Abstract:

As a kind of biomass materials, nanocellulose displays excellent properties, such as high specific surface area and high mechanical strength. There are many hydroxyl groups on its surface, resulting in strong hydrophilicity, which seriously affects the dispersion effect of nanocellulose in bio-based composites and limits its functional applications. Therefore, hydrophobicity modification of nanocellulose has become one of the research focuses. The hydrophobicity modification of nanocellulose via physical, chemical and polymer grafting methods were discussed, and the mechanisms, advantages and disadvantages of different methods were summarized. The effects of hydrophobicity modification of nanocellulose on mechanical properties, thermal properties and biocompatibility were analyzed. After that, this paper summarized the research status of hydrophobicity modification of nanocellulose and its functional application in packaging, papermaking and water purification, which can provide theoretical strategy and practical guide to the effective use of nanocellulose. Finally, the advantages and future prospects of hydrophobicity modification on nanocellulose were proposed.

Key words: biomass material, nanocellulose, hydrophobicity modification, functional application

摘要：

纳米纤维素作为一种生物质材料，具有高比表面积、高强度等优良性能。其表面存在大量的羟基，具备很强的亲水性。这在一定程度上影响了纳米纤维素在生物基复合材料中的分散效果，限制了它的功能化应用。因此，纳米纤维素疏水改性已成为研究焦点之一。本文讨论了利用物理、化学和聚合物接枝的方式对纳米纤维素进行疏水改性，总结了不同纳米纤维素疏水改性机制及其优缺点，分析了疏水改性纳米纤维素对机械性能、热性能和生物相容性等性能的影响。据此，概述了纳米纤维素疏水改性研究现状及其在包装、造纸和水净化等领域的功能化应用情况，为有效利用纳米纤维素提供理论策略和实践依据。最后，展望了疏水改性纳米纤维素的优势和未来应用前景。

关键词: 生物质材料, 纳米纤维素, 疏水改性, 功能化应用