锚框式桨结构参数对煤气化渣活化过程流场特性的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-2008

化工进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (8): 4463-4477.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-2008

• 反应器与过程装备的模拟与仿真 • 上一篇

锚框式桨结构参数对煤气化渣活化过程流场特性的影响

续文钧¹^,²(), 张建波²^,³(), 郭彦霞¹, 李会泉²^,³, 李少鹏²^,³, 任艺凌²^,³

^1.山西大学资源与环境工程研究所，山西太原 030006
^2.中国科学院过程工程研究所，中国科学院绿色过程与工程重点实验室，战略金属资源绿色循环利用国家工程研究中心，北京 100190
^3.中国科学院大学化学工程学院，北京 100049

收稿日期:2024-12-10 修回日期:2025-04-14 出版日期:2025-08-25 发布日期:2025-09-08
通讯作者: 张建波
作者简介:续文钧（2000—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为固废资源化利用。E-mail：wjxu@ipe.ac.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC3900100);国家自然科学基金(52174390)

Effects of anchor frame impeller structure on flow field in stirred tank during gasification slag activation

XU Wenjun¹^,²(), ZHANG Jianbo²^,³(), GUO Yanxia¹, LI Huiquan²^,³, LI Shaopeng²^,³, REN Yiling²^,³

^1.Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
^2.National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources, CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
^3.School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2024-12-10 Revised:2025-04-14 Online:2025-08-25 Published:2025-09-08
Contact: ZHANG Jianbo

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

煤气化渣活化过程中硅酸成胶影响整体传质，需通过了解流场分布来优化反应器。本文构建容积3000L搪玻璃反应釜模型，通过计算流体力学方法研究搅拌桨叶结构参数和工况对流场特性的影响。以煤气化渣活化浆料为搅拌介质，使用剪切应力传输（SST）k-ω模型与Eulerian模型，通过多重参考系法和示踪剂浓度法分析锚框式桨叶结构参数与工况对搅拌过程中单位体积搅拌功率、有效搅拌体积分数和混合时间的影响。结果表明，锚框式桨叶适用于煤气化渣浆液的混合搅拌，其中错位锚框式桨搅拌下流速分布最均匀。桨径和转速的变化显著影响流场分布，1320mm桨径在混合效果与能耗之间达到较好的平衡，而转速的增加显著提高单位体积功率和有效搅拌体积分数，最佳运行转速为20r/min，最佳离底高度为216mm，最优设计下，桨以46.96W/m³的低功耗快速混合浆液。

关键词: 反应器, 非牛顿流体, 混合, 计算流体力学, 两相流

Abstract:

During the hydrochloric acid activation process of gasification slag, the generation of silica gel affects the overall mass transfer, necessitating the clarification of flow field distribution to optimize the reactor. This study constructs a 3000L reactor model and employs computational fluid dynamics to investigate the effects of impeller structure parameters and operating conditions on flow field characteristics. Using gasification slag activation slurry as the mixing medium, the SST k-ω model and Eulerian model are applied to analyze the effects of anchor frame impeller structure parameters and conditions on the specific power input, effective mixing volume fraction, and mixing time during stirring, through the multiple reference frame method and tracer concentration method. The results show that the anchor frame impeller is suitable for mixing gasification slag slurry, with the staggered anchor frame impeller exhibiting the strongest mixing capability. The changes in impeller diameter and rotation speed significantly affect the flow field distribution, with a 1320mm impeller diameter achieving a good balance between mixing efficiency and energy consumption. Increasing the rotation speed significantly enhances volumetric power density and effective mixing volume fraction, with an optimal operating speed of 20r/min, and the optimal installation height of impellers is 216mm. Under optimal design, rapid mixing of slurry is achieved at a low power consumption of 46.96W/m³.

Key words: reactors, non-Newtonian fluids, mixing, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), two-phase flow

中图分类号:

TQ027.1

续文钧, 张建波, 郭彦霞, 李会泉, 李少鹏, 任艺凌. 锚框式桨结构参数对煤气化渣活化过程流场特性的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(8): 4463-4477.

