输气站场过滤分离器压降与除尘效率变化特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2217

化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (10): 5480-5490.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2217

输气站场过滤分离器压降与除尘效率变化特性

敬佩瑜¹(), 郑思佳²(), 张帅³, 唐超⁴, 段林林⁵, 付斌¹

^1.西南石油大学石油与天然气工程学院，四川成都 610500
^2.中国石油西南油气田分公司集输工程技术研究所，四川成都 610000
^3.国家油气管网公司调控中心，北京 100027
^4.中国石油西南油气田公司燃气分公司，四川成都 611500
^5.中海油能源发展股份有限公司工程技术分公司，天津 300452

收稿日期:2020-11-05 修回日期:2021-01-10 出版日期:2021-10-10 发布日期:2021-10-25
通讯作者: 郑思佳
作者简介:敬佩瑜（1991—），女，硕士，主要从事油气储运工程实验教学与科研工作。E-mail：winkok@163.com。
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项(2016E-0610);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51779212);四川省科技计划(2019YJ0350)

Change characteristics of pressure drop and collection efficiency of the filter separators in the gas transmission station

JING Peiyu¹(), ZHENG Sijia²(), ZHANG Shuai³, TANG Chao⁴, DUAN Linlin⁵, FU Bin¹

^1.Petroleum Engineering School, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
^2.Institute of Gathering and Transportation Engineering Technology of Petrochina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Branch, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
^3.PipeChina Oil and Gas Control Center, Beijing 100027, China
^4.Petrochina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Gas Branch Company, Chengdu 611500, Sichuan, China
^5.CNOOC EnerTech-Drilling & Production Company, Tianjin 300452, China

Received:2020-11-05 Revised:2021-01-10 Online:2021-10-10 Published:2021-10-25
Contact: ZHENG Sijia

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为通过压降来评价不同工况下过滤分离器的除尘效率和工作状况，指导现场过滤分离器滤芯的操作和更换，本文以输气站场典型卧式过滤分离器为研究对象，采用粉尘在线检测和计算流体力学（CFD）数值模拟的方法，分析不同运行时间、运行压力下过滤分离器压降和除尘效率的静态与动态特性，并通过现场实际验证。结果表明：在相同标况流量下，操作压力越低，过滤分离器初始压降越高；随着过滤分离器的运行时间增长，其压降检测值将偏离拟合的最优二次曲线，其除尘效率也将呈下降趋势，特别是在运行压力较低时下降更快，其根源在于低压下气流速度快，可携带更多已聚结的颗粒流出，致使下游粉尘浓度上升；CFD方法预测与在线检测的除尘效率误差均低于20%，现场实际除尘量证实两种方法均有较高的准确性与可靠性，且适合过滤分离器压降与除尘效率变化的预测。

关键词: 过滤分离器, 压降, 除尘效率, 实验研究, 数值模拟

Abstract:

The typical horizontal filter separator in the gas station was taken as the subject to evaluate the collection efficiency and working status of the filter separators through their operational pressure-drops under different operating conditions and guide their field operation and replacement of their filter elements. The dust on-line detection technique and CFD simulation were adopted to analyze the static and dynamic characteristics of pressure drop and collection efficiency of filter separator under different running time and pressure. The major results were verified using actual values. The results indicate that the lower of initial pressure-drop of the filter separator , the lower of operating pressure at the same flow rate. With the increase of its operational time, a strong trend of the monitored pressure-drop values is negatively deviating their best-fitted curves, and its collection efficiencies also present a decreasing trend, especially at its lower operational pressure, due to the gas with higher flow velocity carrying more coalesced particles to the downstream and leading to the increase of downstream dust concentration at this operational condition. The errors of collection efficiencies obtained by the on-line particle monitoring technique and the CFD method are lower than 20%. The actual dust collection verified that both methods are of higher accuracy, reliability and suitable in the prediction on the evolution of the pressure drop and the collection efficiency.

Key words: filter separator, pressure drop, collection efficiency, experiment study, simulation

中图分类号:

TE868

敬佩瑜, 郑思佳, 张帅, 唐超, 段林林, 付斌. 输气站场过滤分离器压降与除尘效率变化特性[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(10): 5480-5490.

