化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (02): 921-932.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0359

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

湿法回收退役三元锂离子电池有价金属的研究进展

黎华玲1,2,3(),陈永珍1,2,3,宋文吉1,2,3(),冯自平1,2,3   

  1. 1. 中国科学院广州能源研究所,广东 广州 510640
    2. 中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室,广东 广州 510640
    3. 广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室,广东 广州 510640
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-23 修回日期:2018-06-19 出版日期:2019-02-05 发布日期:2019-02-05
  • 通讯作者: 宋文吉
  • 作者简介:<named-content content-type="corresp-name">黎华玲</named-content>(1987—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为锂离子电池材料。E-mail:<email>lihl1@ms.giec.ac.cn</email>。|宋文吉,博士,研究员,研究方向为大规模储电及控制技术。E-mail:<email>songwj@ms.giec.ac.cn</email>。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省科技计划(2015B050501008);广东省重点实验室项目(y807ji1001)

Research progress on the recovery of valuable metals in retired LiNi x Co y Mn z O2 batteries by wet process

Hualing LI1,2,3(),Yongzhen CHEN1,2,3,Wenji SONG1,2,3(),Ziping FENG1,2,3   

  1. 1. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
    3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2018-02-23 Revised:2018-06-19 Online:2019-02-05 Published:2019-02-05
  • Contact: Wenji SONG

摘要:

近年来,随着三元体系锂离子电池市场份额的快速增加,退役三元锂离子电池将在未来出现爆发式增长,因此,回收三元锂离子电池电极材料中高价值的钴、镍、锂等有价金属成为电池行业的又一研究热点。本文详述了湿法回收三元电池电极材料有价金属的工艺流程和主要方法,重点介绍了有价金属的浸取方法、金属的分离提取、再合成利用和浸取动力学机理的研究进展,比较了工艺流程中不同处理方法的优缺点。并对回收退役三元电池材料的有价金属作了经济性分析,结果表明,三元电池材料有价金属回收具有可观的经济效益。最后对湿法回收三元电池材料中的有价金属方法进行总结,并简述了未来湿法回收处理方法的重要技术,包括化学纯化、自动化拆解以及完善的分类回收技术等,为未来三元电池材料回收技术发展提供参考。

关键词: 锂离子电池, 三元材料, 有价金属, 浸取, 回收, 再生

Abstract:

With the recent rapid expand of LiNi x Co y Mn z O2 battery market, the retired lithium ion batteries will gain explosive growth in the future. Therefore, the recovery of valuable metals such as cobalt, nickel and lithium in the electrode materials of LiNi x Co y Mn z O2 batteries has become another hot spot in the battery industry. This paper reviews the technological process and main methods for the recovery of the valuable metals from LiNi x Co y Mn z O2 batteries by wet process, with the focus placed on the leaching methods of valuable metals, separation and extraction of valuable metals, reutilization and leaching kinetics. The advantages and disadvantages of different processing methods are compared. In addition, economic analysis shows that the recovery of valuable metals from retired LiNi x Co y Mn z O2 batteries has considerable economic value. Finally, the methods for the recovery of the valuable metals of LiNi x Co y Mn z O2 batteries by wet process are summarized, and the important technologies in the future are briefly described, including chemical purification, automatic disassembling and classified recovery, which provides reference for the future development of recovery of LiNi x Co y Mn z O2 batteries.

Key words: lithium ion batteries, ternary materials, valuable metals, leaching, recovery, regeneration

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