ZnAl和MgAl水滑石吸附废水中磷的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2015.01.044

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 简介了 ZnAl 和 MgAl 水滑石的制备方法和除磷原理,制备方法主要有低饱和共沉淀法、尿素分解-均匀共沉淀法、焙烧复原法和水热合成法等,除磷原理主要是表面静电吸附、离子交换、羟基取代、配位络合和水滑石再水合过程的进入等。回顾了水滑石在改性方面的研究,改性水滑石较未改性水滑石除磷效果更佳;详细分析了除磷的各项影响因素,包括制备过程中的不同金属离子摩尔比、焙烧温度、尿素浓度等和反应过程中的 pH 值、共存离子、吸附剂用量、反应温度、吸附时间等,在以上这些因素中都存在一个除磷效果最佳的影响值。简述了在解吸方面所取得的成果,十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基和1-辛烷等表面活性剂比常规的 Na₂CO₃和 NaCl-NaOH 解吸载磷水滑石效果更优。指出了用纯水滑石除磷存在费用较高的问题,可与廉价材料复合改性解决该问题;总结表明了水滑石吸附除磷今后的热点主要是研究改性后水滑石的除磷效果。

关键词: 水滑石, 废水, 吸附, 磷酸盐

Abstract: This paper introduces ZnAl, MgAl and preparation methods of hydrotalcite and phosphorus removal principles. Hydrotalcite preparation methods are low saturation coprecipitation, urea decomposition-uniform coprecipitation, roasting recovery and hydrothermal synthesis. Phosphorus removal principles are surface electrostatic adsorption, ion exchange, hydroxy group substitution, ligand complex and entry of hydrotalcite rehydration. Modification of hydrotalcite is reviewed. Modified hydrotalcite has better effect of removing phosphorus than common hydrotalcite. Influence factors of phosphorus removal are analyzed, such as molar ratio of metal ions, calcination temperature, concentration of urea, pH, coexisting ions, amount of adsorbent, reaction temperature, and adsorption time. For all these factors, there is a best influence value of removing phosphorus. The achievement of desorption are summarized. Surfactants, for example, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate has a better effect than conventional desorption agent for phosphorus hydrotalcite, such as Na₂CO₃ and NaCl-NaOH. The problem of higher cost to remove phosphorus with pure hydrotalcite can be resolved by using cheap composite modified hydrotalcite. Future research will focus on the phosphorus removal performance of modified hydrotalcite.

Key words: hydrotalcite, wastewater, adsorption, phosphate

中图分类号:

X703.1

唐朝春, 陈惠民, 刘名, 叶鑫. ZnAl和MgAl水滑石吸附废水中磷的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2015, 34(1): 245-251.

TANG Chaochun, CHEN Huimin, LIU Ming, YE Xin. Advances in adsorption of phosphate in wastewater by ZnAl and MgAl hydrotalcite[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2015, 34(1): 245-251.

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