聚丙烯酰胺对高黏油-水环状流流动特性的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0420

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (3): 1157-1166.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0420

• 化工过程与装备 • 上一篇

聚丙烯酰胺对高黏油-水环状流流动特性的影响

尹晓云¹^,²(), 李静¹^,², 林冬¹^,², 胡金燕¹^,², 张良¹^,², 敬加强³^,⁴(), KARIMOV Rinat M⁵, 孙杰³^,⁴

^1.中国石油西南油气田分公司安全环保与技术监督研究院，四川成都 610041
^2.页岩气评价与开采四川省重点实验室，四川成都 610041
^3.西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院，四川成都 610500
^4.油气消防四川省重点实验室，四川成都 611731
^5.Department of Transport and Storage of Oil and Gas，Ufa State Petroleum Technological University，Russia Ufa 450062

收稿日期:2023-03-20 修回日期:2023-09-29 出版日期:2024-03-10 发布日期:2024-04-11
通讯作者: 敬加强
作者简介:尹晓云（1995—），女，博士，在站博士后，研究方向为油气集输多相流、油气田节能减排。E-mail：yinxy0122@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(U19B2012);四川省自然科学基金(2023NSFSC0924)

Effect of polyacrylamide on flow characteristics of highly viscous oil-water annular flow

YIN Xiaoyun¹^,²(), LI Jing¹^,², LIN Dong¹^,², HU Jinyan¹^,², ZHANG Liang¹^,², JING Jiaqiang³^,⁴(), KARIMOV Rinat M⁵, SUN Jie³^,⁴

^1.Safety, Environment and Technology Supervision Research Institute of PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
^2.Shale Gas Evaluation and Exploitation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
^3.School of Oil & Natural Gas Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
^4.Oil & Gas Fire Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 611731, Sichuan, China
^5.Department of Transport and Storage of Oil and Gas, Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa 450062, Russia

Received:2023-03-20 Revised:2023-09-29 Online:2024-03-10 Published:2024-04-11
Contact: JING Jiaqiang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对稠油水环输送的水环流动改进问题，提出稠油流动边界层在聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）水环作用下的模拟实验方法，基于自主研发设计的室内油-水两相流可视化环道实验装置，采用500#白油模拟旅大稠油，实验研究了稠油-水环状流外环水相中添加PAM前后的流型特征与阻力特性，评价了PAM对水环润滑的协同减阻效果，分析了PAM对水环流动稳定性的作用机理。实验结果表明：PAM对稠油-水环状流的流型特征与阻力特性均有显著影响，使环状流的分布区域缩小，其缩减区域转变为分层流和塞状流，当其为分层流时减阻作用丧失；当油相表观流速为0.23～0.90m/s时，PAM减阻率随含水率增加先迅速增大后缓慢减小，在测试范围内最高达35%。研究结果可为稠油水环输送工艺优化提供理论指导和技术支持，也可为稠油管输流动改进提供新理念与新方法。

关键词: 聚丙烯酰胺, 油水环状流, 流型转变, 压力梯度, 减阻率

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of flowability improvement of water annulus for heavy oil transportation in water ring, a simulation experiment method for heavy oil flow boundary layer under the action of water ring with anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) was proposed. On the basis of self-developed design of indoor visualization experimental loop device of heavy oil-water two-phase flow, taking 500# industrial white oil as simulated oil sample of Lyuda highly viscous oil, the flow regime characteristics and friction resistance properties of heavy oil-water annular flow before and after the addition of PAM in outer aqueous phase were investigated experimentally. The synergistic drag reduction effect of PAM on water ring lubrication was evaluated, and the mechanism of PAM on flow stability of water ring was analyzed. The experimental results showed that the presence of PAM had a significant effect on the flow pattern and resistance characteristics of heavy oil-water annular flow. After the addition of PAM, the region of annular flow reduced and changed to either stratified flow or plug flow, and when it transformed into stratified flow, the drag reduction effect of PAM was lost. As the oil superficial velocity varied from 0.23m/s to 0.90m/s, with the raise in water volume fraction, the drag reduction rate first increased rapidly and then decreased slowly. The maximum drag reduction rate in the test range reached 35%. The research results could provide a theoretical guidance and technical support for the technology optimization of heavy oil-water ring transportation, as well as a new concept and method for the flow improvement of heavy oil pipeline transportation.

Key words: polyacrylamide, oil-water annular flow, flow regime transition, pressure gradient, drag reduction rate

中图分类号:

TE866

尹晓云, 李静, 林冬, 胡金燕, 张良, 敬加强, KARIMOV Rinat M, 孙杰. 聚丙烯酰胺对高黏油-水环状流流动特性的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(3): 1157-1166.

YIN Xiaoyun, LI Jing, LIN Dong, HU Jinyan, ZHANG Liang, JING Jiaqiang, KARIMOV Rinat M, SUN Jie. Effect of polyacrylamide on flow characteristics of highly viscous oil-water annular flow[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(3): 1157-1166.

图/表 14

图1 500#白油的流变特性及黏温特性

表1 实验用减阻剂聚丙烯酰胺的基本性质及来源

代号	主要成分	分子量	离子性	纯度	水解度/%	外观形态	来源
PAM	聚丙烯酰胺	2400万	阴离子型	≥90%	25～30	白色固体粉末	河南凯特瑞水处理材料有限公司

图2 PAM水溶液的流变特性

图3 实验装置

图4 不同浓度PAM水溶液的摩阻系数与雷诺数关系曲线

图5 不同浓度PAM水溶液的减阻率与雷诺数关系曲线

图6 添加PAM前油水两相流流型

图7 添加PAM后油水两相流流型

图8 添加PAM前后流型转变示例

图9 添加PAM前后流型结构对比示例

图10 添加PAM前后含水率对压力梯度的影响

图11 添加PAM前后油水两相流压力梯度对比

图12 添加PAM前后所拍摄的流型图对比

图13 PAM减阻率随含水率的变化曲线

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聚丙烯酰胺对高黏油-水环状流流动特性的影响

Effect of polyacrylamide on flow characteristics of highly viscous oil-water annular flow

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