基于水泥窑脱硝的碳基还原NO x 研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1894

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (9): 4882-4893.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1894

基于水泥窑脱硝的碳基还原NO _x 研究进展

李东泽¹(), 张祥², 田键²^,³, 胡攀², 姚杰⁴, 朱林⁵, 卜昌盛¹, 王昕晔¹()

^1.南京师范大学能源与机械工程学院，江苏南京 210023
^2.湖北大学材料科学与工程学院，湖北武汉 430062
^3.湖北湖大天沭新能源材料工业研究设计院有限公司，湖北武汉 430062
^4.国电环境保护研究院有限公司，江苏南京 211800
^5.南京工业大学能源科学与工程学院，江苏南京 211816

收稿日期:2022-10-12 修回日期:2023-01-01 出版日期:2023-09-15 发布日期:2023-09-28
通讯作者: 王昕晔
作者简介:李东泽（1997—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为燃烧污染物控制。E-mail：dongze.li@foxmail.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52176115);江苏省重点研发计划(BE2019701);江苏省生态环境科研课题(2020002)

Research progress of NO _x reduction by carbonaceous substances for denitration in cement kiln

LI Dongze¹(), ZHANG Xiang², TIAN Jian²^,³, HU Pan², YAO Jie⁴, ZHU Lin⁵, BU Changsheng¹, WANG Xinye¹()

^1.School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
^2.School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
^3.Tianshu New Energy Material Industry Research and Design Institute of Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, Hubei, China
^4.State Power Environmental Protection Research Institute, Nanjing 211800, Jiangsu, China
^5.School of Energy Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, Jiangsu, China

Received:2022-10-12 Revised:2023-01-01 Online:2023-09-15 Published:2023-09-28
Contact: WANG Xinye

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着水泥行业“超低排放”的推进，NO _x 排放要求逐步向100mg/m³甚至50mg/m³看齐。水泥窑碳基脱硝通过控制煤粉燃烧产生焦炭和CO还原NO _x，具有无须添加脱硝剂、避免氨逃逸、与生产流程结合良好、改造和运行成本低的优势，可作为水泥行业实现“超低排放”的辅助工艺。本文首先介绍了碳基脱硝的主要实施方式，包括回转窑低氮燃烧、分解炉分级燃烧和增设还原区等。然后讨论了焦炭和CO还原NO _x 的特性和机制。焦炭还原效果与其比表面积和活性位点有关。CO还原反应可在无催化条件下发生，但CO体积分数小于1%时效果可以忽略。焦炭、CaO和煤灰等可作为催化剂，将CO还原NO的温度窗口下限从900℃降低至600~800℃。最后综述了CO对选择性非催化法（SNCR）的影响及其机制，认为碳基脱硝与氨基脱硝具有耦合协同潜质。水泥窑碳基脱硝的进一步研究可以关注以下方面：在更为全面和系统的工况下评价脱硝特性，试验和理论结合明确脱硝机制，开发碳基与氨基协同脱硝技术等。

关键词: 水泥窑, 脱硝, 焦炭, 一氧化碳, 催化, 氧化钙, 飞灰

Abstract:

With the popularization of “ultra-low emission” standard in cement industry, the NO _x emission limit is gradually reduced to 100mg/m³ or even 50mg/m³. The carbonaceous denitration in cement kiln is carried out by controlling pulverized coal combustion to produce coke and CO as the NO _x reducing agent. It has the advantages of no additional denitration agents, no ammonia emission, good compatibility with the cement production processes and low cost of technical revamp and operation, providing the auxiliary processes for the cement industry to achieve the “ultra-low emission” standard. In this paper, the main implementations of carbonaceous substance denitration were introduced, including the low nitrogen oxide burning in rotary kiln, the staged combustion in decomposition furnace and the addition of reduction zone. Then, the characteristics and mechanism of NO _x reduction by coke and CO were discussed. The reduction effects of coke are related to its specific surface area and reactive sites. The CO reduction can occur without catalysis, but the efficiency could be ignored when CO concentration is less than 1%. Coke, CaO and coal ash act as catalysts to reduce the lower temperature window limit of NO reduction by CO from 900℃ to 600—800℃. Finally, the influence of CO on SNCR and its mechanism were summarized. It is considered that carbonaceous denitrification and amino denitrification could be coupling and work together. Further research on carbonaceous denitration in cement kilns could focus on the following aspects: evaluating the denitration characteristics under more comprehensive and systematic conditions, clarifying the denitration mechanism by combining experimental and theoretical investigation, and developing the combined technology of carbonaceous denitrification and amino denitrification.

