非稳态体系合成聚丙烯酰胺

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-2245

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 主要研究了非稳态体系中合成聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）。非稳态体系即在油包水的环境下，通过剧烈搅拌使单体水溶液在油相中分散成小液滴进行自由基聚合，可有效地提高体系的散热效率，同时可大幅提高聚合物的固体质量分数。非稳态体系停止搅拌后，聚合物颗粒与油相可以自行分层，过滤、洗涤后就可以得到较纯的PAM。实验以聚二甲基硅氧烷为油相，探究了丙烯酰胺单体在非稳态体系中，不同聚合温度、单体水溶液浓度和pH的聚合效果，以及油水比、搅拌速度对体系内聚合物的固体质量分数、粒径的影响，并用游标卡尺精确测量颗粒的粒径。同时，用溴化法和一点法分别测量反应转化率和分子量，采用红外透射光谱和核磁共振氢谱的表征手段，对非稳态体系聚合的产品进行分析。结果表明，非稳态体系在4：3的油水比和大于300r/min的转速下，可合成转化率超过99%、溶解性优良的高分子量的聚丙烯酰胺产品颗粒。

关键词: 非稳态, 油包水, 固体质量分数, 聚丙烯酰胺

Abstract: The synthesis of polyacrylamide was explored in the system of unsteady state. The unsteady system is a kind of water-in-oil environment where acrylamide aqueous solution was dispersed into small droplets by vigorous stirring. This method could effectively improve the heat removel of the polymerization reaction and increase the solid content of the polymer as well. Furthermore, the polymer particles and the oil phase could be splitted spontaneously. And pure PAM was obtained by subsquent filtering and washing. Dihydroxypolydimethylsiloxane was used as the oil phase of the unsteady system. The experiments were carried out under different temperature, and with monomer aqueous solution concentration and pH. Besides, the effects of oil-water ratio and stirring speed on the solid content and particles size were studied respectively in unsteady system. The particle size was measured precisely by vernier caliper. The reaction conversion rate and the molecular weight were measured by the bromination method and the one-point method, respectively. The product of the unsteady system was analyzed by FTIR and ¹H NMR. Finally, the results cinfirm that the polyacrylamide particles with high molecular weight and good solubility were synthesized successfully in the unsteady system. And the conversion rate of polyacrylamide reached 99% at the oil-water ratio of 4:3 and the stirring speed more than 300r/min.

Key words: unstead system, water in oil, solid content, polyacrylamide

中图分类号:

TQ316.37

魏哲, 王旭, 王传兴. 非稳态体系合成聚丙烯酰胺[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(09): 3585-3591.

WEI Zhe, WANG Xu, WANG Chuanxing. Synthesis of polyacrylamide in unsteady system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(09): 3585-3591.

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