XU Wenjun, ZHANG Jianbo, GUO Yanxia, LI Huiquan, LI Shaopeng, REN Yiling. Effects of anchor frame impeller structure on flow field in stirred tank during gasification slag activation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(8): 4463-4477.

图/表 30

图1 活化渣粒径分布

图2 浆液动力黏度随剪切速率的变化

图3 装配标准锚框式桨的搅拌罐

图4 5种不同的锚框式桨叶结构示意图

表1 5种锚框式桨叶几何尺寸

桨叶	D/mm	θ/(°)	t₁×t₂	h/mm	h₃/mm	d_N /mm	h₄/mm	d₁/mm	d₂/mm
A	1440	—	97mm×50mm	130	800	97	0	—	—
B	1440	75	97mm×50mm	130	800	97	168	—	—
C	1440	90	97mm×50mm	130	847.5	97	0	335.75	—
D	1440	90	97mm×50mm	130	847.5	97	0	—	376.25
E	1440	90	97mm×50mm	130	847.5	97	72.5	—	376.25

图5 网格示意图

图6 网格独立性分析

图7 Y=0截面X=-100mm线段上切向速度的数值模拟和PIV实验对比

图8 r/R=0.35处固含率轴向分布对比

表2 不同桨型的搅拌性能

桨型	P_V /W·m^-3	有效搅拌体积分数/%
A	63.135	67.98
B	74.152	98.02
C	85.200	97.65
D	86.948	98.02
E	59.726	99.15

图9 Z=0平面颗粒体积分数云图

图10 Z=0平面滑移速度云图

图11 Z=0平面速度云图（N=20r/min，h=130mm）

图12 X=0平面速度云图（N=20r/min，h=130mm）

图13 Z=0.85R处不同桨型的三向速度分布

图14 不同高度处三向速度分布

图15 不同桨叶的混合时间曲线

表3 桨E不同桨径下的搅拌性能

D/mm	P_V /W·m^-3	有效搅拌体积分数/%
980	23.118	62.92
1080	28.442	78.73
1180	35.397	94.74
1320	45.530	99.77
1440	59.726	99.15

图16 不同桨径的流场流线图

图17 不同桨径下湍动能分布云图

表4 桨E在不同离底高度下的搅拌性能

h/mm	P_V /W·m^-3	有效搅拌体积分数/%
72	48.23	99.53
130	45.53	99.77
216	46.96	99.77
288	47.84	99.80
360	47.81	99.74
432	47.76	99.38

图18 不同离底高度的流场流线图

表5 桨E在不同转速的搅拌性能

N/r·min^-1	P_V /W·m^-3	有效搅拌体积分数/%
10	22.97	83.81
15	28.05	89.95
20	52.32	99.14
25	85.77	99.86
30	135.74	99.78
40	334.31	99.96

图19 桨E不同转速归一化流场流线图

图20 最佳设计的混合时间曲线

图21 不同盐酸浓度活化浆液的流变曲线

表6 不同盐酸浓度活化浆液的流变系数

c_HCl/mol·L^-1	K_psu/Pa·s ⁿ	n	R²/%
3	26.12	0.12	99.9
4	8.56	0.46	99.8
5	5.14	0.71	96.8
6	53.41	0.11	99.9

表7 不同酸浓度下的搅拌性能

c_HCl/mol·L^-1	K_psu/Pa·s ⁿ	n	P_V /W·m^-3	有效搅拌体积分数/%
5	5.137	0.714	35.94	99.96
4	8.561	0.458	31.19	99.99
3	26.12	0.123	32.88	99.94
6	53.41	0.102	44.39	99.43

图22 不同酸浓度下的流场流线图

图23 不同桨叶下Al元素浸出曲线

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锚框式桨结构参数对煤气化渣活化过程流场特性的影响

Effects of anchor frame impeller structure on flow field in stirred tank during gasification slag activation

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