CaCl2复合热化学储热材料的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1244

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

水合盐热化学储热技术具有储热密度高、长期储存热损失小等优点，有望解决太阳能供给与能源需求间不平衡的问题。CaCl₂具有快速水合反应动力学、高储热密度、低成本、原料广泛的优势。然而，纯水合盐存在膨胀结块、热导率低、稳定性差等问题。目前，研究者主要通过高热导率的多孔基质担载使水合盐均匀分散，实现稳定性的提升，并通过微纳米孔增加气体扩散通道，加快反应速率。本文分析了CaCl₂复合热化学储热材料性能的主要影响因素，分别从储/放热机理分析、性能评价指标、复合材料物性的调控三方面展开。研究发现，多孔基质的孔隙特性、CaCl₂的担载量是影响复合材料储热密度的主要影响因素，介孔结构的多孔基质更适宜作为水合盐热化学反应的载体。同时，加入镁基盐类形成二元盐复合材料是另一种有效的物性调控方法，其中，MgCl₂能有效提高CaCl₂的循环稳定性，在50次循环测试后仍保持良好性能。最后，指出了未来研究的重要技术方向，即开发以介孔结构为主的多孔基质，包括提高多孔基质的孔道开放度和稳定性、探索构建新的二元盐复合材料以及储热系统与储热材料的匹配等。

关键词: 热化学储热, 氯化钙, 复合材料, 多孔基质, 储热性能

Abstract:

Hydrated salt thermochemical heat storage technology has the advantages of high heat storage density and low long-term storage heat loss, which is expected to solve the problem of imbalance between solar energy supply and energy demand. CaCl₂ has the advantages of fast hydration reaction kinetics, high heat storage density, low cost and a wide range of raw materials. However, pure hydrated salts have problems such as expansion and agglomeration, low thermal conductivity and poor stability. At present, researchers mainly improve the stability of hydrated salts by uniformly dispersing the hydrated salts through the porous matrix loading with high thermal conductivity, and increase the gas diffusion channels and accelerate the reaction rate through micro and nanopores. Therefore, in this paper, the main influencing factors of the performance of CaCl₂ composite thermochemical heat storage materials were analyzed from three aspects: the analysis of the storage/release mechanism, the performance index and the regulation of the physical properties of the composites. It was found that the pore characteristics and salt load of porous matrix were the main influencing factors affecting the heat storage density of composites, and the porous matrix of mesoporous structure was more suitable as a carrier for thermochemical reactions of hydrated salts. At the same time, the addition of magnesium-based salts to form binary salt composites was another effective method to control the physical properties, in which MgCl₂can effectively improve the cycling stability of CaCl₂ and maintain good performance after 50 cycle tests. Finally, important technical directions for future research were pointed out, such as developing porous matrix with mesoporous structures including improvement of the aperture and stability of porous matrix, exploring new binary salt composite materials and matching thermal storage systems with thermal storage materials.

Key words: thermochemical heat storage, calcium chloride, composites, porous matrix, heat storage performance

中图分类号:

TK02

孙忻茹, 张秋怡, 卓建坤, 杨润, 姚强. CaCl₂复合热化学储热材料的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(8): 4506-4515.

SUN Xinru, ZHANG Qiuyi, ZHUO Jiankun, YANG Run, YAO Qiang. Research progress of CaCl₂ composite thermochemical heat storage materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(8): 4506-4515.

