赤泥中铁的提取与回收利用研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0433

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 赤泥是综合利用率较低的工业固体废弃物，其资源属性受到广泛关注。赤泥中的铁资源，具有回收利用潜力，是国内外的研究热点。本文在概述了国内外赤泥物质组成特征的基础上，讨论了铁元素在赤泥中的赋存状态与分布情况。系统综述了国内外赤泥中铁提取回收方法与工艺路线的研究进展，提出将从赤泥中提取回收利用铁的方法归纳为直接物理分选法、还原-磁选法和湿法提取法。阐述了3类方法中分选、还原、提取等过程的基本原理，并从工艺路线的适用性、反应条件的控制、铁回收提取效率以及能耗与成本等角度，指出了不同方法存在的优点和缺点。指出成本是制约赤泥中铁回收技术取得工业推广的主要因素，并提出在回收赤泥中铁的同时，综合回收利用其他伴生元素是重要的发展方向。

关键词: 赤泥, 铁, 分离, 回收, 还原, 浸取

Abstract: Red mud is an industrial waste generated from alumina process with a low extend of comprehensive utilization, and it is widely considered to be a potential resource. It is of great research interest and broad significance to recover iron from red mud due to high contents and large amounts. In this paper, The common process routes and research status of the extraction and recovery of red mud at home and abroad were introduced. The basic characteristics of red mud derived at home and abroad were summarized, and the differences in iron content of chemical and mineral composition of red mud were described. Recovery methods including separation, leaching and extraction of iron from red mud can be concluded as direct physical separation, the reduction-magnetic separation and hydrometallurgy extraction method. The basic principles for separation, reduction and extraction process of three main methods were summarized, respectively. The advantages and disadvantages of different methods mentioned were pointed out in terms of feasibility, energy consumption and cost. Furthermore, how to obtain the breakthrough of iron recovery from red mud for industrial application were discussed. It was concluded that the cost for iron recovery remained the main decisive factor. At last, valorization other valuable element in red mud when recovery of iron was proposed as future research directions.

Key words: red mud, iron, separation, recovery, reduction, leaching and extraction

中图分类号:

TF09
X758

顾汉念, 郭腾飞, 马时成, 代杨, 王宁. 赤泥中铁的提取与回收利用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(09): 3599-3608.

GU Hannian, GUO Tengfei, MA Shicheng, DAI Yang, WANG Ning. Review on separation, recovery, extraction and comprehensive utilization of iron from red mud[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(09): 3599-3608.

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