Research progress on the applications of MXene in the fields of biomass based energy storage nanomaterials

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1132

Abstract

Abstract:

MXene is a graphene structured layered 2D nanomaterial with high electrical conductivity and large specific surface area, which is commonly used in energy storage. MXene is rich in end-group functional groups, which efficiently facilitated the formation of cross-linked structures with biomass based nanomaterials and then widen the layer spacing of MXene, thus improving the flexibility of devices and providing more ion transport channels. Therefore, the use of MXene in biomass energy storage nanomaterials is becoming a hot topic of research. This paper reviews the recent applications of MXene combining biomass based nanomaterials in the fields of energy storage. Firstly, the various MXene preparation methods and their advantages/disadvantages are introduced. Secondly, the optimized modifications of MXene energy storage devices with CNF, BC, CNC and other materials are presented, respectively. Then, the physical/chemical characteristics and the performance advantages of the three cutting-edge energy storage devices of supercapacitors, nanogenerators and secondary batteries derived from MXene-biomass based nanomaterials are also summarized, followed by emphatically focusing on the functions of biomassbased nanomaterials in MXene-biomass based nanocomposites. Finally, the challenges faced by MXene composited with biomass based nanomaterials in the energy storage areas and their future applications are analyzed and prospected.

Key words: MXene, biomass carbon, energy storage, nanomaterials, supercapacitors, secondary batteries, nanogenerators

摘要：

MXene是一种类石墨烯结构的层状二维纳米材料，具有高导电性和高比表面积等优点，常用在储能领域。MXene含有丰富的端基官能团，易与生物质纳米材料形成交联结构并拓宽其层间距，从而提高储能器件的柔韧性及提供更多的离子传输通道。故MXene用于生物质储能纳米材料逐渐成为研究热点之一。本文综述了近年来MXene复合生物质基纳米材料在储能领域中的应用，首先介绍了不同MXene的制备方法及其优劣势，其次分别介绍了用CNF、BC、CNC等材料对MXene储能器件的优化改性方法，并总结了MXene复合生物质纳米材料在超级电容器、纳米发电机、二次电池等三种前沿储能器件中的物化特点及性能优势，重点分析了生物质纳米材料在MXene/生物质纳米复合材料中的功能。最后，对MXene复合生物质纳米材料在储能领域所面临的挑战及其未来应用前景进行了分析与展望。

关键词: MXene, 生物质, 储能, 纳米材料, 超级电容器, 二次电池, 纳米发电机

CLC Number:

0636.6

WAN Maohua, ZHANG Xiaohong, AN Xingye, LONG Yinying, LIU Liqin, GUAN Min, CHENG Zhengbai, CAO Haibing, LIU Hongbin. Research progress on the applications of MXene in the fields of biomass based energy storage nanomaterials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(4): 1944-1960.

万茂华, 张小红, 安兴业, 龙垠荧, 刘利琴, 管敏, 程正柏, 曹海兵, 刘洪斌. MXene在生物质基储能纳米材料领域中的应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(4): 1944-1960.

Figures/Tables 10

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方法	前体	化学药品	MXene	优点	缺点	参考文献
HF酸蚀刻	Ti₃AlC₂	HF酸	Ti₃C₂	最广泛的蚀刻方法	对环境和人体有害	[30]
酸/氟盐蚀刻	V₂AlC	HCl+LiF	V₂C	缺陷密度低稳定性高	F原子的电负性大，降低导电性	[31]
化学气相沉积（CVD）	Ti₃AlC₂	HCl+LiF	Ti₃C₂	晶体横向尺寸大，高温高压下较稳定	沉积的反应源和反应后的余气易燃，易爆或有毒	[32]
碱性蚀刻	Ti₃AlC₂	KOH	Ti₃C₂	提供更多的电活性中心	容易产生氢氧化铝覆盖在MAX相阻碍蚀刻	[33]
高温蚀刻	Ti₄AlN₃	KF+LiF+NaF	Ti₄N₃	通过热能断裂M—A键	所需温度较高	[34]
盐酸蚀刻	Ti₂AlC	HCl	Ti₂C	层间距增加，促进离子嵌入	蚀刻的温度，时间较为严苛	[35]

方法	前体	化学药品	MXene	优点	缺点	参考文献
HF酸蚀刻	Ti₃AlC₂	HF酸	Ti₃C₂	最广泛的蚀刻方法	对环境和人体有害	[30]
酸/氟盐蚀刻	V₂AlC	HCl+LiF	V₂C	缺陷密度低稳定性高	F原子的电负性大，降低导电性	[31]
化学气相沉积（CVD）	Ti₃AlC₂	HCl+LiF	Ti₃C₂	晶体横向尺寸大，高温高压下较稳定	沉积的反应源和反应后的余气易燃，易爆或有毒	[32]
碱性蚀刻	Ti₃AlC₂	KOH	Ti₃C₂	提供更多的电活性中心	容易产生氢氧化铝覆盖在MAX相阻碍蚀刻	[33]
高温蚀刻	Ti₄AlN₃	KF+LiF+NaF	Ti₄N₃	通过热能断裂M—A键	所需温度较高	[34]
盐酸蚀刻	Ti₂AlC	HCl	Ti₂C	层间距增加，促进离子嵌入	蚀刻的温度，时间较为严苛	[35]

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