Key words: cement kiln, denitration, coke, carbon monoxide, catalysis, calcium oxide, fly ash

中图分类号:

TQ172

李东泽, 张祥, 田键, 胡攀, 姚杰, 朱林, 卜昌盛, 王昕晔. 基于水泥窑脱硝的碳基还原NO _x 研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4882-4893.

LI Dongze, ZHANG Xiang, TIAN Jian, HU Pan, YAO Jie, ZHU Lin, BU Changsheng, WANG Xinye. Research progress of NO _x reduction by carbonaceous substances for denitration in cement kiln[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(9): 4882-4893.

图/表 9

参考文献 66

1	刘作毅. 水泥产量变化解读(上)[J]. 中国建材, 2021, 70(8): 101-107.
	LIU Zuoyi. Interpretation of changes in cement annual output (part1)[J]. China Building Materials, 2021, 70 (8): 101-107.
2	胡和兵, 王牧野, 吴勇民, 等. 氮氧化物的污染与治理方法[J]. 环境保护科学, 2006, 32(4): 5-9.
	HU Hebing, WANG Muye, WU Yongmin, et al. Pollution of nitrogen oxides and its treating method[J]. Environmental Protection Science, 2006, 32(4): 5-9.
3	余其俊, 陈容, 张同生, 等. 水泥工业烟气脱硫脱硝技术研究进展[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2020, 39(7): 2015-2032.
	YU Qijun, CHEN Rong, ZHANG Tongsheng, et al. Recent development of flue gas de-SO₂ and de-NO _x technology for cement industry[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2020, 39(7): 2015-2032.
4	贾华平. 概论水泥窑脱硝的技术路线[J]. 中国水泥, 2022(3): 60-64.
	JIA Huaping. The introduction about the technical route of denitrification in cement kiln[J]. China Cement, 2022(3): 60-64.
5	王建, 龚志军, 孟昭磊, 等. 白云鄂博稀土尾矿催化CO还原NO实验研究[J]. 稀有金属与硬质合金, 2020, 48(3): 38-44.
	WANG Jian, GONG Zhijun, MENG Zhaolei, et al. Experimental study on catalytic reduction of NO with CO by Bayan Obo rare earth tailings[J]. Rare Metals and Cemented Carbides, 2020, 48(3): 38-44.
6	高密军, 罗振. 我国水泥厂脱硝技术现状问题及展望[C]//2017水泥工业污染防治最佳使用技术研讨会会议文集. 合肥: 中国建材集团水泥科技培训中心, 2017: 234-237.
	GAO Mijun, LUO Zhen. Technical problems and prospects of denitrification in China’s cement plant[C]//2017 Reference Document on Best Available Techniques for Cement Industries Pollution Prevention and Control. Hefei: China Building Materials Group Cement Technology Training Center, 2017: 234-237.
7	崔恒波, 陈杰, 鲍玉进, 等. 水泥窑分级燃烧CO还原NO研究[J]. 水泥, 2021(10): 29-30.
	CUI Hengbo, CHEN Jie, BAO Yujin, et al. Research on NO reduction of the staged combustion about CO in cement kiln[J]. Cement, 2021(10): 29-30.
8	吾慧星. 水泥窑炉煤基-NO _x 深度还原特性试验研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院大学, 2021.
	WU Huixing. Experimental study on deep reduction characteristic of NO _x with coal-based reductant in a cement kiln[D]. Beijing: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2021.
9	胡芝娟. 分解炉氮氧化物转化机理及控制技术研究[D]. 武汉: 华中科技大学, 2004.
	HU Zhijuan. The study on mechanism of nitrogen oxides transformation and control technology for precalciner[D]. Wuhan: Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 2004.
10	赵睿敏, 于永现, 凌金辉, 等. 脱硝分解炉的设计及实际应用[J]. 水泥技术, 2022(2): 40-45.
	ZHAO Ruimin, YU Yongxian, LING Jinhui, et al. Design and practical application of denitration calciner[J]. Cement Technology, 2022(2): 40-45.
11	王新频, 赵娇, 乔彬, 等. 国内外水泥熟料生产线降氮脱硝技术及应用(上)[J]. 中国水泥, 2016(6): 87-92.
	WANG Xinpin, ZHAO Jiao, QIAO Bin, et al. Technology and application of nitrogen reduction and denitrification in cement production line at home and abroad[J]. China Cement, 2016(6): 87-92.
12	江梅, 李晓倩, 纪亮, 等. 我国水泥工业大气污染物排放标准的修订历程与思考[J]. 环境科学, 2014, 35(12): 4759-4766.
	JIANG Mei, LI Xiaoqian, JI Liang, et al. Revision process and thinking of emission standard of air pollutants for cement industry[J]. Environmental Science, 2014, 35(12): 4759-4766.
13	环境保护部. 国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 水泥工业大气污染物排放标准: [S]. 北京: 中国环境科学出版社, 2013.
	Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People’s Republic of China, General Administration of Quality Supervision. Emission standard of air pollutants for cement industry: [S]. Beijing: China Environmental Science Press, 2013.
14	安徽省市场监督管理局. 水泥工业大气污染物排放标准: [S].
	Administration for Market Regulation Anhui Province. Emission standard of air pollutants for cement industry: [S].
