温度分级厌氧消化工艺的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-2009

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

温度分级厌氧消化（TPAD）由高温前相和中温后相组成，是近些年来一种实现有机废弃物高效能源化处理的新型厌氧消化工艺，它结合了中温厌氧消化与高温厌氧消化各自反应的优点，有效地提高了有机废弃物的厌氧消化效率，具有广阔的应用前景，是近些年来有机废弃物厌氧消化的一个热点。本文通过梳理近20年来国内外的文献，重点分析了TPAD的优势，从不同角度介绍了TPAD的运行效果，揭示了包括消化基质性质、前后相温度、停留时间、有机负荷以及前相pH在内的各个因素对于TPAD的影响，详细总结了TPAD中微生物的菌群结构及其相互作用，并对TPAD进行了多方面的评估以及对未来的发展方向进行了展望，以期为该工艺的研究与应用提供系统和科学的参考，促进有机废弃物的能源化。

关键词: 生物技术, 厌氧, 影响因素, 温度, 微生物菌群结构

Abstract:

Temperature phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) consists of thermophilic pre-phase and mesophilic post-phase, which is a new type of anaerobic digestion process suitable for energy-based treatment of organic waste in recent years. It combines the advantages of mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion, and effectively improves the anaerobic digestion efficiency of organic wastes. Researches show that it has a broad application prospect and is a hot spot for anaerobic digestion of organic wastes in recent years. In this paper, the advantages of TPAD were analyzed by combing the literature in the past 20 years, and the operational effects and focused on the effects of factors including substrate, temperature of front and post phase, residence time, and pH of the front phase on TPAD were introduced. Moreover, this review summarized the microbial community structures and their interactions in detail. The assessments of TPAD were carried out. Finally, the potential problems that may be encountered in practical application were discussed and the prospective development of TPAD was proposed, in order to provide a systematic and scientific reference for the improvement and application of the process and to promote the energy recovery of organic wastes.

Key words: biotechnology, anaerobic, influence factors, temperature, microbial community structures

中图分类号:

X703

陈翔宇, 卞春林, 肖本益. 温度分级厌氧消化工艺的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4872-4881.

CHEN Xiangyu, BIAN Chunlin, XIAO Benyi. Research progress on temperature phased anaerobic digestion technology[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(9): 4872-4881.

图/表 3

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基质类型	高温前相			中温后相			整个系统			参考文献
基质类型	沼气产量 /L·L^-1·d^-1	气体产率 /mL·g^-1	甲烷含量 /%	沼气产量 /L·L^-1·d^-1	气体产率 /mL·g^-1	甲烷含量 /%	沼气产量 /L·L^-1·d^-1	气体产率 /mL·g^-1	甲烷含量 /%	参考文献
污泥	0.39	0.07	39.4	0.40	0.27	67.7	0.40	330	63.3	[18]
污泥	0.65±0.01	31±0.56	44.3±2.9	0.39±0.01	183±2.08	54.4±3.2	0.52	214±3	53.2	[19]
牛粪	2.2	286	58.0	0.82	265	59.0	1.40	278	58.7	[20]
牛粪	1.18±0.19	179	15.2	2.58±0.11	192	84.8	2.11	186	46.2	[21]
餐厨垃圾	10.40	145	41.0	4.70	330	70.0~80.0	5.84	275	47.0	[22]
餐厨垃圾	0	0	0	3.18	1016±135	59.9	2.54	965±560	59.9	[23]
有机垃圾	3.47	9	—	1.58	13	—	2.53	11	—	[24]
混合污泥	0.95±0.30	—	61.0±1.0	0.87±0.23	—	71.0±1.0	0.90	—	66.5	[25]
污泥与有机垃圾混合物	—	163±14	44.8±1.6	—	172±13	58.7±2.2	—	335±18	57.4	[10]
污泥与有机垃圾混合物	3.30±0.70	75±17	48.0±3.0	1.20±0.30	495±110	63.0±2.0	2.30	285±16	55.5	[26]
甜菜渣与污泥混合物	1.56	190	—	2.03	325	—	1.80	258	—	[16]

基质类型	高温前相			中温后相			整个系统			参考文献
基质类型	沼气产量 /L·L^-1·d^-1	气体产率 /mL·g^-1	甲烷含量 /%	沼气产量 /L·L^-1·d^-1	气体产率 /mL·g^-1	甲烷含量 /%	沼气产量 /L·L^-1·d^-1	气体产率 /mL·g^-1	甲烷含量 /%	参考文献
污泥	0.39	0.07	39.4	0.40	0.27	67.7	0.40	330	63.3	[18]
污泥	0.65±0.01	31±0.56	44.3±2.9	0.39±0.01	183±2.08	54.4±3.2	0.52	214±3	53.2	[19]
牛粪	2.2	286	58.0	0.82	265	59.0	1.40	278	58.7	[20]
牛粪	1.18±0.19	179	15.2	2.58±0.11	192	84.8	2.11	186	46.2	[21]
餐厨垃圾	10.40	145	41.0	4.70	330	70.0~80.0	5.84	275	47.0	[22]
餐厨垃圾	0	0	0	3.18	1016±135	59.9	2.54	965±560	59.9	[23]
有机垃圾	3.47	9	—	1.58	13	—	2.53	11	—	[24]
混合污泥	0.95±0.30	—	61.0±1.0	0.87±0.23	—	71.0±1.0	0.90	—	66.5	[25]
污泥与有机垃圾混合物	—	163±14	44.8±1.6	—	172±13	58.7±2.2	—	335±18	57.4	[10]
污泥与有机垃圾混合物	3.30±0.70	75±17	48.0±3.0	1.20±0.30	495±110	63.0±2.0	2.30	285±16	55.5	[26]
甜菜渣与污泥混合物	1.56	190	—	2.03	325	—	1.80	258	—	[16]

