百万吨级CO2捕集项目亚硝胺污染物扩散健康风险评估

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0904

化工进展 ›› 2023, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 3209-3216.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0904

百万吨级CO₂捕集项目亚硝胺污染物扩散健康风险评估

陆诗建¹^,²(), 张媛媛³, 吴文华⁴, 杨菲¹^,², 刘玲¹^,², 康国俊¹^,², 李清方⁵, 陈宏福⁵, 王宁¹^,², 王风¹^,², 张娟娟¹^,²

^1.中国矿业大学碳中和研究院，江苏徐州 221116
^2.中国矿业大学化工学院，江苏徐州 221000
^3.山东石油化工学院化学工程学院，山东东营 257061
^4.中国石化胜利油田发展规划部项目管理室，山东东营 257000
^5.中石化石油工程设计有限公司，山东东营 257026

收稿日期:2022-05-16 修回日期:2023-04-09 出版日期:2023-06-25 发布日期:2023-06-29
通讯作者: 陆诗建
作者简介:陆诗建（1984—），男，博士，研究员，研究方向为CCUS与废气治理技术。E-mail：lushijian@cumt.edu.cn。
基金资助:
政府间国际科技创新合作项目(2022YFE0115800);江苏省科技厅科技项目――碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项资金项目(BE2022613);江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室创新能力建设专项(2020ZDZZ01A)

Health risk assessment of nitrosamine pollutant diffusion in a million ton CO₂ capture project

LU Shijian¹^,²(), ZHANG Yuanyuan³, WU Wenhua⁴, YANG Fei¹^,², LIU Ling¹^,², KANG Guojun¹^,², LI Qingfang⁵, CHEN Hongfu⁵, WANG Ning¹^,², WANG Feng¹^,², ZHANG Juanjuan¹^,²

^1.Institute of Carbon Neutrality, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
^2.School of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221000, Jiangsu, China
^3.School of Chemical Engineering, Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology, Dongying 257061, Shandong, China
^4.Project Management Office, Shengli Oilfifield Development Planning Department, Sinopec, Dongying 257000, Shandong, China
^5.Sinopec Oil Engineering Design Company, Dongying 257026, Shandong, China

Received:2022-05-16 Revised:2023-04-09 Online:2023-06-25 Published:2023-06-29
Contact: LU Shijian

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

有机胺排放至大气中的光化学产物包括氨气、醛类、酰胺、亚硝胺等。亚硝胺类具有致癌性，被认为是危害健康的物质，也是有机胺吸收法尾气排放大气的健康风险影响因素。针对胜利电厂200万吨/年CO₂捕集工程，采用高斯模型来模拟排放吸收塔尾气扩散，研究亚硝胺随距离的排放浓度。依据美国环境保护署（EPA）健康风险评价方法，核算儿童和成人允许吸收亚硝胺的大气浓度，进行风险水平评估，确定了居民安全防护距离。针对风险控制，提出了削减塔顶亚硝胺的排放强度以及增加尾气的排放高度两种方法，研究结论表明，当亚硝胺的排放强度在吸收塔顶部削减83%时，或尾气的排放高度高于128m时，可接受的致癌风险值达到10^-6的水平。

关键词: CO₂捕集, 亚硝胺, 高斯模型, 扩散, 健康风险

Abstract:

The photochemical products discharged by organic amines to the atmosphere include ammonia, aldehydes, amides, nitrosamines and so on. Nitrosamines have carcinogenicity and are considered as hazardous substances to health, as well as the health risk factors of air exhaust emissions from organic amine absorption process. Aiming at the CO₂ capture project of 2 million t/a in Shengli Power Plant, gaussian model was used to simulate the exhaust diffusion of emission absorber, and the emission concentration of nitrosamine with distance was studied. According to the American EPA health risk assessment method, the allowable atmospheric concentration of nitrosamines for children and adults was calculated, the risk level was assessed, and the safe protection distance of residents was determined. In view of the risk control, two methods were proposed to reduce the emission intensity of nitrosamine at the top of the tower and increase the emission height of tail gas. The research conclusion showed that when the emission intensity of nitrosamine at the top of the tower was reduced by 83%, or the emission height of tail gas was higher than 128m, the acceptable carcinogenic risk value reached 10^-6 level.

Key words: CO₂ capture, nitrosamine, Gaussian model, diffusion, health risk

中图分类号:

X701

陆诗建, 张媛媛, 吴文华, 杨菲, 刘玲, 康国俊, 李清方, 陈宏福, 王宁, 王风, 张娟娟. 百万吨级CO₂捕集项目亚硝胺污染物扩散健康风险评估[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(6): 3209-3216.

LU Shijian, ZHANG Yuanyuan, WU Wenhua, YANG Fei, LIU Ling, KANG Guojun, LI Qingfang, CHEN Hongfu, WANG Ning, WANG Feng, ZHANG Juanjuan. Health risk assessment of nitrosamine pollutant diffusion in a million ton CO₂ capture project[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(6): 3209-3216.

图/表 14

图1 亚硝胺的结构

图2 仲胺生成亚硝胺的反应路径

图3 叔胺生成亚硝胺的反应路径

图4 本研究的技术思路

图5 点源高斯模型坐标系

表1 200万吨/年CO2捕集工程的基本参数

捕集能力/t·a^-1	吸收塔		烟气排放量/m³·h^-1	烟气出口流速/m·s^-1	捕集率/%	排放源强/g·s^-1
捕集能力/t·a^-1	H/m	D/m	烟气排放量/m³·h^-1	烟气出口流速/m·s^-1	捕集率/%	NDMA	NDEA
2×10⁶	49.1	20	1.65×10⁶	11.91	80	5.16×10^-2	2.70×10^-2

图6 捕集工程（2×106 t/a）的亚硝胺排放浓度

表2 NDMA和NDEA的最大落地浓度及对应的距离

胺的种类	最大落地浓度/g·m^-3	对应的距离/m
NDMA	2.5×10^-7	400
NDEA	1.83×10^-7	400

图7 CO2捕集纯化预留用地平面布置图

图8 吸收塔周边1310m范围内涵盖的区域

图9 吸收塔顶部亚硝胺的去除率与防护距离的关系

图10 超过致癌风险值10-6水平的区域示意图

图11 烟囱高度与致癌风险距离的关系

表3 不同排放高度致癌风险区域的始末距离单位：m

烟囱高度	致癌始距离	致癌末距离
100	550	1850
105	610	1800
110	680	1730
115	770	1650
120	880	1540
125	1060	1370
128	0	0

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百万吨级CO₂捕集项目亚硝胺污染物扩散健康风险评估

Health risk assessment of nitrosamine pollutant diffusion in a million ton CO₂ capture project

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