15	江苏省生态环境厅, 江苏省市场监督管理局. 水泥工业大气污染物排放标准: [S].
	Department of Ecology and Environment of Jiangsu Province, Administration for Market Regulation Jiangsu Province. Emission standard of air pollutants for cement industry: [S].
16	河南省生态环境厅, 河南省市场监督管理局. 水泥工业大气污染物排放标准: [S].
	Department of Ecology and Environment of Henan Province, Administration for Market Regulation Henan Province. Emission standard of air pollutants for cement industry: [S].
17	河南省生态环境厅. 河南省水泥行业超低排放改造实施方案(征求意见稿)[EB/OL]. (2020-04-27) [2022-06-26]. .
	Department of Ecology and Environment of Henan Province. Implementation plan for ultra low emission technical transformation of Henan cement industry (Draft for comments)[EB/OL]. (2020-04-27) [2022-06-26]. .
18	河北省生态环境厅, 河北省市场监督管理局. 水泥工业大气污染物超低排放标准: [S].
	Department of Ecology and Environment of Hebei Province, Administration for Market Regulation Hebei Province. Ultra low emission standard of air pollutants for cement industry: [S].
19	宁夏回族自治区生态环境厅. 水泥行业烟气超低排放改造实施方案[EB/OL]. (2021-02-23) [2022-06-26]. .
	Department of Ecology and Environment of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Implementation plan for ultra low emission technical transformation of cement industry[EB/OL]. (2021-02-23) [2022-06-26]. .
20	浙江省生态环境厅. 浙江省水泥行业超低排放改造实施方案(征求意见稿)[EB/OL]. (2020-07-23) [2022-06-26]. .
	Department of Ecology and Environment of Zhejiang Province. Implementation plan for ultra low emission technical transformation of Zhejiang province cement industry (Draft for comments)[EB/OL]. (2020-07-23) [2022-06-26]. .
21	山西省生态环境厅. 山西省水泥行业超低排放改造实施方案[EB/OL]. (2021-12-21) [2022-06-26]. .
	Department of Ecology and Environment of Shanxi Province. Implementation plan for ultra low emission technical transformation of Shanxi province cement industry[EB/OL]. (2021-12-21) [2022-06-26]. .
22	中国水泥协会. 水泥工业大气污染物超低排放标准: T/CCAS 022—2022 [S]. 北京: 中国标准出版社, 2022.
	China Cement Association. Ultra low emission standard of air pollutants for cement industry: T/CCAS 022—2022 [S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2022.
23	何艳, 王连勇, 王睿. 水泥窑低氮燃烧技术的发展现状[C]//第十一届全国能源与热工学术年会论文集. 马鞍山: 中国金属学会能源与热工分会, 2021: 44-47.
	HE Yan, WANG Lianyong, WANG Rui. Development status of low-nitrogen combustion in cement rotary kiln[C]//The 11th National Annual Conference on Energy and Thermal Engineering. Ma’anshan: Energy and Thermal Engineering Branch of the Chinese Metal Society, 2021: 44-47.
24	孙立超. 水泥分解炉NO _x 脱除机制研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2018.
	SUN Lichao. Study on mechanism of NO _x Reduction in cement calciner[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2018.
25	张聚伟. 高温条件下NO-焦炭反应动力学的研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2009.
	ZHANG Juwei. Kinetic study on NO-char reaction at high temperature[D]. Harbin: Harbin Institute of Technology, 2009.
26	陈萍. 煤燃烧过程中NO _x 前驱物析出特性及焦炭-NO/N₂O异相还原机理研究[D]. 马鞍山: 安徽工业大学, 2020.
	CHEN Ping. Study on the precipitation characteristics of NO _x precursor and the heterogeneous reduction mechanism of char-NO/N₂O during coal combustion[D]. Ma’anshan: Anhui University of Technology, 2020.
27	戎旭. 水泥分解炉CO脱硝实验及机理研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2019.
	RONG Xu. Study on experiment and mechanism of denitrification by CO in cement precalciner[D]. Beijing: North China Electric Power University, 2019.
28	王晓伟, 蔡军, 任强强, 等. 水泥窑炉窑尾烟气NO _x 碳热还原数值模拟研究[J/OL]. 北京: 中国电机工程学报, (2022-04-07) [2022-06-26]. .
	WANG Xiaowei, CAI Jun, REN Qiangqiang, et al. Numerical simulation on carbothermal reduction of NO _x in flue gas from cement kiln[J/OL]. Beijing: Proceedings of the CSEE, (2022-04-07) [2022-06-26]. .
29	WU Huixing, REN Qiangqiang, CAI Jun, et al. Research on the dynamic process of NO heterogeneous and homogeneous reduction with cement raw meal in vertical tubular reactor[J]. Journal of the Energy Institute, 2019, 93(3): 878-888.
30	TENG Hsisheng, SUUBERG Eric M, CALO Joseph M. Studies on the reduction of nitric oxide by carbon: The NO-carbon gasification reaction[J]. Energy & Fuels, 1992, 6(4): 398-406.
