基于焓-熵-㶲平衡的无盖板PV/T系统热力学分析与优化

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-2135

化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 1840-1847.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-2135

基于焓-熵-㶲平衡的无盖板PV/T系统热力学分析与优化

马进伟¹(), 方浩¹, 陈茜茜¹(), 陈海飞², 童维维¹

^1.安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院，安徽合肥 230601
^2.常州大学石油工程学院，江苏常州 213016

收稿日期:2021-10-17 修回日期:2021-12-15 出版日期:2022-04-23 发布日期:2022-04-25
通讯作者: 马进伟,陈茜茜
作者简介:马进伟（1986—），男，副教授，研究方向为太阳能综合利用。E-mail：majw@mail.ustc.edu.cn。
基金资助:
安徽高校协同创新项目(GXXT—2019—019);中国科协优秀中外青年交流计划（2019年度）;安徽省教育厅高校优秀拔尖人才培育项目（2020年度）;安徽省重点研究与开发计划(202004a07020049);国家自然科学基金(51906020);安徽省教育厅高校研究生科学研究项目(YJS20210503)

Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of unglazed PV/T system based on enthalpy-entropy-exergy equilibrium

MA Jinwei¹(), FANG Hao¹, CHEN Qianqian¹(), CHEN Haifei², TONG Weiwei¹

^1.School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, Anhui, China
^2.School of Petroleum Engineering, Changzhou University, Chanzghou 213016, Jiangsu, China

Received:2021-10-17 Revised:2021-12-15 Online:2022-04-23 Published:2022-04-25
Contact: MA Jinwei,CHEN Qianqian

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

光伏全覆盖的无盖板光伏/热（PV/T）系统结构简单，电性能优异而热效率偏低，有关其能量损失的研究还少有涉及。本文基于热力学第一、第二定律分别建立无盖板PV/T的能量平衡方程，搭建实验平台开展系统在不同温度、流量工况下的性能测试，结合电池温度曲线验证工质的冷却效果，并从焓-熵-?的角度对系统的热力学特性进行分析。研究发现，水冷通道提升了光伏组件的效率和温度场的均匀性，同时缩短水集热过程的时间将有助于系统节能和增加能量收益；环境温度是影响PV/T系统热效率、热?效率以及热损失率的重要因素，电效率则受流量变化的影响更为明显。测试条件下，无盖板PV/T系统的电、热、综合效率的最大值分别为17.36%、25.37%、70.12%，较高的电效率保证了能量收集的品质，而热水收集温度可以通过调节流量大小以满足生活需求。增大流量能够提高PV/T系统的?效率，结合水泵运行的优化方案可进一步提升系统的经济性；系统熵增与?效率呈负相关性，随流量的增大呈降低的趋势。数据显示，流量0.06kg/s时PV/T的?效率达到最大值19.05%，对应的熵为最小值0.0191kW·h/K。

关键词: 太阳能, 光伏/热, 焓, 熵, ?, 热力学, 能量损失

Abstract:

The unglazed PV/T system with full photovoltaic coverage has a simple structure and excellent electrical performance, but its thermal efficiency is low and the study on its energy loss is rare. In this paper, based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics, the energy balance equations of unglazed PV/T were established respectively, and an experimental platform was built to carry out the performance test under different temperatures and flow conditions. The cooling effect of working medium was verified by combining the temperature curve of the PV cell, and the thermodynamic characteristics of the system was analyzed from the perspective of enthalpy-entropy-exergy. It was found that the water-cooled channel improves the efficiency of photovoltaic modules and the uniformity of the temperature field, and shortening the water heat collection time contributes to energy saving and revenue. Ambient temperature was an important factor affecting the thermal efficiency, thermal exergy efficiency and heat loss rate of PV/T system, while the electrical efficiency was more obviously affected by the flow rate. Under the test conditions, the maximum electrical, thermal, and comprehensive efficiencies of the unglazed PV/T system were 17.36%, 25.37%, and 70.12%, respectively. The high electrical efficiency ensures the quality of energy collection, and the water collection temperature could be adjusted by the flow to meet the needs of life. Increasing the flow rate could improve the exergy efficiency of the PV/T, and the optimization plan involving the pump can further improve the economy of the system. The increase of system entropy was negatively correlated with the exergic efficiency, and it showed a decreasing trend with the increase of flow rate. The data showed that the exergy efficiency of the PV/T system reached the maximum value of 19.05% when the flow rate was 0.06kg/s, corresponding to a minimum entropy of 0.0191kW·h/K.

