Abstract:

In recent years, traditional capacitive deionization (CDI) has rapidly developed as a new electrochemical technology with advantages such as energy efficiency and pollution-free operation. This technology primarily utilizes electrodes to adsorb ions from water, achieving purification through the application of voltage. However, traditional CDI faces issues such as the need for electrode reversal, poor adsorption efficiency and incomplete desorption. To address these problems, flow electrode capacitance deionization (FCDI) technology has emerged. Building on the foundation of traditional CDI, FCDI introduces flow electrodes and ion exchange membranes. The liquid electrodes operate continuously within the device, eliminating the need for desorption, and solving the control issues and incomplete desorption associated with electrode reversal. Additionally, the application of ion exchange membranes further enhances ion migration efficiency, significantly improving the performance of electro-adsorption. This paper introduced the working principles of traditional CDI and FCDI technologies, compared their technical characteristics and summarized the application prospects of FCDI technology in the field of water treatment. It also reviewed the latest research achievements in FCDI technology, providing valuable references for researchers in the water treatment industry.

Key words: water treatment, electrochemistry, electroadsorption, flow electrode, technology comparison and development

摘要：

近年来，传统电吸附（capacitive deionization，CDI）这一新型电化学技术以其节能、无污染等优势发展迅速，这种技术主要利用电极吸附水中的离子，通过施加电压来实现水的净化。但传统电吸附（CDI）存在需要倒极、吸附效果差、脱附不彻底等问题。为解决这些问题，流动电极电容去离子（flow electrode capacitance deion，FCDI）技术应运而生。FCDI在传统CDI的基础上引入流动电极和离子交换膜，液态电极在装置内连续运行、无须脱附的特点，解决了倒极脱附的控制与脱附不彻底等问题。此外，离子交换膜的应用进一步提高了离子的迁移效率，大大提升了电吸附的工作效率。本文介绍了传统CDI和FCDI技术工作原理，对比了各自技术特点，总结了FCDI技术在水处理领域的应用前景，并且概述了FCDI技术的最新研究成果，对水处理行业研究者提供了有价值的参考。

关键词: 水处理, 电化学, 电吸附, 流动电极, 技术对比和发展