31	LI Y H, RADOVIC L R, LU G Q, et al. A new kinetic model for the NO-carbon reaction[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 1999, 54: 4125-4136.
32	方晓晴, 范垂钢, 都林, 等. 煤焦直接还原脱除烟道气氮氧化物[J]. 化工学报, 2014, 65(6): 2249-2255.
	FANG Xiaoqing, FAN Chuigang, DU Lin, et al. Reduction of nitric oxide in flue gas by coal char[J]. CIESC Journal, 2014, 65(6): 2249-2255.
33	周志军, 陈瑶姬, 杨卫娟, 等. 无烟煤焦炭对NO的还原率[J]. 燃烧科学与技术, 2011, 17(6): 477-482.
	ZHOU Zhijun, CHEN Yaoji, YANG Weijuan, et al. Anthracite-char activities to NO reduction[J]. Journal of Combustion Science and Technology, 2011, 17(6): 477-482.
34	YI Baojun, ZHANG Liqi, MAO Zhihui, et al. Effect of the particle size on combustion characteristics of pulverized coal in an O₂/CO₂ atmosphere[J]. Fuel Processing Technology, 2014, 128: 17-27.
35	YIN Yanshan, ZHANG Jun, SHENG Changdong. Effect of pyrolysis temperature on the char micro-structure and reactivity of NO reduction[J]. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2009, 26(3): 895-901.
36	JONES J M, PATTERSON P M, POURKASHANIAN M, et al. Approaches to modelling heterogeneous char NO formation/destruction during pulverised coal combustion[J]. Carbon, 1999, 37(10): 1545-1552.
37	AARNA Indrek, SUUBERG Eric M. A review of the kinetics of the nitric oxide-carbon reaction[J]. Fuel, 1997, 76(6): 475-491.
38	SONG Yih H, BEÉR Janos M, SAROFIM Adel F. Reduction of nitric oxide by coal char at temperatures of 1250—1750K[J]. Combustion Science and Technology, 1981, 25: 237-240.
39	CHAMBRION Philippe, ORIKASA Hironori, SUZUKI Takeshi, et al. A study of the C—NO reaction by using isotopically labelled C and NO[J]. Fuel, 1997, 76(6): 493-498.
40	CHAMBRION Ph, KYOTANI T, TOMITA A. Role of N-containing surface species on NO reduction by Carbon[J]. Energy & Fuels, 1998, 12(2): 416-421.
41	Mark THOMAS K. The release of nitrogen oxides during char combustion[J]. Fuel, 1997, 76(6): 457-473.
42	陈晓淇, 朱晓, 齐建荟, 等. 焦炭-NO异相还原的密度泛函理论研究进展[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2022, 50(3): 257-267.
	CHEN Xiaoqi, ZHU Xiao, QI Jianhui, et al. Research progress in density functional theory study of char-NO heterogeneous reduction[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2022, 50(3): 257-267.
43	张秀霞, 周志军, 周俊虎, 等. 煤粉再燃中煤焦异相还原NO机理的量化研究[J]. 燃烧科学与技术, 2011, 17(2): 155-159.
	ZHANG Xiuxia, ZHOU Zhijun, ZHOU Junhu, et al. A quantum chemistry study of heterogeneous reduction mechanisms of NO on the surface of char during pulverized coal reburning[J]. Journal of Combustion Science and Technology, 2011, 17(2): 155-159.
44	ZHOU Sai, LIU Hu, YU Pengfei, et al. Application of density functional theory on the NO-char heterogeneous reduction mechanism in the presence of CO₂ [J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2021, 49(9): 1231-1238.
45	KYOTANI Takashi, TOMITA Akira. Analysis of the reaction of carbon with NO/N₂O using ab initio molecular orbital theory[J]. The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 1999, 103: 3434-3441.
46	ZHAO Tong, SONG Wenli, FAN Chuigang, et al. Density functional theory study of the role of an carbon-oxygen single bond group in the NO-char reaction[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2018, 32(7): 7734-7744.
47	ZHANG Hai, LIU Jiaxun, WANG Xiaoye, et al. DFT study on the C(N)-NO reaction with isolated and contiguous active sites[J]. Fuel, 2017, 203: 715-724.
48	李竞岌, 张翼, 杨海瑞, 等. 煤中灰成分对CO还原NO反应影响的动力学研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 2016, 41(10): 2448-2453.
	LI Jingji, ZHANG Yi, YANG Hairui, et al. Study of the effect of ash composition in coal on the kinetic parameters of NO reduction reaction by CO[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2016, 41(10): 2448-2453.
49	付梦龙, 张伟, 李逵, 等. 焦炭催化CO-NO反应的动力学实验研究[J]. 钢铁研究学报, 2022, 34(2): 126-132.
	FU Menglong, ZHANG Wei, LI Kui, et al. Experimental study on kinetics of CO-NO reaction catalyzed by coke[J]. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, 2022, 34(2): 126-132.
