聚丁二炔气敏传感应用的研究现状及展望

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-2094

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

分析了聚丁二炔作为气敏传感材料的机理，总结了不同结构聚丁二炔衍生物作为气敏传感材料的研究现状。本文以聚氨酯、石墨烯、二硫化钼、纤维素纳米晶等增强材料为例，阐述了聚丁二炔复合材料的气敏增强原理、优点及存在的问题，介绍了如食物腐败的检测、便携腕式传感器等新型传感场合的应用研究。目前，聚丁二炔作为气敏传感材料还处于起步阶段，光学转变机理不明确、侧基改性工艺烦琐、官能团种类有限、易受环境影响失效等问题都亟待解决；未来应拓宽对增强材料的选择，调控复合材料的结构以实现对待测气体的高选择性和高灵敏度响应，更要发挥聚丁二炔复合材料成型工艺简单、与环境相容性好的优点，制备更具功能化的气敏材料。

关键词: 聚丁二炔, 气敏材料, 侧基, 选择性

Abstract:

The mechanism of polydiacetylene as gas sensing material was analyzed in this paper. The principle of gas sensing performance enhancement, advantages, as well as existing problems were clarified in reference to the reinforcing material, i.e., polyurethane, graphene, molybdenum disulfide and cellulose nanocrystalline. The application of new sensors such as food spoilage detection and portable wrist sensor was also introduced. Polydiacetylene as gas sensing material was still in its infancy. Some problems needed to be solved urgently, such as the lack of clarity about the mechanism of optical transformation, cumbersome side chain modification process, limited choice of functional groups and vulnerability to lose efficacy. The selection of reinforcement materials should be expanded and the structure of composite should be adjusted to achieve high selectivity and sensitivity response to the measured gas in future studies. It was necessary to make good use of the advantages of simple molding process and good compatibility with the environment of polydiacetylene composite to prepare more functional gas sensing materials.

Key words: polydiacetylene, gas sensing materials, side group, selectivity

中图分类号:

TH34

戈明亮, 何梓宇. 聚丁二炔气敏传感应用的研究现状及展望[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(8): 4268-4276.

GE Mingliang, HE Ziyu. Review and perspective of gas sensing application based on polydiacetylene[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(8): 4268-4276.

图/表 8

图1 聚丁二炔合成与受刺激变色示意图

图2 聚丁二炔阵列传感器的设计示意图[27]

图3 PDA/PU复合材料暴露在不同浓度VOCs下的摄影图像[33]

图4 材料暴露于浓度为1000mg/L不同气体下的荧光动力学曲线[41]

图5 复合材料的原子力显微镜图[44]

图6 PDA/ZnO空气净化器示意图[45]

图7 PDA/MoS2柔性气敏腕带设计图[46]

图8 传感器用于检测变质肉类的效果图[50]

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