二氧化碳水合物动力学促进剂研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-0987

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用水合物法捕获二氧化碳是当今世界的研究热点，但其应用受到了水合物的生成条件苛刻、生成速率缓慢等问题的限制，故需要利用特定促进剂来改善水合物法分离气体的性能。本文从动力学促进剂对二氧化碳水合物生成的影响效果和促进机理两个方面的研究进展进行了分析和介绍：在影响效果方面，主要阐述了不同类型动力学促进剂对水合物生成产生不同的影响以及在高浓度时对水合物生成产生的抑制作用，并分别分析了其原因；在促进机理方面，总结了国内外各学者的研究成果，并指出现有各种关于动力学促进剂促进机理的理论存在的不足。此外，还提出了未来关于二氧化碳水合物动力学促进剂的发展方向：一是着重研究动力学促进剂对水合物生成促进效果与其含有基团的关系；二是目前关于动力学促进剂促进水合物生成机理还没有统一定论，这可能是由于目前的研究主要集中在促进剂对水合物外部形态的改变而未探讨促进剂对水合物内部结构的改变，因此促进剂对水合物内部结构的改变上需进一步研究。

关键词: 二氧化碳, 水合物, 动力学, 机理

Abstract: It is a hot topic to capture carbon dioxide by forming hydrate. However its application is limited due to the harsh formation conditions of carbon dioxide hydrate and low yield rate of hydrate. Using additives can improve hydrate separation effect. The advances in carbon dioxide hydrate kinetic additives at home and abroad were introduced and analyzed from two aspects, the enhancement of kinetic additives on carbon dioxide hydrate generation and the mechanism of additives promoting carbon dioxide formation. For the enhancement of kinetic additives, the effects of different types of kinetic additives on hydrate formation and the inhibitory effect on hydrate formation at high concentrations were discussed. In terms of the mechanism of additives promoting carbon dioxide formation, the recent research results were summarized and the shortcomings of the mechanism were pointed out. In addition, the lack of carbon dioxide hydrate kinetic additives and the future development of future researches were also discussed. The relationship between the effect of kinetic additives on hydrate formation and its containing groups needs to be further studied; secondly, there is no unified conclusion about the mechanism of hydrate formation by kinetic additives, which may be due to the fact that the current study focuses on the change in the external form of the hydrate and does not explore the change in the internal structure of the hydrate, so the effect of additives on the hydrate internal structure changes needs to be further studied.

Key words: carbon dioxide, hydrate, kinetic, mechanism

中图分类号:

TQ022.115

孙贤, 刘德俊. 二氧化碳水合物动力学促进剂研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(02): 517-524.

SUN Xian, LIU Dejun. Advances in carbon dioxide hydrate kinetic additives[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(02): 517-524.

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