JING Peiyu, ZHENG Sijia, ZHANG Shuai, TANG Chao, DUAN Linlin, FU Bin. Change characteristics of pressure drop and collection efficiency of the filter separators in the gas transmission station[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(10): 5480-5490.

图/表 21

图1 过滤分离器的结构、尺寸和原理

表1 滤芯及分离过滤器技术参数

滤芯/个	滤材	单根厚度/mm	颜色	长度/mm	初始压降/kPa	操作温度/℃	过滤区域/m²	设计除尘效率/%
29	聚酯纤维	9	白色	1800	13	-5~115	2.98	＞99

图2 高压天然气管道内粉尘检测流程

表2 在线检测实验条件

编号

入口压力

/MPa

标况输量

/10⁴m³?d^-1

工况输量

/10⁴m³?d^-1

入口颗粒粒径

/μm

入口流速

/m?s^-1

气体密度

/kg?m^-3

运行时间

图3 粉尘结构和F-1、F-2与F-3月平均日输量

表3 惯性阻力系数和黏性阻力系数

过滤分离器	A	VR_惯性阻力	B	VR_黏性阻力	孔隙率
F-3	0.018	0.0026	0.25	325	0.9
F-2	0.051	0.0074	0.04441	578
F-1	0.062	0.0070	0.05812	7567

图4 非结构化网格划分

图5 模型的求解

图6 分离过滤器F-2在不同网格数量下运行0.5s时颗粒相流动传质过程

表4 基本参数及数据来源

基本参数	对应取值
气、固两相体积分数（a_k）/%	气相：99.99；固相：（2.7~8.0）×10^-10
气、固两相密度（ρ_k）/kg?m^-3	气相：20.54~36.98；固相：3880
各项体积黏度（ $μ k$ ）/kg?m^-1?s^-1	气相：1.19×10^-5；颗粒相：1.19×10^-8
渗透率（a）	0.98
颗粒直径（d_p）/μm	0~50，取中位粒径25
固相的速度（u_p）/m?s^-1	由质量流量初始条件决定，其值见表2
气相的速度（u_k）/m?s^-1	由质量流量初始条件决定，其值见表2
管径（D）/m	见图1几何模型尺寸
颗粒的黏性系数（θ_s）	可通过查阅颗粒黏性阻力系数与雷诺数曲线得到^［23-24］
滤布厚度（Δn）/mm	见表1

表4 基本参数及数据来源

基本参数	对应取值
气、固两相体积分数（a_k）/%	气相：99.99；固相：（2.7~8.0）×10^-10
气、固两相密度（ρ_k）/kg?m^-3	气相：20.54~36.98；固相：3880
各项体积黏度（ $μ k$ ）/kg?m^-1?s^-1	气相：1.19×10^-5；颗粒相：1.19×10^-8
渗透率（a）	0.98
颗粒直径（d_p）/μm	0~50，取中位粒径25
固相的速度（u_p）/m?s^-1	由质量流量初始条件决定，其值见表2
气相的速度（u_k）/m?s^-1	由质量流量初始条件决定，其值见表2
管径（D）/m	见图1几何模型尺寸
颗粒的黏性系数（θ_s）	可通过查阅颗粒黏性阻力系数与雷诺数曲线得到^［23-24］
滤布厚度（Δn）/mm	见表1

图7 不同网格数量下运行11s时分离过滤器出口粉尘体积浓度的变化

图8 新滤芯安装后首月内压降表读数与CFD计算结果对比

图9 各分离过滤器检测压降随时间的变化

图10 CFD模拟压降随时间的变化

图11 各分离过滤器除尘效率随时间的变化

图12 不同压力下运行1年后滤芯表面被破坏程度

图13 分离过滤器除尘效率随时间变化的模拟结果

图14 粉尘流动传质过程

图15 粉尘在滤芯表面的压力分布

图16 粉尘在滤芯表面的流速分布

图17 实验检测与数值模拟结果验证

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输气站场过滤分离器压降与除尘效率变化特性

Change characteristics of pressure drop and collection efficiency of the filter separators in the gas transmission station

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