图/表 6

参考文献 68

1	LAURA Cozzi, Gül TIMUR. Net Zero by 2050: A Roadmap for the Global Energy Sector[R]. France: IEA, 2021.
2	王亚蓉, 丁静, 陆建峰, 等. 太阳模拟器加热下甲烷重整管式反应器的热化学储能特性[J]. 太阳能学报, 2021, 42(11): 163-168.
	WANG Yarong, DING Jing, LU Jianfeng, et al. Thermochemical energy storage characteristics of methane steam reforming in tube reactor with focused solar simulation[J]. Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica, 2021, 42(11): 163-168.
3	汪德良, 张纯, 杨玉, 等. 基于太阳能光热发电的热化学储能体系研究进展[J]. 热力发电, 2019, 48(7): 1-9.
	WANG Deliang, ZHANG Chun, YANG Yu, et al. Research progress of thermochemical energy storage system based on solar thermal power generation[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2019, 48(7): 1-9.
4	翁立奎, 张叶龙, 姜琳, 等. 基于水合盐的热化学吸附储热技术研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2020, 9(6): 1729-1736.
	WENG Likui, ZHANG Yelong, JIANG Lin, et al. Research progress on thermochemical adsorption heat storage technology based on hydrate[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2020, 9(6): 1729-1736.
5	YAN Ting, ZHANG Hong. A critical review of salt hydrates as thermochemical sorption heat storage materials: Thermophysical properties and reaction kinetics[J]. Solar Energy, 2022, 242: 157-183.
6	ZHAO Qian, LIN Jianquan, HUANG Haotian, et al. Optimization of thermochemical energy storage systems based on hydrated salts: A review[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2021, 244: 111035-111069.
7	ZHOU Hong, ZHANG Dong. Investigation on pH/temperature-manipulated hydrothermally reduced graphene oxide aerogel impregnated with MgCl₂ hydrates for low-temperature thermochemical heat storage[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2022, 241: 111740-111751.
8	BARSK Aleksi, YAZDANI Maryam Roza, KANKKUNEN Ari, et al. Exceptionally high energy storage density for seasonal thermochemical energy storage by encapsulation of calcium chloride into hydrophobic nanosilica capsules[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2023, 251: 112154-112168.
9	MAZUR Natalia, SALVIATI Sergio, HUININK Henk, et al. Impact of polymeric stabilisers on the reaction kinetics of SrBr₂ [J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2022, 238: 111648-111660.
10	MIAO Qi, ZHANG Yelong, JIA Xu, et al. MgSO₄-expanded graphite composites for mass and heat transfer enhancement of thermochemical energy storage[J]. Solar Energy, 2021, 220: 432-439.
11	杨慧, 童莉葛, 尹少武, 等. 水合盐热化学储热材料的研究概述[J]. 材料导报, 2021, 35(17): 17150-17162.
	YANG Hui, TONG Lige, YIN Shaowu, et al. A review on the salt hydrate thermochemical heat storage materials[J]. Materials Reports, 2021, 35(17): 17150-17162.
12	N’TSOUKPOE Kokouvi Edem, RAMMELBERG Holger Urs, LELE Armand Fopah, et al. A review on the use of calcium chloride in applied thermal engineering[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 75: 513-531.
13	DONKERS P A J, PEL L, ADAN O C G. Experimental studies for the cyclability of salt hydrates for thermochemical heat storage[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2016, 5: 25-32.
14	YU N, WANG R Z, WANG L W. Sorption thermal storage for solar energy[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2013, 39(5): 489-514.
15	ZHANG Xueling, WANG Feifei, LEI Xudong, et al. Influential factors and optimization analysis of adsorption refrigeration system performance[J]. AIP Advances, 2020, 10(10): 105315-105327.
16	KEMP R, KEEGAN S E. Calcium Chloride[M]. Germany: Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, 2003: 511-517.
17	FUJIOKA Keiko, SUZUKI Hiroshi. Thermophysical properties and reaction rate of composite reactant of calcium chloride and expanded graphite[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2013, 50(2): 1627-1632.
18	魏思雨. 氯化钙复合吸附剂用于太阳光直驱热化学储热研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2021.
	WEI Siyu. Calcium chloride composite sorbent for solar-driven thermochemical heat storage[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2021.
19	XU J X, LI T X, CHAO J W, et al. High energy-density multi-form thermochemical energy storage based on multi-step sorption processes[J]. Energy, 2019, 185: 1131-1142.
20	YU N, WANG R Z, LU Z S, et al. Evaluation of a three-phase sorption cycle for thermal energy storage[J]. Energy, 2014, 67: 468-478.
21	ROSATO A, SIBILIO S. Preliminary experimental characterization of a three-phase absorption heat pump[J]. International Journal of Refrigeration, 2013, 36(3): 717-729.
22	LU Zisheng, WANG Ruzhu, GORDEEVA Larisa. Novel multi-step sorption-reaction energy storage cycles for air conditioning and temperature upgrading[J]. Energy, 2017, 118: 464-472.
23	罗伊默, 芮金金, 徐薇, 等. 热化学储热反应器内水合盐物性调控及传热传质优化研究进展[J]. 储能科学与技术, 2021, 10(4): 1273-1284.
	LUO Yimo, RUI Jinjin, XU Wei, et al. Research progress on physical property control and heat and mass transfer optimization of hydrated salt in thermochemical heat storage reactor[J]. Energy Storage Science and Technology, 2021, 10(4): 1273-1284.
