添加剂对电解铜箔作用机理及作用效果的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2311

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电解铜箔作为锂离子电池负极集流体和活性材料的载体，其性能直接影响电池的容量和循环寿命。添加剂的引入是电解铜箔制备工艺中性能调控的重要方式。通过向电解液中引入添加剂可以改变铜沉积的反应电位，影响镀层的微观结构和形貌，有利于提升电解铜箔的某种性能。多种添加剂共同作用时可以提升铜箔的综合性能。本文根据特征基团分类，综述了含硫有机物、含氮有机物、聚醚类化合物、卤素离子、稀有元素这五类常用添加剂对电解铜箔的作用以及不同添加剂间的相互作用和改性优化方式。通过对各添加剂作用机理和效果的分析比较，总结了目前研究中在机理与性能关联性、机理解释矛盾、机理研究的有效手段、添加剂配方生产应用等方面存在的局限性，并指出未来的研究将向着作用机理深入化、添加剂结构配方优化等方向前进。

关键词: 电解, 沉积物, 制备, 铜箔, 添加剂, 作用机理, 性能, 相互作用

Abstract:

Electrolytic copper foil is an important part in lithium ion batteries as the current collector and the carrier of anode materials. It directly influences the battery's capacity and cycle life. It is an effective method to control properties of electrolytic copper foils by using additives, which could change the electrode potential of cathode reactions and affect the microstructure and morphology of foils significantly. In this work, the research progress of conventional additives was reviewed according to their characteristic groups, including organosulfur compounds, amine compounds, polyether compounds, chlorine ions and ions of rare elements. The interactions between different kinds of additives were also introduced. Based on the analysis and comparison on the mechanisms and effects of different additives, key limitations including the poor correlation between mechanisms and performance, contradictions in mechanism interpretations, the lack of effective research methods, and the difficulties in industrial applications were pointed out. More researches of insight into the mechanisms and more efficient formulations additives should be acquired in future.

Key words: electrolysis, deposition, preparation, copper foils, additives, action mechanism, properties, interaction

中图分类号:

O646

孙玥, 刘玲玲, 李鑫泉, 潘建锋, 刘嘉斌. 添加剂对电解铜箔作用机理及作用效果的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(11): 5861-5874.

SUN Yue, LIU Lingling, LI Xinquan, PAN Jianfeng, LIU Jiabin. Research progress in mechanisms and effects of various additives used for preparing electrolytic copper foils[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(11): 5861-5874.

图/表 6

参考文献 41

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