沥青再生剂扩散行为表征方法研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0526

化工进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 2068-2080.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0526

沥青再生剂扩散行为表征方法研究进展

岳磊¹(), 栗培龙¹^,², 丁湛³^,⁴^,⁵(), 夏雷¹, 安琳玉³^,⁴^,⁵

^1.长安大学公路学院，陕西西安 710064
^2.长安大学道路结构与材料交通运输行业重点实验室，陕西西安 710064
^3.长安大学水利与环境学院，陕西西安 710054
^4.长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室，陕西西安 710054
^5.长安大学水利部旱区生态水文与水安全重点实验室，陕西西安 710054

收稿日期:2024-04-01 修回日期:2024-06-04 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-05-07
通讯作者: 丁湛
作者简介:岳磊（1997—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为高性能环保型道路材料。E-mail：yuelei@chd.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52378432);陕西省重点研发项目(2022SF-169)

Research progress on characterization methods of diffusion behavior of asphalt rejuvenators

YUE Lei¹(), LI Peilong¹^,², DING Zhan³^,⁴^,⁵(), XIA Lei¹, AN Linyu³^,⁴^,⁵

^1.School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China
^2.Key Laboratory of Road Structure and Material, Ministry of Transport, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, Shaanxi, China
^3.School of Water and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
^4.Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effect in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China
^5.Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Ministry of Water Resources, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710054, Shaanxi, China

Received:2024-04-01 Revised:2024-06-04 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-05-07
Contact: DING Zhan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

沥青再生剂与老化沥青界面的扩散行为是影响废旧沥青路面的热再生效率、工艺水平以及服役性能的重要因素。本文系统综述了再生剂在老化沥青中扩散状态的模拟方法，包括浸泡法、分层萃取技术、表面润湿法、示踪技术和分子动力学模拟方法，对比分析了现有研究方法的优缺点，在此基础上归纳了不同扩散时程状态的表征方法及评价参数，讨论了各种评价方法的特点及适用性，并展望了沥青再生剂扩散行为表征方法的研究方向。基于表面润湿法获取的扩散试样有其独特的扩散状态表征方法和指标，适用于评价再生剂润湿老化沥青界面的特性、即时扩散速率；示踪技术能够捕捉扩散试样的切片混溶性状；浸泡法、分层萃取技术的扩散性状表征方法更加多元；采用计入热力学参数的分子动力学模拟与扩散试验相结合的方法是研究沥青再生剂扩散行为、驱动力机制的主要途径。未来应加强对沥青再生剂沿沥青膜表面的横向扩散行为的研究，计入再生剂与老化沥青的多种接触模式，建立考虑时温衰减效应的扩散动力学模型，为科学确定热再生沥青路面工艺参数提供理论依据和参考。

关键词: 再生沥青路面, 再生剂, 扩散行为, 界面, 表征方法, 评价参数

Abstract:

Interface diffusion behavior between asphalt rejuvenators and aged asphalt is the key factor affecting hot recycling efficiency, process level and service performance of reclaimed asphalt pavement. Simulation methods of diffusion state of rejuvenators into aged asphalt were systematically reviewed including soaking method, layered extraction technology, surface wettability method, tracer method and molecular dynamics simulation method. The advantages and disadvantages of existing research methods were comparatively analyzed, on the basis of which, characterization methods and evaluation parameters of different time history diffusion states were summarized. The characteristics and applicability of various evaluation methods were discussed. The future research direction of characterization methods of diffusion behavior of asphalt rejuvenators was prospected. Research results showed that diffusion samples prepared based on the surface wettability method had unique methods and indicators for characterizing diffusion states, which were suitable for evaluating interface characteristics and instant diffusion rate of rejuvenators wetting aging asphalt. Tracer technologies could capture the slice blending status of diffusion samples. Diffusion characterization methods of soaking method and layered extraction technology were more diversified. The combination of molecular dynamics simulation and diffusion test considering thermodynamic parameters was the main pathway to study diffusion behavior and driving force mechanism of asphalt rejuvenators. In the future, the research on the lateral diffusion behavior of asphalt rejuvenators along the asphalt film surface should be strengthened, and a variety of contact modes between rejuvenators and aged asphalt should be considered. The diffusion kinetic model considering time-temperature attenuation effect needed to be established, which provided a theoretical basis and reference for scientifically determining process parameters of hot recycled asphalt pavement.