24	KIMPTON Harriet, ZHANG Xunli, STULZ Eugen. Decarbonising heating and hot water using solar thermal collectors coupled with thermal storage: The scale of the challenge[J]. Energy Reports, 2020, 6: 25-34.
25	OUSALEH Hanane AIT, SAIR Said, MANSOURI Said, et al. Enhanced inorganic salts stability using bentonite clay for high-performance and low-cost thermochemical energy storage[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 49: 104140-104156.
26	MOLENDA Margarethe, STENGLER Jana, LINDER Marc, et al. Reversible hydration behavior of CaCl₂ at high H₂O partial pressures for thermochemical energy storage[J]. Thermochimica Acta, 2013, 560: 76-81.
27	张艳楠, 王如竹, 李廷贤. 蛭石/氯化钙复合吸附剂的吸附特性和储热性能[J]. 化工学报, 2018, 69(1): 363-370.
	ZHANG Yannan, WANG Ruzhu, LI Tingxian. Sorption characteristics and thermal storage performance of expanded vermiculite/CaCl₂ composite sorbent[J]. CIESC Journal, 2018, 69(1): 363-370.
28	GAO Na, DENG Lisheng, LI Jun, et al. Multi-form heat storage performance of expanded graphite based CaCl₂ composites for low-grade heat source[J]. Energy Reports, 2022, 8: 12117-12125.
29	SHI Weina, ZHU Yanqing, SHEN Cong, et al. Water sorption properties of functionalized MIL-101(Cr)-X (X=—NH₂, —SO₃H, H, —CH₃, —F) based composites as thermochemical heat storage materials[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2019, 285: 129-136.
30	CASEY Sean P, ELVINS Jon, RIFFAT Saffa, et al. Salt impregnated desiccant matrices for ‘open’ thermochemical energy storage—Selection, synthesis and characterisation of candidate materials[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2014, 84: 412-425.
31	WEI Siyu, ZHOU Wei, HAN Rui, et al. Scalable production of EP/CaCl₂@C multistage core–shell sorbent for solar-driven sorption heat storage application[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2021, 35(8): 6845-6857.
32	SALGADO-PIZARRO R, CALDERÓN A, SVOBODOVA-SEDLACKOVA A, et al. The relevance of thermochemical energy storage in the last two decades: The analysis of research evolution[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 51: 104377-104389.
33	KUZNIK Frédéric, JOHANNES Kévyn, OBRECHT Christian. Chemisorption heat storage in buildings: State-of-the-art and outlook[J]. Energy and Buildings, 2015, 106: 183-191.
34	AYDIN Devrim, CASEY Sean P, CHEN Xiangjie, et al. Numerical and experimental analysis of a novel heat pump driven sorption storage heater[J]. Applied Energy, 2018, 211: 954-974.
35	WANG Chenxi, ZOU Hao, DU Shuai, et al. Water and heat recovery for greenhouses in cold climates using a solid sorption system[J]. Energy, 2023, 270: 126919-126930.
36	SKRYLNYK Oleksandr, COURBON Emilie, HEYMANS Nicolas, et al. Combined solar thermochemical solid/gas energy storage process for domestic thermal applications: Analysis of global performance[J]. Applied Sciences, 2019, 9(9): 1946-1966.
37	CRESPO Alicia, Cèsar FERNÁNDEZ, David VÉREZ, et al. Thermal performance assessment and control optimization of a solar-driven seasonal sorption storage system for residential application[J]. Energy, 2023, 263: 125382-125398.
38	KUZNIK Frédéric, JOHANNES Kevyn, OBRECHT Christian, et al. A review on recent developments in physisorption thermal energy storage for building applications[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 94: 576-586.
39	CLARK Ruby-Jean, MEHRABADI Abbas, FARID Mohammed. State of the art on salt hydrate thermochemical energy storage systems for use in building applications[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2020, 27: 101145-101163.
40	MOHAMED Zbair, SIMONA Bennici. Survey summary on salts hydrates and composites used in thermochemical sorption heat storage: A review[J]. Energies, 2021, 14(11): 3105-3138.
41	ZHANG Yannan, WANG Ruzhu. Sorption thermal energy storage: Concept, process, applications and perspectives[J]. Energy Storage Materials, 2020, 27: 352-369.
42	顾清之. 镁-氢化镁热化学蓄热系统数值模拟和实验研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2013.
	GU Qingzhi. Numerical simulation and experimental study of magnesium-magnesium hydride themochemical heat storage system[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2013.
43	FOPAH LELE Armand, N’TSOUKPOE Kokouvi Edem, OSTERLAND Thomas, et al. Thermal conductivity measurement of thermochemical storage materials[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2015, 89: 916-926.
44	DONKERS P A J, SÖGÜTOGLU L C, HUININK H P, et al. A review of salt hydrates for seasonal heat storage in domestic applications[J]. Applied Energy, 2017, 199: 45-68.
45	JI J G, WANG R Z, LI L X. New composite adsorbent for solar-driven fresh water production from the atmosphere[J]. Desalination, 2007, 212(1/2/3): 176-182.
46	ZHANG Haiquan, YUAN Yanping, YANG Fan, et al. Inorganic composite adsorbent CaCl₂/MWNT for water vapor adsorption[J]. RSC Advances, 2015, 5(48): 38630-38639.
47	COURBON Emilie, Pierre D’ANS, PERMYAKOVA Anastasia, et al. Further improvement of the synthesis of silica gel and CaCl₂ composites: Enhancement of energy storage density and stability over cycles for solar heat storage coupled with space heating applications[J]. Solar Energy, 2017, 157: 532-541.
