employed scanning electron microscopy, contact angle measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize the physicochemical properties of hydrophobically modified PET fabrics, and subsequently evaluated their anti-fouling capabilities, chemical durability and oil-water separation performance. The results indicated that modified PDMS and TiO₂ nanoparticles were successfully immobilized onto the surface of PET fiber fabric, achieving a water contact angle of 142°, thereby imparting anti-fouling and self-cleaning properties along with excellent chemical stability. In addition, when the separation was carried out with a mixture of chloroform and water with a volume ratio of 1∶1, the separation efficiency was up to 98.3% and the flux was up to (16997.27±1499.46)L/(m²·h), and after 10 repetitions of the separation, the separation efficiency was still able to reach more than 95.7% and the flux could still be stabilized at (16551.41±1725.66)L/(m²·h). In summary, the hydrophobic PET fiber fabric exhibited a robust self-cleaning effect, high flux capacity and effective oil-water separation, offering innovative approaches for the reuse of waste fiber fabrics.

Key words: polyester fiber fabric, oil/water separation, hydrophobicity, polydimethylsiloxane, nano-titanium dioxide

摘要：

各行各业产生的含油废水严重威胁水生环境和人类健康，同时合成聚酯纤维的广泛使用，产生了大量的废弃纤维，其造成的环境污染也不容忽视。为了开发再利用废弃纤维织物，采用简单的浸渍法，将聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）和纳米二氧化钛（TiO₂）有效负载在聚酯（PET）纤维织物的表面，制备了疏水改性的PET纤维织物，并将其用于油水混合物的分离，达到了以废治废的目的。本研究采用扫描电镜、接触角测试仪、傅里叶红外光谱仪和X射线光电子能谱仪对疏水改性PET织物进行了理化性质表征，进一步测试了疏水改性PET织物的防污性能、化学稳定性和油水分离性能。结果表明：改性后PDMS和TiO₂纳米颗粒成功负载在PET纤维织物表面，其水接触角可达142°，具有防污自清洁性能以及良好的化学稳定性。此外，用体积比为1∶1的氯仿和水的混合物进行分离时，其分离效率可达98.3%，通量可达(16997.27±1499.46)L/(m²·h)，并且经过10次重复分离后，分离效率仍能达到95.7%以上，通量仍可稳定在(16551.41±1725.66)L/(m²·h)以上。综上所述，该疏水PET纤维织物具有良好的自清洁作用、较高的通量以及良好的油水分离性能，为废弃纤维织物的再生利用提供了新的思路。

关键词: 聚酯纤维织物, 油水分离, 疏水, 聚二甲基硅氧烷, 纳米二氧化钛