多金属复杂硫化铜矿中有价金属的分离研究现状与进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.01.045

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 综述了复杂铜铅硫化矿中铜锌及铅等有价金属的分离回收技术。通过阐述最近的几种处理复杂硫化铜矿的方法,分析和比较了各处理方法的特点,展望了研究趋势。指出:氧化焙烧预处理-浸出法和硫酸化焙烧-水浸法尽管工艺流程短且简单,但焙烧过程产生的SO₂气体对环境污染严重;硫化焙烧-酸浸法能有效降低SO₂气体的排放量,但其焙烧条件苛刻,难以实现工业化;高价铁盐浸出法存在高价铁盐损耗大、再生难的问题;使用氯盐体系直接浸出时还存在Cl^-对设备腐蚀严重等问题;而氧压浸出和微生物浸出虽然也存在一些不足,但在处理复杂硫化铜矿过程中无有害废气产生,环境友好并且硫以单质硫的形式回收,能有效解决硫酸储存难问题,相信其在今后处理复杂多金属硫化矿中具有广阔的发展前景。

关键词: 复杂铜铅硫化矿, 焙烧, 浸取, 分离, 回收, 复杂铜铅硫化矿, 焙烧, 浸取, 分离, 回收

Abstract: The development of metal extraction from complex sulfide ore containing lead, copper and zinc is reviewed. Several processes for treating complex copper sulfide ore are introduced, and the characteristics of the methods are analyzed and compared. The trend of copper extraction from this kind of ore is also indicated. Although the methods of copper extraction by roasting pretreatment- leaching process, and sulfation roasting-leaching process are simple and straightforward, serious environmental pollution is caused by sulfur dioxide (SO₂)emission in these processes. Emission of SO₂can be reduced in the sulfidation roasting-leaching process, but the conditions of the method are demanding and it is difficult to realize industrialization. The method of ferric salts leaching also has lots of problems, such as big loss of leaching agent and difficulty in regeneration of ferric saltsp. The corrosion originated from Cl^- limits the application of leaching with ferric chloride. There are also some defects with pressurized oxygen leaching process and bioleaching process, but they are prospective in the future because there is no harmful waste gas emmision and elemental sulfur can be recovered without the need for sulfuric acid storage.

Key words: complex copper lead sulfide ore, roasting, leaching, separation, recovery , complex copper lead sulfide ore, roasting, leaching, separation, recovery

中图分类号:

TQ110.6

周娟, 廖亚龙, 李冰洁, 黄斐荣. 多金属复杂硫化铜矿中有价金属的分离研究现状与进展[J]. 化工进展, 2015, 34(1): 252-257.

ZHOU Juan, LIAO Yalong, LI Binjie, HUANG Feirong. Valuable metals extraction from complex multi-metal copper sulfide ore[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2015, 34(1): 252-257.

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