48	Amira JABBARI-HICHRI, BENNICI Simona, AUROUX Aline. CaCl₂-containing composites as thermochemical heat storage materials[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2017, 172: 177-185.
49	DRUSKE Mona-Maria, Armand FOPAH-LELE, KORHAMMER Kathrin, et al. Developed materials for thermal energy storage: Synthesis and characterization[J]. Energy Procedia, 2014, 61: 96-99.
50	KORHAMMER Kathrin, DRUSKE Mona-Maria, Armand FOPAH-LELE, et al. Sorption and thermal characterization of composite materials based on chlorides for thermal energy storage[J]. Applied Energy, 2016, 162: 1462-1472.
51	Alenka RISTIĆ, LOGAR Nataša Zabukovec. New composite water sorbents CaCl₂-PHTS for low-temperature sorption heat storage: Determination of structural properties[J]. Nanomaterials, 2018, 9(1): 27-43.
52	TAN Bingqiong, LUO Yanshu, LIANG Xianghui, et al. Composite salt in MIL-101(Cr) with high water uptake and fast adsorption kinetics for adsorption heat pumps[J]. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, 2019, 286: 141-148.
53	PERMYAKOVA Anastasia, WANG Sujing, COURBON Emilie, et al. Design of salt-metal organic framework composites for seasonal heat storage applications[J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, 2017, 5(25): 12889-12898.
54	SILVESTER Lishil, TOULOUMET Quentin, KAMARUDDIN Aiman, et al. Influence of silica functionalization on water sorption and thermochemical heat storage of mesoporous SBA-15/CaCl₂ composites[J]. ACS Applied Energy Materials, 2021, 4(6): 5944-5956.
55	TOULOUMET Quentin, SILVESTER Lishil, BOIS Laurence, et al. Water sorption and heat storage in CaCl₂ impregnated aluminium fumarate MOFs[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2021, 231: 111332-111345.
56	TOULOUMET Quentin, POSTOLE Georgeta, SILVESTER Lishil, et al. Hierarchical aluminum fumarate metal-organic framework-alumina host matrix: Design and application to CaCl₂ composites for thermochemical heat storage[J]. Journal of Energy Storage, 2022, 50: 104702-104715.
57	Amira JABBARI-HICHRI, BENNICI Simona, AUROUX Aline. Enhancing the heat storage density of silica-alumina by addition of hygroscopic salts (CaCl₂, Ba(OH)₂, and LiNO₃)[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2015, 140: 351-360.
58	KALLENBERGER Paul A, POSERN Konrad, LINNOW Kirsten, et al. Alginate-derived salt/polymer composites for thermochemical heat storage[J]. Advanced Sustainable Systems, 2018, 2(7): 1700160-1700168.
59	展佳, 秦善, 高静. 无机水合盐中水的状态与相变潜热的关系[J]. 北京大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 54(1): 80-86.
	ZHAN Jia, QIN Shan, GAO Jing. Storage of water in inorganic salt hydrates and the implications to latent heat in phase changes[J]. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis, 2018, 54(1): 80-86.
60	徐玲, 徐海燕, 吴通好, 等. 新型复合分子筛的合成和催化应用[J]. 催化学报, 2006, 27(12): 1149-1158.
	XU Ling, XU Haiyan, WU Tonghao, et al. Synthesis and catalytic applications of novel composite molecular sieves[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, 2006, 27(12): 1149-1158.
61	MITRA Sourav, MUTTAKIN Mahbubul, Kyaw THU, et al. Study on the influence of adsorbent particle size and heat exchanger aspect ratio on dynamic adsorption characteristics[J]. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2018, 133: 764-773.
62	王利丰. 多级孔材料的合成、表征及催化性能初探[D]. 长春: 吉林大学, 2007.
	WANG Lifeng. Synthesis, characterization, and catalytic properties of hierarchical porous materials[D]. Changchun: Jilin University, 2007.
63	魏思雨, 周伟, 韩瑞, 等. 硅藻土/CaCl₂制备及热化学吸附储热性能研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2022, 43(4): 883-888.
	WEI Siyu, ZHOU Wei, HAN Rui, et al. Development of diatomite/CaCl₂ for thermochemical sorption heat storage[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2022, 43(4): 883-888.
64	VAN DONK Sander, BITTER Johannes H, VERBERCKMOES An, et al. Physicochemical characterization of porous materials: Spatially resolved accessibility of zeolite crystals[J]. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2005, 44(9): 1360-1363.
65	ZOU Ting, FU Wanwan, LIANG Xianghui, et al. Hydrophilic modification of expanded graphite to develop form-stable composite phase change material based on modified CaCl₂·6H₂O[J]. Energy, 2020, 190: 116473-116480.
66	RAMMELBERG Holger U, OSTERLAND Thomas, PRIEHS Boris, et al. Thermochemical heat storage materials—Performance of mixed salt hydrates[J]. Solar Energy, 2016, 136: 571-589.
67	JI Wenjie, ZHANG Heng, LIU Shuli, et al. An experimental study on the binary hydrated salt composite zeolite for improving thermochemical energy storage performance[J]. Renewable Energy, 2022, 194: 1163-1173.
68	ZHANG Xueling, WANG Feifei, ZHANG Qi, et al. Heat storage performance analysis of ZMS-Porous media/CaCl₂/MgSO₄ composite thermochemical heat storage materials[J]. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, 2021, 230: 111246.

