电解水制氢MoS2催化剂研究与氢能技术展望

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1107

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氢气具有质量轻、热值高、燃烧产物清洁等优点，被认为是理想的能源载体。氢气既能作为燃料电池的燃料，又能作为储能介质调节风能、太阳能发电系统的随机性、间歇性，正在成为未来能源的重要组成部分。为了促进电解水制氢技术与装备发展，研究高效电催化剂十分重要。本文围绕“粉末型”与“自支撑型”电催化剂结构特征，讨论基于二硫化钼（MoS₂）的析氢电催化剂的研究现状，阐述了催化活性位点调控策略与提高导电性两条技术途径，并以析氢过电位和塔菲尔曲线斜率为依据，比较不同方法制备的二硫化钼电催化剂的催化活性。表明提高二硫化钼晶相稳定性、调节其电子结构和优化催化电极结构等方法，将进一步提高基于二硫化钼的析氢催化电极性能。

关键词: 氢, 电催化剂, 二硫化钼, 电解水, 制氢

Abstract:

Hydrogen is regarded as an ideal energy carrier for its light quality, high energy density and eco-friendly combustion emission. Hydrogen can be used as fuel for PEM fuel cells and energy storage media to regulate the energy output from wind turbine and solar power, therefore it is expected to play a crucial role in future energy system. In order to develop the technology and devices for water electrolysis, high efficient electrocatalysts are the key. We systematically introduce the recent progress in MoS₂-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), categorize the electrocatalysts into powder-type and binder-free electrocatalysts, and discuss two methods of regulation of active sites and the improvement of electric conductivity. Different types of MoS₂ and MoS₂-based electrodes for HER were compared and evaluated using the overpotential and Tafel slopes, and the results demonstrate promising potential of MoS₂ as HER electrocatalysts. For developing MoS₂ HER electrocatalysts, it should further increase the stability of MoS₂ crystal, regulate the electronic properties and optimize the electrode structure.

Key words: hydrogen, electrocatalyst, molybdenum disulfide, water-splitting, hydrogen production

中图分类号:

TQ151

王培灿, 雷青, 刘帅, 王保国. 电解水制氢MoS₂催化剂研究与氢能技术展望[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(01): 278-291.

Peican WANG, Qing LEI, Shuai LIU, Baoguo WANG. MoS₂-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and the prospect of hydrogen energy technology[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(01): 278-291.

图/表 16

参考文献 70

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种类	催化剂	起始过电位/mV	10mA·cm^-2相应过电位/mV	塔菲尔斜率/mV·dec^-1	参考文献
纯二硫化钼型	二硫化钼纳米带	170	约180	70	[64]
	富缺陷二硫化钼	120	约180	50	[39]
	1T相二硫化钼	100	约200	40	[49]
	氧掺杂二硫化钼	120	约180	55	[42]
	双螺旋二硫化钼	—	206	50	[36]
	镍-磷/多硫化钼	—	140	64	[65]
	量子点二硫化钼	约120	约250	69	[34]
基底型	石墨烯基二硫化钼	约100	150	41	[24]
	氮杂石墨烯二硫化钼	100	146	105	[66]
	二硫化钼/还原性石墨烯	约140	—	46	[25]
	介孔石墨烯基二硫化钼	100	—	42	[27]
	二硫化钼/氮杂还原性石墨烯	5	56	41.3	[31]
	低结晶度二硫化钼	90	约170	40	[26]
	多硫化钼/氧化石墨烯	—	约180	47.7	[67]
自支撑型	二硫化钼/碳布	100	150	50	[54]
	二硫化钼/碳布	100	—	39	[68]
	二氧化钼/还原性氧化石墨烯	190	—	95	[69]
	二硫化钼/氧化石墨烯膜	70	100	41	[70]
	二硫化钼/玻碳	约200	约400	约105	[17]
	二硫化钼/二氧化钼/碳布	142	约200	35.6	[57]
	二硫化钼/二硫化钴/碳布	—	87	73.4	[58]
	镍杂硫化钼/碳布	130	约200	85.4	[60]
	二硫化钼/石墨烯骨架	107	—	86.3	[63]

种类	催化剂	起始过电位/mV	10mA·cm^-2相应过电位/mV	塔菲尔斜率/mV·dec^-1	参考文献
纯二硫化钼型	二硫化钼纳米带	170	约180	70	[64]
	富缺陷二硫化钼	120	约180	50	[39]
	1T相二硫化钼	100	约200	40	[49]
	氧掺杂二硫化钼	120	约180	55	[42]
	双螺旋二硫化钼	—	206	50	[36]
	镍-磷/多硫化钼	—	140	64	[65]
	量子点二硫化钼	约120	约250	69	[34]
基底型	石墨烯基二硫化钼	约100	150	41	[24]
	氮杂石墨烯二硫化钼	100	146	105	[66]
	二硫化钼/还原性石墨烯	约140	—	46	[25]
	介孔石墨烯基二硫化钼	100	—	42	[27]
	二硫化钼/氮杂还原性石墨烯	5	56	41.3	[31]
	低结晶度二硫化钼	90	约170	40	[26]
	多硫化钼/氧化石墨烯	—	约180	47.7	[67]
自支撑型	二硫化钼/碳布	100	150	50	[54]
	二硫化钼/碳布	100	—	39	[68]
	二氧化钼/还原性氧化石墨烯	190	—	95	[69]
	二硫化钼/氧化石墨烯膜	70	100	41	[70]
	二硫化钼/玻碳	约200	约400	约105	[17]
	二硫化钼/二氧化钼/碳布	142	约200	35.6	[57]
	二硫化钼/二硫化钴/碳布	—	87	73.4	[58]
	镍杂硫化钼/碳布	130	约200	85.4	[60]
	二硫化钼/石墨烯骨架	107	—	86.3	[63]

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电解水制氢MoS₂催化剂研究与氢能技术展望

MoS₂-based electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution and the prospect of hydrogen energy technology

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