50	杨建蒙, 戎旭, 李森, 等. 水泥分解炉高CaO/CO₂环境CO还原NO机制[J]. 化学工程, 2019, 47(1): 1-5.
	YANG Jianmeng, RONG Xu, LI Sen, et al. Mechanism of NO reduction by CO in high CaO/CO₂ environment of cement precalciner[J]. Chemical Engineering, 2019, 47(1): 1-5.
51	李森, 方立军, 孙立超, 等. 水泥分解炉中CO还原NO试验研究[J]. 洁净煤技术, 2020, 26(5): 64-69.
	LI Sen, FANG Lijun, SUN Lichao, et al. Experimental study on NO reduction by CO in cement precalciner[J]. Clean Coal Technology, 2020, 26(5): 64-69.
52	阮丹, 齐砚勇, 李会东. 高温无催化剂条件下CO还原NO数值模拟研究[J]. 硅酸盐通报, 2016, 35(6): 1674-1681.
	RUAN Dan, QI Yanyong, LI Huidong. Numerical simulation research of the reduction of NO by CO at high temperature without catalyst[J]. Bulletin of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2016, 35(6): 1674-1681.
53	LI Sen, WEI Xiaolin, GUO Xiaofeng. Effect of H₂O vapor on NO reduction by CO: Experimental and kinetic modeling study[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2012, 26: 4277-4283.
54	刘栗, 邱朋华, 吴少华. 煤热解挥发分还原NO的反应过程分析[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2010, 31(2): 331-334.
	LIU Li, QIU Penghua, WU Shaohua. Analysis of NO reduction mechanism by volatiles from coal pyrolysis[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2010, 31(2): 331-334.
55	许紫阳, 岳爽, 王春波, 等. 焦炭催化CO还原NO的反应机理研究[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2020, 48(3): 266-274.
	XU Ziyang, YUE Shuang, WANG Chunbo, et al. Reaction mechanism of NO reduction with CO catalyzed by char[J]. Journal of Fuel Chemistry and Technology, 2020, 48(3): 266-274.
56	TSUJIMURA Motoki, FURUSAWA Takehiko, KUNII Daizo. Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by carbon monoxide over calcined limestone[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Japan, 1983, 16: 132-136.
57	HANSEN P F B, DAM-JOHANSEN K, JOHNSSON J E, et al. Catalytic reduction of NO and N₂O on limestone during sulfur capture under fluidized bed combustion conditions[J]. Chemical Engineering Science, 1992, 47: 2419-2424.
58	ACKE Filip, Dan STRÖMBERG. Apparent activation energies for the reduction of NO by CO and H₂ over calcined limestone and CaO surfaces[J]. Energy & Fuels, 1998, 12: 945-948.
59	ZHAO Zongbin, QIU Jieshan, LI Wen, et al. Influence of mineral matter in coal on decomposition of NO over coal chars and emission of NO during char combustion[J]. Fuel, 2003, 82: 949-957.
60	LISSIANSKI Vitali V, MALY Peter M, ZAMANSKY Vladimir M, et al. Utilization of iron additives for advanced control of NO _x emissions from stationary combustion sources[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2001, 40: 3287-3293.
61	梁秀进, 仲兆平, 金保升, 等. CO对选择性非催化还原脱硝工艺影响的试验研究和模拟[J]. 动力工程, 2009, 29(5): 481-486.
	LIANG Xiujin, ZHONG Zhaoping, JIN Baosheng, et al. Experimental study and simulation on effect of CO on selective non-catalytic reduction denitration process[J]. Chinese Journal of Power Engineering, 2009, 29(5): 481-486.
62	吕洪坤, 杨卫娟, 周俊虎, 等. CO含量对烟气选择性非催化还原反应的影响[J]. 化工学报, 2009, 60(7): 1773-1780.
	Hongkun LYU, YANG Weijuan, ZHOU Junhu, et al. Effects of CO content on selective non-catalytic reduction of NO _x [J]. Journal of Chemical Industry and Engineering (China), 2009, 60(7): 1773-1780.
63	王林伟, 段钰锋, 姚婷, 等. SNCR脱硝及添加CO对其特性的影响[J]. 热力发电, 2016, 45(5): 41-47.
	WANG Linwei, DUAN Yufeng, YAO Ting, et al. Experimental study on SNCR process of the effect of CO additive on denitration performance[J]. Thermal Power Generation, 2016, 45(5): 41-47.
64	王俊杰, 房晶瑞, 雷本喜, 等. 水泥窑炉SNCR反应机制及优化运行[J]. 水泥, 2018: 52-55.
	WANG Junjie, FANG Jingrui, LEI Benxi, et al. SNCR reaction mechanism and optimization on cement kiln[J]. Cement, 2018: 52-55.
65	ALZUETA Maria U, Hanne RØJEL, KRISTENSEN Per G, et al. Laboratory study of the CO/NH₃/NO/O₂ system: Implications for hybrid reburn/SNCR strategies[J]. Energy & Fuels, 1997, 11: 716-723.
66	TAYYEB JAVED M, IRFAN Naseem, GIBBS B M. Control of combustion-generated nitrogen oxides by selective non-catalytic reduction[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2007, 83: 251-289.