多孔基质	孔隙结构				复合材料				参考文献
多孔基质	孔径/nm	微孔容积 /cm³·g^-1	总孔容积 /cm³·g^-1	比表面积 /m²·g^-1	制备方法	CaCl₂质量分数 /%	水蒸气吸收量 /g·g^-1	质量储热密度 /kJ·kg^-1	参考文献
硅胶	12	—	1.06	320	等体积浸渍	43	0.77	1080	[47]
硅胶	2.45	0.381	1.31	785	等体积浸渍	24	0.6	—	[30]
氧化铝	4	—	0.25	214	等体积浸渍	14.4	0.17	576	[48]
膨润土	6	—	0.34	225	等体积浸渍	15.22	0.23	719	[48]
膨胀石墨	218.69	—	0.63	11.51	湿法浸渍	48.1	0.79	1637.6	[28]
活性炭	1.98	0.395	2.365	678	等体积浸渍	24	0.49	—	[30]
	—	—	—	—	湿法浸渍	63	0.24	645	[49]
	0.7~0.3	—	0.7~1.3	1432~1946	真空浸渍	31~58	0.12~0.2	235~298	[50]
蛭石	—	—	2.5	—	湿法浸渍	23.3~47.9	0.58~1.24	1764~4500	[27]
沸石	42.8	0.153	1.489	233	等体积浸渍	24	0.6	—	[30]
PHTS^①	5.6~6.2	0.016~0.037	0.189~0.493	163~461	等体积浸渍	—	0.78~2.24	—	[51]
膨胀珍珠岩	30.88	—	0.03	4	真空浸渍	—	1.22	1080	[31]
MWNT	20	—	—	36~55	研磨混合	50	1.17~1.25	—	[46]
MOF	—	0.47~1.05	1.01~2.49	1706~3279	真空浸渍	43.7~46	0.4~0.6	711~1274	[29]
	1.34	—	1.13	2397	湿法浸渍	52.8	0.98	—	[52]
	—	—	0.5~1.95	1119~3721	湿法浸渍	40~62	—	874.8~1746	[53]
SBA-15	8.2	0.81	1	828	湿法浸渍	76	—	1290.5~1704.5	[54]
富马酸铝	—	0.07	0.54	959	湿法浸渍	25~58	0.37~0.68	998~1840	[55]
富马酸铝/氧化铝	—	0.48	0.72	623	湿法浸渍	23~61	0.29~0.68	998~1938	[56]
硅胶/氧化铝	4.7	—	0.8	628	等体积浸渍	5.3~24.4	—	503~886	[57]
膨润土/石墨	5.35	—	0.062	42.19	等体积浸渍	—	—	854.5	[25]
海藻酸钠	—	—	—	—	水凝胶法	80~90	0.88	1206	[58]