Key words: solar energy, PV/T, enthalpy, entropy, exergy, thermodynamics, energy loss

中图分类号:

TK519

马进伟, 方浩, 陈茜茜, 陈海飞, 童维维. 基于焓-熵-㶲平衡的无盖板PV/T系统热力学分析与优化[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(4): 1840-1847.

MA Jinwei, FANG Hao, CHEN Qianqian, CHEN Haifei, TONG Weiwei. Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of unglazed PV/T system based on enthalpy-entropy-exergy equilibrium[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(4): 1840-1847.

图/表 10

参考文献 14

1	董丹, 秦红, 刘重裕, 等. 太阳能光伏/热(PV/T)技术的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2013, 32(5): 1020-1024.
	DONG Dan, QIN Hong, LIU Chongyu, et al. Research progress in solar photovoltaic/thermal（PV/T） technology[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2013, 32(5): 1020-1024.
2	SULTAN S M, EFZAN M N E. Review on recent photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) technology advances and applications[J]. Solar Energy, 2018, 173(10): 939-954.
3	王博飞, 李舒宏. 光伏光热一体化系统流量的分析与优化[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(10): 3826-3831.
	WANG Bofei, LI Shuhong. Analysis and optimization of the flow rate of the PV/T system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(10): 3826-3831.
4	PANG W, CUI Y, ZHANG Q, et al. Experimental effect of high mass flow rate and volume cooling on performance of a water-type PV/T collector[J]. Solar Energy, 2019, 188: 1360-1368.
5	梁子伟, 简林桦, 闫金州,等. PV/T集热器优化设计及实验[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(5): 1326-1331.
	LIANG Ziwei, JIAN Linhua, YAN Jinzhou, et al. Optimization design and experimental study on collector of photovoltaic/thermal[J]．Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2016, 35(5): 1326-1331.
6	KAZEMIAN A, HOSSEINZADEH M, SARDARABADI M, et al. Effect of glass cover and working fluid on the performance of photovoltaic thermal (PVT) system: an experimental study[J]. Solar Energy, 2018, 173(10): 1002-1010.
7	KAZEMIAN A, TAHERI A, SARDARABADI A, et al. Energy, exergy and environmental analysis of glazed and unglazed PVT system integrated with phase change material: an experimental approach[J]. Solar Energy, 2020, 201(5): 178-189.
8	BHAKRE S S, SAWARKAR P D, KALAMKAR V R. Performance evaluation of PV panel surfaces exposed to hydraulic cooling—A review[J]. Solar Energy, 2021, 224(8): 1193-1209.
9	ASTE N, PERO C D, LEONFORTE F. Water flat plate PV-thermal collectors: a review[J]. Solar Energy, 2014, 102(4): 98-115.
10	GRANSTRÖM M, PETRITSCH K, ARIAS A C P, et al. Laminated fabrication of polymeric photovoltaic diodes[J]. Nature, 1998, 395(6699): 257-260.
11	PARK S R, PANDEY A K, TYAGI V V, et al. Energy and exergy analysis of typical renewable energy systems[J]. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2014, 30(2): 105-123.
12	FUDHOLI A, ZOHRI M, JIN G L, et al. Energy and exergy analyses of photovoltaic thermal collector with ∇-groove[J]. Solar Energy, 2018, 159(1): 742-750.
13	ZHU T T, DIAO Y H, ZHAO Y H, et al. Experimental study on the thermal performance and pressure drop of a solar air collector based on flat micro-heat pipe arrays[J]. Energy Conversion and Management, 2015, 94(2): 447-457.
14	JOSHI S S, DHOBLE A S. Photovoltaic-thermal systems (PVT): technology review and future trends[J]. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2018, 92(9): 848-882.

直接测量参数	型号	精度
太阳辐照强度	TBQ-2	±2%
温度	TYPE-T	±0.5℃
流量	YH-LWGYJD	±0.5%
电流	WBI022F21-1.0A	±0.5%
功率	HIOKI LR8402-21	±0.2%

直接测量参数	型号	精度
太阳辐照强度	TBQ-2	±2%
温度	TYPE-T	±0.5℃
流量	YH-LWGYJD	±0.5%
电流	WBI022F21-1.0A	±0.5%
功率	HIOKI LR8402-21	±0.2%

组别	流量 /kg·s^-1	环境温度 /℃	水箱温升 /℃	电效率 /%	热效率 /%	综合效率 /%	热损失率 /%
第一组	0.02	24.68	17.78	16.60	22.62	66.30	60.78
	—		—	15.37	—	40.45	84.62
第二组	0.03	23.50	16.76	16.85	20.03	64.38	63.11
第三组	0.04	30.97	15.31	17.01	25.37	70.12	57.62
第四组	0.05	18.81	12.94	17.23	16.74	62.08	65.84
第五组	0.06	22.23	11.73	17.36	21.08	66.76	61.53