实施范围	氮氧化物（以NO₂计）	氨^①	现有企业执行时间	新建企业执行时间	标准号	备注
全国	400	10	2015年07月01日起	2014年03月01日起	GB 4915—2013^[13]
重点地区	320	8	依地区制定^②	依地区制定^②	GB 4915—2013^[13]
安徽省	100	8	2020年10月01日起	2020年03月14日起	DB 34/3576—2020^[14]
江苏省	100	8	2022年07月01日起		DB 32/4149—2021^[15]	阶段Ⅰ
江苏省	50	8	2024年01月01日起	2022年07月01日起	DB 32/4149—2021^[15]	阶段Ⅱ
河南省	100	8	2021年01月01日起	2020年06月01日起	DB 41/1953—2020^[16]
河南省	50	8	分阶段分环节^③	分阶段分环节^③	征求意见稿^[17]	超低排放标准
河北省	100	8	2021年10月01日起	2020年03月04日起	DB 13/2167—2020^[18]	超低排放标准
宁夏回族自治区	100	8	2022年底前实现	2022年底前实现	电子通告^[19]	超低排放标准
浙江省	100		2020年12月15日起^④	2020年12月15日起^④	改造实施方案^[20]	超低排放标准
浙江省	50		2025年6月底前	2025年6月前	改造实施方案^[20]	超低排放标准
山西省	50	5	分阶段分地区^⑤	分阶段分地区^⑤	改造实施方案^[21]	超低排放标准