Key words: recycled asphalt pavement, rejuvenators, diffusion behavior, interface, characterization method, evaluation parameters

中图分类号:

U414

岳磊, 栗培龙, 丁湛, 夏雷, 安琳玉. 沥青再生剂扩散行为表征方法研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(4): 2068-2080.

YUE Lei, LI Peilong, DING Zhan, XIA Lei, AN Linyu. Research progress on characterization methods of diffusion behavior of asphalt rejuvenators[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(4): 2068-2080.

图/表 13

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种类	相对密度	黏度/Pa·s	60℃运动黏度/mm²·s^-1	参考文献
基质沥青	1.017（25℃）	0.80（135℃）	—	[21]
回收沥青	1.012（15℃）	1574（60℃）	—	[22]
石油基再生剂	0.932（15℃）	2.41（60℃）	—	[23]
废机油再生剂	0.970（25℃）	—	75.91×10^-6	[24]
生物油	0.940（15℃）	0.074（60℃）	—	[25]
生物基再生剂	0.938（15℃）	—	103	[26]

种类	相对密度	黏度/Pa·s	60℃运动黏度/mm²·s^-1	参考文献
基质沥青	1.017（25℃）	0.80（135℃）	—	[21]
回收沥青	1.012（15℃）	1574（60℃）	—	[22]
石油基再生剂	0.932（15℃）	2.41（60℃）	—	[23]
废机油再生剂	0.970（25℃）	—	75.91×10^-6	[24]
生物油	0.940（15℃）	0.074（60℃）	—	[25]
生物基再生剂	0.938（15℃）	—	103	[26]

制样容器	分层截取间距/mm	段数	扩散时间/min	扩散温度/℃	参考文献
玻璃试管	100^①	3	60、120、180、240、300、360、600	130、140、150、160、170、180	[27]
针入度模具	—	1	20、60、120、180、240	100	[28]
动态剪切流变仪（DSR）扩散模具	—	1	240	100	[28]
铝管	30^①	3	10	135	[29]
玻璃试管	30^②	1	30、60、120、180、240	130	[30]
铝管	20^②	4	2880、5760、11520	160	[31]
试管	10^①	3	60、120、180、240	140、150、160、170	[32]
软化点模具	—	1	60、120、180、240	5、60、100	[33]

制样容器	分层截取间距/mm	段数	扩散时间/min	扩散温度/℃	参考文献
玻璃试管	100^①	3	60、120、180、240、300、360、600	130、140、150、160、170、180	[27]
针入度模具	—	1	20、60、120、180、240	100	[28]
动态剪切流变仪（DSR）扩散模具	—	1	240	100	[28]
铝管	30^①	3	10	135	[29]
玻璃试管	30^②	1	30、60、120、180、240	130	[30]
铝管	20^②	4	2880、5760、11520	160	[31]
试管	10^①	3	60、120、180、240	140、150、160、170	[32]
软化点模具	—	1	60、120、180、240	5、60、100	[33]

评价方法	优点	缺点
浸泡法	扩散容器多样，制样简易，操作简单	样品数量与扩散容器有关，试验离散性较大
分层萃取技术	考虑了实际再生条件，如集料表观特性、机械拌和工艺	受萃取剂、RAP材料特性影响大
表面润湿法	适用于模拟再生剂在老化沥青接触面的即时扩散状态，测量快速	仪器需配备温控功能，考察的影响因素较少
示踪技术	利用特殊标记物追踪再生剂的扩散	易受示踪剂性质影响
分子动力学模拟	设置温度、时长等参数模拟再生剂组分和沥青代表性分子之间的扩散行为	再生剂、老化沥青分子模型的建立和扩散模型的选取均会影响扩散状态的模拟精度

沥青再生剂扩散行为表征方法研究进展

Research progress on characterization methods of diffusion behavior of asphalt rejuvenators

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方法	评价指标	特点
扩散系数法	均方位移、扩散系数	直接衡量再生剂在老化沥青某一界面的扩散速度，计算公式较多
性能指标法	针入度、延度、软化点、黏度、润湿功、润湿速度和润湿时间表面能参数；流变学参数	样品需求量较大，测试精度受测试仪器、人为主观因素影响较大，具有一定局限性，难以反映再生剂在老化沥青中的扩散过程
化学分析法	分子尺寸及分布、组分比例、特征官能团指数	样品需求量较少，受测试环境、人为因素影响较小，对仪器设备要求较高
可视化图像法	灰度值、表面粗糙度、峰面积比和平均面积	直观显示某一扩散状态下再生剂在老化沥青中的分布位置，试验成本较高，制样、试验操作较复杂

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