组别	流量 /kg·s^-1	环境温度 /℃	水箱温升 /℃	电效率 /%	热效率 /%	综合效率 /%	热损失率 /%
第一组	0.02	24.68	17.78	16.60	22.62	66.30	60.78
	—		—	15.37	—	40.45	84.62
第二组	0.03	23.50	16.76	16.85	20.03	64.38	63.11
第三组	0.04	30.97	15.31	17.01	25.37	70.12	57.62
第四组	0.05	18.81	12.94	17.23	16.74	62.08	65.84
第五组	0.06	22.23	11.73	17.36	21.08	66.76	61.53

辐照?系数 /%	电量? /kW·h	热量? /kW·h	电?效率 /%	热?效率 /%	系统? 效率/%	熵增 /kW·h·K^-1
93.10	1.75	0.026	17.82	0.26	18.08	0.0270
	1.62	—	16.50	—	16.50	0.0275
93.15	1.67	0.026	18.13	0.28	18.41	0.0253
92.98	1.40	0.009	18.32	0.12	18.44	0.0205
93.26	1.33	0.040	18.45	0.55	19.00	0.0200
93.18	1.30	0.026	18.68	0.37	19.05	0.0191

基于焓-熵-㶲平衡的无盖板PV/T系统热力学分析与优化

Thermodynamic analysis and optimization of unglazed PV/T system based on enthalpy-entropy-exergy equilibrium

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 10

参考文献 14

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

优化前（水泵运行8h）		优化后（水泵运行6h）
净电量 /kW·h	净电?效率 /%	净电量 /kW·h	净电?效率 /%	效率相对提升 /%
1.03	10.49	1.21	12.32	17.45
0.95	10.31	1.13	12.27	19.01
0.68	8.90	0.86	11.26	26.52
0.61	8.46	0.79	10.96	29.55
0.58	8.33	0.76	10.92	31.09

[1]	王胜岩, 邓帅, 赵睿恺. 变电吸附二氧化碳捕集技术研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 233-245.
[2]	董佳宇, 王斯民. 超声强化对二甲苯结晶特性及调控机理实验[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4504-4513.
[3]	杨莹, 侯豪杰, 黄瑞, 崔煜, 王兵, 刘健, 鲍卫仁, 常丽萍, 王建成, 韩丽娜. 利用煤焦油中酚类物质Stöber法制备碳纳米球用于CO₂吸附[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 5011-5018.
[4]	叶振东, 刘涵, 吕静, 张亚宁, 刘洪芝. 基于钙镁二元盐的热化学储能反应器的性能优化[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(8): 4307-4314.
[5]	李吉焱, 景艳菊, 邢郭宇, 刘美辰, 龙永, 朱照琪. 耐盐型太阳能驱动界面光热材料及蒸发器的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(7): 3611-3622.
[6]	杨许召, 李庆, 袁康康, 张盈盈, 韩敬莉, 吴诗德. 含Gemini离子液体低共熔溶剂热力学性质[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(6): 3123-3129.
[7]	张晨宇, 王宁, 徐洪涛, 罗祝清. 纳米颗粒强化传热的多级潜热储热器性能评价[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2332-2342.
[8]	符淑瑢, 王丽娜, 王东伟, 刘蕊, 张晓慧, 马占伟. 析氧助催化剂增强光阳极光电催化分解水性能研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2353-2370.
[9]	马润梅, 杨海超, 李正大, 李双喜, 赵祥, 章国庆. 表面强化镀层对高速轴承腔密封端面变形及摩擦磨损影响分析[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(4): 1688-1697.
[10]	贺山明, 潘界昌, 徐国钻, 李文君, 梁勇. 粗钨酸钠溶液亚铁盐沉淀法除铬、钒的热力学分析及实验验证[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(4): 2171-2179.
[11]	王晓月, 张伟敏, 姚正阳, 郭晓宏, 李聪明. 逆水煤气变换反应研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(3): 1583-1594.
[12]	孙潇, 朱光涛, 裴爱国. 氢液化装置产业化与研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(3): 1103-1117.
[13]	杜涛, 马进伟, 陈茜茜, 方浩, 陈秉章, 陈厚仁. PV/T模块复合冷却模式性能对比测试与数值模拟分析[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 722-730.
[14]	张赫, 李小可, 熊颖, 文劲. 基于水凝胶界面光蒸发的压裂返排液脱盐降污处理[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 1073-1079.
[15]	陈佳昆, 汤健, 夏恒, 乔俊飞. 城市固废炉排炉焚烧过程二𫫇英排放浓度数值仿真[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 1061-1072.