基质		高温前相						中温后相						整个系统		参考文献
基质类型	总固体含量	RT /d	温度 /℃	OLR /g·L^-1·d^-1	pH	VS 去除率/%	COD 去除率/%	RT /d	温度 /℃	OLR /g·L^-1·d^-1	pH	VS 去除率/%	COD 去除率/%	VS 去除率/%	COD 去除率/%	参考文献
污泥	4.61%±0.07%	6	70	－	6.4	33.0±6.0	43.0±2.0	24	35	－	－	44.0±10.0	42.0±17.0	52.0±15.0	53.0±17.0	[18]
污泥	5.41%±0.03%	2	55	26.09±0.25	6.2	24.5±4.4	21.0±2.2	13	35	2.3	7.2	46.7±4.8	48.3±2.5	64.8	59.7	[19]
牛粪	14.54%	4	55	7.70	7.5	21.8±1.9	－	10	35	3.1	7.7	9.5±1.0	－	29.3±2.1	－	[20]
牛粪	5.10%	3	68	－	6.5	28.1±1.5	－	12	55	－	7.5	7.9±2.4	－	36.1±1.4	－	[21]
餐厨垃圾	33.80%	1.3	55	38.40	5.5	77.1	64.4	5	35	6.6	7.5	88.0	83.3	95.7	93.2	[22]
餐厨垃圾	10.69%±0.36%	6	55	3.22	3.8	3.8±3.9	3.7±3.9	24	37	0.9	7.8	77.9±3.9	74.1±2.8	78.6±4.6	77.9±2.3	[23]
有机垃圾	8.97%	4	55	22.41	7.0	－	－	10	37	9.0	7.5	－	－	－	63.5	[24]
混合污泥	32.19g/L	8	55	3.16	7.1	41.0±13.0	43.0±2.0	12	37	2.1	7.2	41.0±8.0	42.0±17.0	50.0±10.0	53.0±17.0	[25]
污泥与有机垃圾混合物	42.20~44.40g/L	3	55	－	7.0	27.3±7.8	45.4±6.5	10	35	－	7.2	－	－	65.1±4.4	63.8±8.9	[10]
污泥与有机垃圾混合物	37.30g/L	1	55	44.57±5.08	7.2	28.4	－	9	35	2.3±0.2	8.1	48.6	－	77.0	－	[26]
甜菜渣与污泥混合物	17.50g/L	10	55	－	7.5	－	－	10	35	2.2	7.2	－	－	77.2	82.8	[16]

基质		高温前相						中温后相						整个系统		参考文献
基质类型	总固体含量	RT /d	温度 /℃	OLR /g·L^-1·d^-1	pH	VS 去除率/%	COD 去除率/%	RT /d	温度 /℃	OLR /g·L^-1·d^-1	pH	VS 去除率/%	COD 去除率/%	VS 去除率/%	COD 去除率/%	参考文献
污泥	4.61%±0.07%	6	70	－	6.4	33.0±6.0	43.0±2.0	24	35	－	－	44.0±10.0	42.0±17.0	52.0±15.0	53.0±17.0	[18]
污泥	5.41%±0.03%	2	55	26.09±0.25	6.2	24.5±4.4	21.0±2.2	13	35	2.3	7.2	46.7±4.8	48.3±2.5	64.8	59.7	[19]
牛粪	14.54%	4	55	7.70	7.5	21.8±1.9	－	10	35	3.1	7.7	9.5±1.0	－	29.3±2.1	－	[20]
牛粪	5.10%	3	68	－	6.5	28.1±1.5	－	12	55	－	7.5	7.9±2.4	－	36.1±1.4	－	[21]
餐厨垃圾	33.80%	1.3	55	38.40	5.5	77.1	64.4	5	35	6.6	7.5	88.0	83.3	95.7	93.2	[22]
餐厨垃圾	10.69%±0.36%	6	55	3.22	3.8	3.8±3.9	3.7±3.9	24	37	0.9	7.8	77.9±3.9	74.1±2.8	78.6±4.6	77.9±2.3	[23]
有机垃圾	8.97%	4	55	22.41	7.0	－	－	10	37	9.0	7.5	－	－	－	63.5	[24]
混合污泥	32.19g/L	8	55	3.16	7.1	41.0±13.0	43.0±2.0	12	37	2.1	7.2	41.0±8.0	42.0±17.0	50.0±10.0	53.0±17.0	[25]
污泥与有机垃圾混合物	42.20~44.40g/L	3	55	－	7.0	27.3±7.8	45.4±6.5	10	35	－	7.2	－	－	65.1±4.4	63.8±8.9	[10]
污泥与有机垃圾混合物	37.30g/L	1	55	44.57±5.08	7.2	28.4	－	9	35	2.3±0.2	8.1	48.6	－	77.0	－	[26]
甜菜渣与污泥混合物	17.50g/L	10	55	－	7.5	－	－	10	35	2.2	7.2	－	－	77.2	82.8	[16]

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