实施范围	氮氧化物（以NO₂计）	氨^①	现有企业执行时间	新建企业执行时间	标准号	备注
全国	400	10	2015年07月01日起	2014年03月01日起	GB 4915—2013^[13]
重点地区	320	8	依地区制定^②	依地区制定^②	GB 4915—2013^[13]
安徽省	100	8	2020年10月01日起	2020年03月14日起	DB 34/3576—2020^[14]
江苏省	100	8	2022年07月01日起		DB 32/4149—2021^[15]	阶段Ⅰ
江苏省	50	8	2024年01月01日起	2022年07月01日起	DB 32/4149—2021^[15]	阶段Ⅱ
河南省	100	8	2021年01月01日起	2020年06月01日起	DB 41/1953—2020^[16]
河南省	50	8	分阶段分环节^③	分阶段分环节^③	征求意见稿^[17]	超低排放标准
河北省	100	8	2021年10月01日起	2020年03月04日起	DB 13/2167—2020^[18]	超低排放标准
宁夏回族自治区	100	8	2022年底前实现	2022年底前实现	电子通告^[19]	超低排放标准
浙江省	100		2020年12月15日起^④	2020年12月15日起^④	改造实施方案^[20]	超低排放标准
浙江省	50		2025年6月底前	2025年6月前	改造实施方案^[20]	超低排放标准
山西省	50	5	分阶段分地区^⑤	分阶段分地区^⑤	改造实施方案^[21]	超低排放标准

