空气源燃气热泵系统多制热运行模式下余热回收特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1815

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 4204-4211.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1815

空气源燃气热泵系统多制热运行模式下余热回收特性

胡亚飞¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 冯自平¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵(), 田佳垚¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 宋文吉¹^,³^,⁴

^1.中国科学院广州能源研究所，广东广州 510640
^2.中国科学院大学，北京 100049
^3.中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室，广东广州 510640
^4.广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室，广东广州 510640
^5.中科广能能源研究院（重庆）有限公司，重庆 401331

收稿日期:2022-09-28 修回日期:2022-11-11 出版日期:2023-08-15 发布日期:2023-09-19
通讯作者: 冯自平
作者简介:胡亚飞（1989—），男，博士研究生，研究方向为低碳节能技术及先进热泵技术。E-mail：huyafei1208@sina.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFE0112500)

Waste heat recovery performance of an air-source gas engine-driven heat pump system in multi-heating operation modes

HU Yafei¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), FENG Ziping¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵(), TIAN Jiayao¹^,²^,³^,⁴, SONG Wenji¹^,³^,⁴

^1.Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
^2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
^3.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
^4.Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, China
^5.ZKG Energy (Chongqing) Research;Institute Co. , Ltd. , Chongqing 401331, China

Received:2022-09-28 Revised:2022-11-11 Online:2023-08-15 Published:2023-09-19
Contact: FENG Ziping

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

燃气热泵（GHP）是一种高效的天然气分布式能源系统，可通过回收发动机余热而显著改善空气源热泵在冬季低温制热量大幅度衰减的不足。本文在自行设计并搭建的使用R410A制冷剂开启式涡旋式压缩机的GHP实验平台上，针对额定制热和超低温制热两种环境温度T_amb（7℃和-15℃），研究了不同制热运行方式（mode-1~mode-4）对GHP系统制热性能参数的影响。结果表明，相比不进行余热回收的制热模式（mode-1），进行余热回收的制热模式（mode-2~mode-4）可明显提升系统的制热性能，mode-4是一种更优的制热运行模式。在mode-4下，当环境温度为7℃与-15℃时，一次能源利用率分别为1.552和0.983，回收的余热量占总余热量的百分比（R_rec,res）分别为64.15%和50.63%，回收的余热量占总制热量的百分比（R_rec,h）分别为28.97%和36.58%，系统的余热回收效果优良。相比于额定制热下的R_rec,res与R_rec,h，超低温制热下回收的余热量占发动机总余热中的比例相对较小，但占总制热量的比例相对较高。

关键词: 燃气热泵, 余热回收, 开启式压缩机, 一次能源利用率, R410A

Abstract:

Gas engine-driven heat pump, abbreviated as GHP, is an efficient natural gas distributed energy system, which can significantly improve the shortcomings of air-source heat pump's large-scale attenuation of heating capacity by recovering the engine waste heat at low ambient air temperature in winter. An air-source GHP experimental setup was designed based on open scroll compressors with R410A. The changes in the parameters of heating performance were obtained for different heating modes (mode-1 to mode-4) under two ambient air temperatures T_amb (7℃ and -15℃). The results illustrated that the heating performance of the GHP system can be significantly improved by waste heat recovery (mode-2 to mode-4) compared with no waste heat recovery (mode-1). This showed that mode-4 was a better heating mode for the GHP system. In the experiments of mode-4, when the T_amb were 7℃ and -15℃, the values of primary energy ratio were 1.552 and 0.983, respectively. Meanwhile, the ratios of recovered waste heat to total waste heat (R_rec,res) were 50.63% and 64.15%, respectively, and the recovered waste heat accounted for 28.97% and 36.58% of the total heating capacity, respectively, implying that the effect of waste heat recovery in the GHP system was excellent. Compared with the values of R_rec,res and R_rec,h in the rated heating operation mode, the waste heat recovered in the heating mode with an ultra-low ambient air temperature accounted for a smaller proportion of the total waste heat of the engine, but the recovered waste heat accounted for a higher percentage of the total heating capacity.

Key words: gas engine driven heat pump, waste heat recovery, open type compressor, primary energy ratio, R410A

中图分类号:

TE09

胡亚飞, 冯自平, 田佳垚, 宋文吉. 空气源燃气热泵系统多制热运行模式下余热回收特性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(8): 4204-4211.

HU Yafei, FENG Ziping, TIAN Jiayao, SONG Wenji. Waste heat recovery performance of an air-source gas engine-driven heat pump system in multi-heating operation modes[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(8): 4204-4211.

图/表 8

图1 燃气热泵系统实验装置

表1 测量设备及不确定度

测量仪器	型号	范围	不确定度
供暖水流量计	SE205MM	0~50m³/h	±0.5%满量程（FS）
Pt100温度传感器	STT-T/Pt100	-50~100℃	±0.1℃
热电偶	T-type thermocouple	-200~350℃	±0.5℃
气体罗茨流量计	RM-25Z-G10	0.4~16m³/h	±1% FS
高压传感器	Sensata 35CP82-30MD	0~2000kPa	±1.5% FS
低压传感器	Sensata 35CP82-31MD	0~4600kPa	±1.5% FS

图2 燃气热泵冷媒循环系统压焓图

表2 不同制热运行模式的换热器使用及相关阀体开关情况

制热运行模式	电子膨胀阀EXV1	电子膨胀阀EXV2	电磁阀SV1	水侧板式换热器	余热回收器1	余热回收器2
mode-1	开	关	关	是	否	否
mode-2	开	开	关	是	否	是
mode-3	开	开	开	是	是	是
mode-4	开	关	开	是	是	否

图3 额定制热下不同制热运行模式对燃气热泵系统制热性能的影响

图4 额定制热下不同制热运行模式对计算与实测制热量对比、余热回收效率及发动机热效率的变化

图5 超低温制热下不同制热运行模式对燃气热泵系统制热性能的影响

图6 超低温制热下不同制热运行模式对计算与实测制热量对比、余热回收效率及发动机热效率的变化

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空气源燃气热泵系统多制热运行模式下余热回收特性

Waste heat recovery performance of an air-source gas engine-driven heat pump system in multi-heating operation modes

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