光催化技术在水处理中的研究进展及挑战

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0756

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用太阳光去除有机污染物和有害细菌的光催化技术一直被认为是水处理中最有使用价值的技术之一，因为其具有操作简便、不引入二次污染、能源清洁等优点而在环境净化领域具有巨大的应用潜力，近些年在水和空气净化中被广泛研究。本文介绍了光催化技术的基本机理并分析了影响光催化效率的因素，总结了包括表面光敏化、离子掺杂改性等提高光催化效率的手段，回顾了近些年光催化技术在饮用水处理及废水处理领域当中的研究应用情况，将光催化技术与生物法、膜法等传统技术结合应用并对其机理进行探究，有助于进一步发展基于可见光作为清洁、可再生能源驱动的光催化环境修复技术。重点关注光催化技术在环境保护，尤其是水处理领域的发展潜力，并对于光催化技术未来的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 环境, 催化, 光化学, 复合材料, 嗅味

Abstract:

Photocatalytic technology using sunlight to remove organic pollutants and harmful bacteria has always been considered as one of the most valuable technologies in water treatment. Because of its advantages of simple operation, no secondary pollution and clean energy, it has great application potential in the field of environmental purification, and has been widely studied in water and air purification in recent years. The basic mechanism of photocatalysis technology is introduced, and the factors affecting photocatalysis efficiency are analyzed. The methods to improve photocatalysis efficiency including surface photosensitization and ion doping modification are summarized. The research and application of photocatalysis technology in drinking water treatment and wastewater treatment in recent years are reviewed. The combination of photocatalysis technology with traditional technologies such as biological method and membrane method and its mechanism are explored, which is conducive to the further development of photocatalytic environmental remediation technology driven by visible light as clean and renewable energy. Focus on the development potential of photocatalytic technology in environmental protection, especially in the field of water treatment, and look forward to the future development direction of photocatalytic technology.

Key words: environment, catalysis, photochemistry, composites, odor

中图分类号:

TU991

水博阳, 宋小三, 范文江. 光催化技术在水处理中的研究进展及挑战[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(S2): 356-363.

SHUI Boyang, SONG Xiaosan, FAN Wenjiang. Research progress and challenges of photocatalytic technology in water treatment[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(S2): 356-363.

图/表 4

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半导体光催化材料	禁带宽度/eV	半导体光催化材料	禁带宽度/eV
TiO₂	3.2	Bi₂O₃	2.5~2.8
ZnO	3.2	WO₃	2.5
g-C₃N₄	2.7~2.8	CdS	2.4
FeO	2.4	Bi₂WO₃	2.9
Fe₂O₃	2.2	Ga₂O₃	4.8

半导体光催化材料	禁带宽度/eV	半导体光催化材料	禁带宽度/eV
TiO₂	3.2	Bi₂O₃	2.5~2.8
ZnO	3.2	WO₃	2.5
g-C₃N₄	2.7~2.8	CdS	2.4
FeO	2.4	Bi₂WO₃	2.9
Fe₂O₃	2.2	Ga₂O₃	4.8

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