多孔基质	孔隙结构				复合材料				参考文献
多孔基质	孔径/nm	微孔容积 /cm³·g^-1	总孔容积 /cm³·g^-1	比表面积 /m²·g^-1	制备方法	CaCl₂质量分数 /%	水蒸气吸收量 /g·g^-1	质量储热密度 /kJ·kg^-1	参考文献
硅胶	12	—	1.06	320	等体积浸渍	43	0.77	1080	[47]
硅胶	2.45	0.381	1.31	785	等体积浸渍	24	0.6	—	[30]
氧化铝	4	—	0.25	214	等体积浸渍	14.4	0.17	576	[48]
膨润土	6	—	0.34	225	等体积浸渍	15.22	0.23	719	[48]
膨胀石墨	218.69	—	0.63	11.51	湿法浸渍	48.1	0.79	1637.6	[28]
活性炭	1.98	0.395	2.365	678	等体积浸渍	24	0.49	—	[30]
	—	—	—	—	湿法浸渍	63	0.24	645	[49]
	0.7~0.3	—	0.7~1.3	1432~1946	真空浸渍	31~58	0.12~0.2	235~298	[50]
蛭石	—	—	2.5	—	湿法浸渍	23.3~47.9	0.58~1.24	1764~4500	[27]
沸石	42.8	0.153	1.489	233	等体积浸渍	24	0.6	—	[30]
PHTS^①	5.6~6.2	0.016~0.037	0.189~0.493	163~461	等体积浸渍	—	0.78~2.24	—	[51]
膨胀珍珠岩	30.88	—	0.03	4	真空浸渍	—	1.22	1080	[31]
MWNT	20	—	—	36~55	研磨混合	50	1.17~1.25	—	[46]
MOF	—	0.47~1.05	1.01~2.49	1706~3279	真空浸渍	43.7~46	0.4~0.6	711~1274	[29]
	1.34	—	1.13	2397	湿法浸渍	52.8	0.98	—	[52]
	—	—	0.5~1.95	1119~3721	湿法浸渍	40~62	—	874.8~1746	[53]
SBA-15	8.2	0.81	1	828	湿法浸渍	76	—	1290.5~1704.5	[54]
富马酸铝	—	0.07	0.54	959	湿法浸渍	25~58	0.37~0.68	998~1840	[55]
富马酸铝/氧化铝	—	0.48	0.72	623	湿法浸渍	23~61	0.29~0.68	998~1938	[56]
硅胶/氧化铝	4.7	—	0.8	628	等体积浸渍	5.3~24.4	—	503~886	[57]
膨润土/石墨	5.35	—	0.062	42.19	等体积浸渍	—	—	854.5	[25]
海藻酸钠	—	—	—	—	水凝胶法	80~90	0.88	1206	[58]

