粉煤灰基相变储能材料的制备及性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1236

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

粉煤灰（FA）是燃煤电厂排出的固体废弃物，具有较大的比表面积和较好的吸附活性，利用粉煤灰作为载体吸附相变材料（PCM）可以有效解决相变过程的泄漏问题。本文以正癸酸（CA）和十八醇（OD）为二元相变材料、FA为载体，采用真空吸附法制备了一种正癸酸-十八醇/粉煤灰（CA-OD/FA）定形相变材料（SSPCM），通过单因素和扩散-渗出圈实验分析了制备SSPCM的影响因素，包括PCM质量分数、吸附温度、吸附真空度和吸附时长。通过SEM、FTIR、XRD、DSC和TG等测试了SSPCM的结构及热性能，SEM的微观结构显示PCM均匀填充在FA的表面及孔隙内；FTIR和XRD测试结果表明三种材料之间并未发生化学反应且没有新物质产生；DSC测试表明SSPCM的相变温度和相变潜热分别为27.44℃和37.18J/g，有利于调节室内环境温度，可作为建筑储能材料使用；TG结果表明SSPCM在117.45℃以下不分解，具有良好的热稳定性；经500次的吸放热循环后，SSPCM仍具有良好的热可靠性和化学稳定性，因此该复合材料适用于建筑节能和热回收领域。

关键词: 粉煤灰, 相变材料, 储能, 热性能, 节能

Abstract:

Fly ash (FA) is a solid waste discharged from coal-fired power plants. It can serve as carrier of phase change material (PCM) due to the large specific surface area and good adsorption activity and solve the leakage problem in phase change process effectively. In this paper, a novel CA-OD/FA shape-stabilized phase change material (SSPCM) was prepared via vacuum adsorption method, where a CA-OD binary eutectic system was selected as PCM to store thermal energy, FA was employed as supporting material for preventing the leakage of CA-OD at melting state. The preparation factors of SSPCM were analyzed by single factor and diffusion-exudation circle experiments, including mass fraction of PCM, adsorption temperature, adsorption vacuum and adsorption duration. The structures and thermal properties of the SSPCM were investigated by scanning electronic microscope (SEM), Fourier transformation infrared spectroscope (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analyzer (TG). The SEM results indicated that PCM was evenly filled on the surface and pores of FA. The FTIR and XRD results demonstrated that there was no chemical reaction and no new substances occurred among the three materials. The DSC results revealed that the phase change temperature and latent heat of SSPCM were 27.44℃ and 37.18J/g, respectively, which was conductive to adjust the indoor temperature and was used as building energy storage material. The TG results suggested that the SSPCM would not decompose below 117.45℃ and had excellent thermal stability. The SSPCM still had good thermal reliability and chemical stability after 500 cycles of heat absorption and release. It was considered suitable for the application field of building energy conservation and thermal recovery.

Key words: fly ash, phase change material, energy storage, thermal properties, energy conservation

中图分类号:

TK02

徐玉珍, 蒋达华, 刘景滔, 陈璞. 粉煤灰基相变储能材料的制备及性能[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2595-2605.

XU Yuzhen, JIANG Dahua, LIU Jingtao, CHEN Pu. Preparation and properties of fly ash based phase change energy storage materials[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(5): 2595-2605.

图/表 15

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PCM	熔化温度/℃	实际熔化潜热/J·g^-1	理论熔化潜热/J·g^-1	凝固温度/℃	实际凝固潜热/J·g^-1	理论凝固潜热/J·g^-1	CA-OD的结晶度/%
CA-OD	29.19	166.06	—	25.82	165.52	—	100.00
CA-OD/FA	27.44	37.18	39.85	24.71	34.89	39.72	93.29

PCM	熔化温度/℃	实际熔化潜热/J·g^-1	理论熔化潜热/J·g^-1	凝固温度/℃	实际凝固潜热/J·g^-1	理论凝固潜热/J·g^-1	CA-OD的结晶度/%
CA-OD	29.19	166.06	—	25.82	165.52	—	100.00
CA-OD/FA	27.44	37.18	39.85	24.71	34.89	39.72	93.29

PCM	相变温度/℃	相变潜热/J·g^-1	应用效果	参考文献
LA/MA	31.10	45.30	复合材料具有显著的调温性能	[22]
CA/PA	24.33	66.36	该相变涂层具有优异的蓄热性能和温度调节性能	[37]
LA/MA/PA/SA	32.93	87.67	在低温相变储能领域具有良好的应用前景	[38]
LA/MA/SA	29.74	151.64	PCM石膏板具有更好的储热性能和更长的热舒适时间	[39]
月桂醇/硬脂醇	22.93	205.79	是一种可用于建筑热能储存和室内舒适性的材料	[40]
CA/PA	21.78	154.70	复合材料适用于建筑节能领域	[41]

PCM	相变温度/℃	相变潜热/J·g^-1	应用效果	参考文献
LA/MA	31.10	45.30	复合材料具有显著的调温性能	[22]
CA/PA	24.33	66.36	该相变涂层具有优异的蓄热性能和温度调节性能	[37]
LA/MA/PA/SA	32.93	87.67	在低温相变储能领域具有良好的应用前景	[38]
LA/MA/SA	29.74	151.64	PCM石膏板具有更好的储热性能和更长的热舒适时间	[39]
月桂醇/硬脂醇	22.93	205.79	是一种可用于建筑热能储存和室内舒适性的材料	[40]
CA/PA	21.78	154.70	复合材料适用于建筑节能领域	[41]

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