电化学耦合阴极二氧化碳还原与阳极氧化合成

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0887

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电催化二氧化碳还原（CO₂RR）利用电场作用在温和的条件下将二氧化碳转化为高值化学品。将CO₂RR与热力学电势较低的阳极反应耦合，可以降低槽电压，在阳极和阴极同时生成高值化学品，提高能量效率。本文介绍了CO₂RR与氧化合成反应耦合策略，探究了电解池、离子交换膜等电解装置对CO₂RR耦合电催化性能的影响，归纳了常用于CO₂RR耦合氧化合成体系中阴阳极电催化剂的种类，重点综述了CO₂RR与氯碱过程、醇类和含氮有机物氧化等典型阳极氧化合成反应耦合的最新进展。最后，针对目前存在的阳极催化剂成本高、全电解阳极产物的分离检测困难、反应物转化率低等问题，提出开发更加高效、稳定和低成本的阳极电催化剂、升级电极结构和电解装置以及拓展新型CO₂RR耦合体系等是未来的研究方向。

关键词: 多孔炭, 非贵金属催化剂, 全电解, 电催化二氧化碳, 耦合电催化, 电合成

Abstract:

Electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction (CO₂RR) enables CO₂ transformation to valuable chemicals by applying electrical field under mild conditions. Coupling CO₂RR with suitable anode reactions with lower thermodynamic potential can reduce cell voltage, produce valuable chemicals simultaneously at anode and cathode, and thus reach a higher energy efficiency. This article introduced the strategy for CO₂RR coupled oxidation synthesis system, investigated the effect of electrolysis device such as electrolytic cell and ion exchange membrane on the CO₂RR coupling electrocatalytic performance, summarized the types of electrocatalysts commonly used in CO₂RR coupled oxidation synthesis system and overviewed the latest progress in CO₂RR coupled with typical anodic oxidation reactions such as chlor-alkali reaction, and alcohols and nitrogenous organic compound oxidation. Finally, in view of the existing problems, such as high cost of anode catalyst, difficulty in separation and detection of anode products and low reactants conversion rate, it was proposed that developing more efficient, stable and cheaper anode catalyst, upgrading electrode structure and electrolysis device and expanding new CO₂RR coupling systems were the future research directions.

Key words: porous carbon, non-precious electrocatalyst, full cell electrolysis, electrocatalytic carbon dioxide, coupling electrocatalysis, electrosynthesis

中图分类号:

葛睿, 胡旭, 董灵玉, 李丹, 郝广平. 电化学耦合阴极二氧化碳还原与阳极氧化合成[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(9): 5132-5144.

GE Rui, HU Xu, DONG Lingyu, LI Dan, HAO Guangping. Electrochemical coupling between cathodic carbon dioxide reduction and anodic oxidation synthesis[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(9): 5132-5144.

图/表 4

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