化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 2357-2364.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1050

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇    下一篇

头孢类制药废水中有机污染物的去除特性

孔瑜1,2(), 顾卫华1, 段锋2(), 张西华1(), 赵赫2   

  1. 1.上海第二工业大学电子废弃物研究中心,资源循环科学与工程中心,上海电子废弃物资源化协同创新中心,上海 201209
    2.中国科学院过程工程研究所环境技术与工程研究部,绿色过程与工程重点实验室,北京市过程 污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京 100190
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-10 出版日期:2021-04-05 发布日期:2021-04-14
  • 通讯作者: 段锋,张西华
  • 作者简介:孔瑜(1995—),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为制药废水毒性物质筛查。E-mail:20181510006@stu.sspu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    上海第二工业大学研究生项目基金(EGD19YJ0006);国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1801501);上海市高原学科——环境科学与工程(资源循环科学与工程)项目;上海高校知识服务平台项目(ZF1224);上海第二工业大学“一流研究生教育引领计划”

Removal characteristics of organic pollutants in the cephalosporin pharmaceutical wastewater

KONG Yu1,2(), GU Weihua1, DUAN Feng2(), ZHANG Xihua1(), ZHAO He2   

  1. 1.WEEE Research Center, Research Center of Resource Recycling Science and Engineering, Shanghai Polytechnic University, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for WEEE Recycling, Shanghai 201209, China
    2.Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Division of Environment Technology and Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
  • Received:2020-06-10 Online:2021-04-05 Published:2021-04-14
  • Contact: DUAN Feng,ZHANG Xihua

摘要:

为全面研究头孢类制药废水处理过程中有机污染物的去除特性,分析了废水中常规污染物(COD、TOC、氨氮、总氮、总磷)和残留抗生素的去除效率,并采用液液萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)的方法对有机物进行定性分析。研究结果表明,废水中残留的头孢唑林去除率为99.1%,而COD、TOC、氨氮、总氮和总磷的去除率为50.0%~97.4%,出水均满足《化学合成类制药工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 21904—2008)直接排放要求。GC-MS定性分析得到52种有机污染物,其中酸酯类、胺类、杂环类物质较多,三氯甲烷、苯酚属于水中优先控制污染物;三乙胺、四氢呋喃、N,N-二甲基三甲基乙酰胺、丁酸、2-巯基咪唑、2-巯基-5-甲基-1,3,4-噻二唑等属于头孢类抗生素生产过程中的原料和中间体。以上物质均具有潜在的环境毒性,需要针对这些物质优化处理工艺,并关注其残留浓度和迁移转化过程。

关键词: 废水, 药物, 有机化合物, 残留抗生素

Abstract:

In order to investigate the removal characteristics of organic pollutants during the treatment process of cephalosporin pharmaceutical wastewater, the removal efficiencies of COD, TOC, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and residual antibiotics in wastewater were analyzed. Then, liquid-liquid extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods were employed to analyze the organic pollutants qualitatively. The results showed that the removal efficiency of cefazolin in wastewater achieved 99.1%, while the removal efficiencies of COD, TOC, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus were between 50.0% and 97.4%. The effluent met the "Discharge standards of water pollutants for pharmaceutical industry chemical synthesis products category" (GB 21904—2008). The qualitative analysis results of GC-MS identified 52 kinds of organic pollutants, containing many kinds of acids, esters, amines and heterocycles, among which trichloromethane, and phenol were listed in the black list of priority pollutants in water. Triethylamine, tetrahydrofuran, N, N-dimethylpivalamide, butanoic acid, 2-thioimidazole, 5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2(3H)-thione, etc. were derived from the raw materials and intermediates during the production of cephalosporins. Considering the potential environmental toxicity of the above organic pollutants, it is urgent to optimize the existing treatment processes for these pollutants and pay attention to their corresponding residual concentrations and migration-transformation process in the environment.

Key words: waste water, pharmaceuticals, organic compounds, residual antibiotics

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