反应温度/℃	NO体积分数/%	CO体积分数/%	H₂O体积分数/%	CO₂体积分数/%	停留时间	NO还原率/%	参考文献
950	0.03	0.5	0	0	13~16ms	0	李竞岌等^[48]
975	0.05	0.2	0	0	<55s	0	付梦龙等^[49]
900	0.1	4	2	15	<3s	55	杨建蒙等^[50]
900	0.1	4	2	25	1.42s	29	孙立超^[24]
900	0.1	1	2	15	1.42s	0	李森等^[51]
900	0.1	4	2	15	1.42s	29	李森等^[51]
900	0.1	5	2	15	1.42s	38	李森等^[51]

反应温度/℃	NO体积分数/%	CO体积分数/%	H₂O体积分数/%	CO₂体积分数/%	停留时间	NO还原率/%	参考文献
950	0.03	0.5	0	0	13~16ms	0	李竞岌等^[48]
975	0.05	0.2	0	0	<55s	0	付梦龙等^[49]
900	0.1	4	2	15	<3s	55	杨建蒙等^[50]
900	0.1	4	2	25	1.42s	29	孙立超^[24]
900	0.1	1	2	15	1.42s	0	李森等^[51]
900	0.1	4	2	15	1.42s	29	李森等^[51]
900	0.1	5	2	15	1.42s	38	李森等^[51]

[1]	张明焱, 刘燕, 张雪婷, 刘亚科, 李从举, 张秀玲. 非贵金属双功能催化剂在锌空气电池研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 276-286.
[2]	时永兴, 林刚, 孙晓航, 蒋韦庚, 乔大伟, 颜彬航. 二氧化碳加氢制甲醇过程中铜基催化剂活性位点研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 287-298.
[3]	谢璐垚, 陈崧哲, 王来军, 张平. 用于SO₂去极化电解制氢的铂基催化剂[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 299-309.
[4]	杨霞珍, 彭伊凡, 刘化章, 霍超. 熔铁催化剂活性相的调控及其费托反应性能[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 310-318.
[5]	郑谦, 官修帅, 靳山彪, 张长明, 张小超. 铈锆固溶体Ce_0.25Zr_0.75O₂光热协同催化CO₂与甲醇合成DMC[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 319-327.
[6]	王正坤, 黎四芳. 双子表面活性剂癸炔二醇的绿色合成[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 400-410.
[7]	高雨飞, 鲁金凤. 非均相催化臭氧氧化作用机理研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 430-438.
[8]	王乐乐, 杨万荣, 姚燕, 刘涛, 何川, 刘逍, 苏胜, 孔凡海, 朱仓海, 向军. SCR脱硝催化剂掺废特性及性能影响[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 489-497.
[9]	顾永正, 张永生. HBr改性飞灰对Hg⁰的动态吸附及动力学模型[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 498-509.
[10]	邓丽萍, 时好雨, 刘霄龙, 陈瑶姬, 严晶颖. 非贵金属改性钒钛基催化剂NH₃-SCR脱硝协同控制VOCs[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(S1): 542-548.
[11]	许友好, 王维, 鲁波娜, 徐惠, 何鸣元. 中国炼油创新技术MIP的开发策略及启示[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4465-4470.
[12]	耿源泽, 周俊虎, 张天佑, 朱晓宇, 杨卫娟. 部分填充床燃烧器中庚烷均相/异相耦合燃烧[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4514-4521.
[13]	程涛, 崔瑞利, 宋俊男, 张天琪, 张耘赫, 梁世杰, 朴实. 渣油加氢装置杂质沉积规律与压降升高机理分析[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4616-4627.
[14]	王晋刚, 张剑波, 唐雪娇, 刘金鹏, 鞠美庭. 机动车尾气脱硝催化剂Cu-SSZ-13的改性研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4636-4648.
[15]	王鹏, 史会兵, 赵德明, 冯保林, 陈倩, 杨妲. 过渡金属催化氯代物的羰基化反应研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4649-4666.

基于水泥窑脱硝的碳基还原NO _x 研究进展

Research progress of NO _x reduction by carbonaceous substances for denitration in cement kiln

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 66

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

基于水泥窑脱硝的碳基还原NO x 研究进展

Research progress of NO x reduction by carbonaceous substances for denitration in cement kiln

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 9

参考文献 66

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

基于水泥窑脱硝的碳基还原NO _x 研究进展

Research progress of NO _x reduction by carbonaceous substances for denitration in cement kiln