外加电流对AO工艺缺氧区脱氮效率与污泥絮凝的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2269

化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (11): 6369-6377.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2269

外加电流对AO工艺缺氧区脱氮效率与污泥絮凝的影响

张兰河¹(), 袁镇涛¹, 赵浩杰¹, 赵君田², 祝艺宁³, 陈子成¹, 贾艳萍¹, 田书磊⁴()

^1.东北电力大学化学工程学院，吉林吉林 132012
^2.东北电力大学资产处，吉林吉林 132012
^3.吉林石化公司动力一厂，吉林吉林 132022
^4.中国环境科学研究院土壤与固体废物研究所，北京 100012

收稿日期:2020-11-13 修回日期:2021-01-25 出版日期:2021-11-05 发布日期:2021-11-19
通讯作者: 田书磊
作者简介:张兰河（1971—），男，博士，教授，主要研究方向为污水生物脱氮除磷技术。E-mail：zhanglanhe@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51678119);吉林省科技发展计划(20180201016SF)

Effect of external electric current on denitrification efficiency and sludge flocculation of anoxic zone using AO process

ZHANG Lanhe¹(), YUAN Zhentao¹, ZHAO Haojie¹, ZHAO Juntian², ZHU Yining³, CHEN Zicheng¹, JIA Yanping¹, TIAN Shulei⁴()

^1.School of Chemical Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, China
^2.Assets Division, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin 132012, Jilin, China
^3.Power First Plant, Jilin Petro-chemical Company, Jilin 132022, Jilin, China
^4.Institute of Soil and Solid Waste, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China

Received:2020-11-13 Revised:2021-01-25 Online:2021-11-05 Published:2021-11-19
Contact: TIAN Shulei

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

AO工艺利用硝化液内循环实现生物脱氮，很难保证缺氧区的缺氧条件，导致脱氮效果不理想，污泥絮凝性差。为了达到强化生物脱氮的目的，本研究采用外加电流提高缺氧区的污泥活性和生物絮凝性，探索不同电流强度下污泥接触角、zeta电位和污泥粒径的变化，结合三维荧光光谱（3D-EEM）与傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析胞外聚合物（EPS）的组成，考察外加电流对污染物去除和污泥性质的影响。结果表明：当电流强度低于30mA时，随着电流强度的增加，TN和COD去除率提高，酶活性增强。当电流强度为30mA时，ORP为-135mV，硝酸盐还原酶活性达到最强[0.37μg/（mg·min）]，TN去除率达到最高79.43%；当电流强度为40mA时，脱氢酶活性达到最强[50.86mg/（L·h）]，COD去除率达到最高80.65%。当电流强度低于40mA时，随着电流强度的提高，蛋白质（PN）与多糖（PS）的比值增加，污泥接触角增大，zeta电位减小，平均粒径升高，污泥絮凝性增强；由3D-EEM和FTIR分析可知，色氨酸和酪氨酸类的荧光强度增强，EPS的官能团无明显变化。当电流强度为40mA时，污泥重絮凝能力（FA）为40.33%，出水悬浮物（ESS）为13.95mg/L，污泥容积指数（SVI）为66.5mL/g，污泥絮凝性最好。随着电流强度的继续提高，污泥絮凝性逐渐变差。因此，将电流强度控制在40mA，可以同时实现提高生物脱氮效率和污泥絮凝性的目的。

关键词: 电流, 废水, 生物反应器, 反硝化脱氮, 酶, 胞外聚合物, 絮凝性

Abstract:

Biological nitrogen removal could be achieved using nitration liquid internal circulation in AO process, which was difficult to ensure the anoxic condition of anoxic zone and thus led to unsatisfactory nitrogen removal and poor sludge flocculation. In order to enhance biological nitrogen removal, external electric current was used to enhance the sludge activity and bioflocculation in the anoxic zone. The changes of sludge contact angle, zeta potential and particle size were explored and the composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) was analyzed using three-dimensional excitation emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) under different current intensities. The effects of external electric current on the pollutants removal and sludge properties were investigated. The results showed that removal efficiencies of TN and COD and enzyme activity increased with the increase of the current intensity when the current intensity was lower than 30mA. When current intensity was 30mA, ORP was -135mV, and nitrate reductase activity and removal efficiency of TN were the highest [0.37μg/(mg·min) and 79.43%]. When current intensity was 40mA, dehydrogenase activity and removal efficiency of COD were the highest [50.86mg/(L·h) and 80.65%]. When current intensity was lower than 40mA, the ratio of protein (PN)/polysaccharide (PS), contact angle and average particle size of sludge increased and zeta potential of sludge decreased with the increase of current intensity, which was beneficial to sludge flocculation. Fluorescence intensity of tryptophan and tyrosine was improved and there were no obvious changes in functional groups of EPS based on the analysis of 3D-EEM and FTIR. When the current intensity was 40mA, the bioflocculation of sludge was the optimum and flocculation ability (FA) was 40.33%. Effluent suspend solid (ESS) was 13.95mg/L and sludge volume index (SVI) was 66.5mL/g. When current intensity was higher than 40mA, sludge flocculation gradually deteriorated with the increase of current intensity. Therefore, the efficiency of biological denitrification and the sludge flocculability could be improved when the current intensity was controlled at 40mA.

Key words: electric current, wastewater, bioreactors, denitrification, enzyme, extracellular polymeric substances, flocculation

中图分类号:

X703

张兰河, 袁镇涛, 赵浩杰, 赵君田, 祝艺宁, 陈子成, 贾艳萍, 田书磊. 外加电流对AO工艺缺氧区脱氮效率与污泥絮凝的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(11): 6369-6377.

ZHANG Lanhe, YUAN Zhentao, ZHAO Haojie, ZHAO Juntian, ZHU Yining, CHEN Zicheng, JIA Yanping, TIAN Shulei. Effect of external electric current on denitrification efficiency and sludge flocculation of anoxic zone using AO process[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(11): 6369-6377.

图/表 8

图1 电流强化AO脱氮工艺流程

表1 进水水质指标

COD /mg·L^-1	TN /mg·L^-1	TP /mg·L^-1	c(NH $4 +$ -N) /mg·L^-1	c(PO $4 3 -$ -P) /mg·L^-1	T/℃
480±20	71±3	7±1	60±5	6.5±1	20±5

表1 进水水质指标

COD /mg·L^-1	TN /mg·L^-1	TP /mg·L^-1	c(NH $4 +$ -N) /mg·L^-1	c(PO $4 3 -$ -P) /mg·L^-1	T/℃
480±20	71±3	7±1	60±5	6.5±1	20±5

图2 加热法提取EPS流程

图3 电流强度对缺氧区COD和TN去除率的影响

图4 电流强度对PN、PS和EPS的影响

图5 不同电流强度下LB-EPS和TB-EPS的三维荧光光谱

图6 不同电流强度下LB-EPS和TB-EPS的红外光谱

图7 电流强度对污泥性质的影响

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外加电流对AO工艺缺氧区脱氮效率与污泥絮凝的影响

Effect of external electric current on denitrification efficiency and sludge flocculation of anoxic zone using AO process

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