[1]	杨光, 姜瑞婷, 张玥, 符子剑, 刘伟. 五氧化二钒/碳纳米复合材料在超级电容器中的应用[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(7): 3857-3871.
[2]	赵伟刚, 张倩倩, 蓝钰玲, 闫雯, 周晓剑, 范毜仔, 杜官本. 真空绝热板芯材的研究进展与展望[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(7): 3910-3922.
[3]	江慧珍, 罗凯, 王艳, 费华, 吴登科, 叶卓铖, 曹雄金. 废弃生物质复合相变材料的构建与应用[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(7): 3934-3945.
[4]	杜倩, 侯明, 高冀芸, 杨黎, 鲁元佳, 郭胜惠. f-Ti₃C₂T _x /ZIF-8异质结构增强NO₂气体传感器的敏感性能[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(7): 3946-3954.
[5]	张世蕊, 范朕连, 宋慧平, 张丽娜, 高宏宇, 程淑艳, 程芳琴. 粉煤灰负载光催化材料的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(7): 4043-4058.
[6]	刘梦凡, 王华伟, 王亚楠, 张艳茹, 蒋旭彤, 孙英杰. Bio-FeMnCeO _x 活化PMS降解四环素效能与机制[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(6): 3492-3502.
[7]	杨磊, 邱广薇, 李思言, 葛宏程, 孙园园, 王菲, 范晓光. 基于温度和葡萄糖双重响应性共聚物微囊的胰岛素控释载体[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(6): 3277-3284.
[8]	刘涵, 曲明璐, 叶振东, 杨帆, 黄蓓佳, 张亚宁, 刘洪芝. 钙镁二元盐复合材料的储热性能[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(4): 1764-1773.
[9]	刘雨蓉, 王兴宝, 李文英. 分子筛负载Pt催化剂酸性位点调控及对蒽深度加氢性能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(4): 1832-1839.
[10]	熊文婷, 罗启基, 鄢春根. 二氧化硅基气凝胶材料及其制备技术的专利分析[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(4): 1912-1922.
[11]	郭迎春, 梁晓怿. 柠檬酸改性球形活性炭对氨气吸附性能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(2): 1082-1088.
[12]	见禹, 陈宝明, 宫晗语. 基于分级结构骨架相变储热系统强化传热特性[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(2): 649-658.
[13]	代洪静, 马学虎, 王四芳. 低中放射性废水处理吸附技术及材料[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(1): 529-540.
[14]	张明焱, 刘燕, 张雪婷, 刘亚科, 李从举, 张秀玲. 非贵金属双功能催化剂在锌空气电池研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 276-286.
[15]	胡喜, 王明珊, 李恩智, 黄思鸣, 陈俊臣, 郭秉淑, 于博, 马志远, 李星. 二硫化钨复合材料制备与储钠性能研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 344-355.

CaCl₂复合热化学储热材料的研究进展

Research progress of CaCl₂ composite thermochemical heat storage materials

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 6

参考文献 68

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

水合盐	最高能量密度/GJ∙m^-3	标准摩尔反应焓变/kJ∙mol^-1	吸附温度/℃	脱附温度/℃	30℃时潮解相对湿度/%	循环稳定性/次	成本/EUR∙kg^-1
CaCl₂	2.58	277	32	180	29	20	0.1
MgSO₄	2.27	335.7	25	200	90	7	0.4
MgCl₂	2.48	255	61	130	33	30	0.18
Na₂S	2.79	148	66	80	—	4	0.65
SrBr₂	2.49	337	48	80	60	10	24