Abstract:

Waterborne dye pollution represents a critical threat to human health and environmental safety at present. To surmount the limitations of traditional water treatment technologies concerning degradation efficiency and sustainability, the graphite phase nitrogen carbide(g-C₃N₄) photocatalytic membranes, which integrate membrane and photocatalytic technologies, have emerged as a focal point of recent research. In this review, the merits and demerits of various g-C₃N₄ synthesis methods were summarized, noting the dense structure of products resulting from conventional thermal polymerization and exploring diverse strategies to augment photocatalytic performance via structural optimization and synergistic effects. Subsequently, the manuscript systematically delineated the fabrication techniques of g-C₃N₄ photocatalytic membranes and their applications in dye degradation, covering the evolutionary trends from self-supporting and loaded membranes to hybrid membranes and comparing their respective strengths and weaknesses, thereby demonstrating their significant potential for advancement in water treatment fields. Finally, the paper acknowledged ongoing challenges in the scalable application, establishment of evaluation standards and selection of composite materials for g-C₃N₄ photocatalytic membranes.

Key words: graphitic carbon nitride, photocatalysis, membrane technology, dye degradation, structural properties

摘要：

水体染料污染是当下严重威胁人类健康和环境安全的重要问题之一。为克服传统水处理技术在降解效率和持久性方面的局限，结合膜和光催化技术的石墨相氮化碳（g-C₃N₄）光催化膜技术已成为当前的研究热点。本文从g-C₃N₄的结构、性质和催化机理出发，强调了其在大比表面积、可定制结构、稳定性以及光催化效率方面的优势。本文进一步对比了g-C₃N₄不同制备方法的优劣，指出传统热聚合法导致的产物结构密集化问题，以及通过结构优化和协同效应来增强其光催化性能的不同策略。接着，本文还系统介绍了g-C₃N₄光催化膜的制备技术及其在染料降解中的应用，涵盖从自支撑膜、负载膜到杂化膜的演进趋势及各类膜的优劣势对比，展示了其在水处理领域的巨大发展潜力。最后，本文指出g-C₃N₄光催化膜在规模化应用、评价标准确立和复合材料选择方面仍面临挑战。

关键词: 石墨相氮化碳, 光催化, 膜技术, 染料降解, 结构性质