关键词: 环境, 污染, 测量, 石化企业, 挥发性有机物, 无组织排放, 监测

Abstract:

Most of the VOC emissions from a refinery or a petrochemical plant correspond to fugitive emissions from numerous leakage points and irregular vents. These emissions are spread across the industrial sites and may vary significantly over time and space, and aggregate large area sources or large volume sources on the whole, and therefore this is rather difficult to achieve on both high spatial and temporal coverage in the monitoring. This paper reviews the present status and developments of VOC emission monitoring techniques, including point monitoring, open path monitoring, cross section monitoring and flux monitoring. It summarizes the main problems and technical difficulties in monitoring fugitive emissions of VOCs from a refinery or a petrochemical plant and also suggests a framework system and alternative supporting monitoring techniques for such emissions. In summary, the fugitive VOC emissions monitoring of a refinery or a petrochemical plant is faced with many problems and technical challenges including high uncertainty in emission inventories, difficulty to monitor and trace fugitive resources, irregularity in emission plumes migration and diffusion, impossibility to fully cover open space in monitoring fenceline emissions, limited time and space coverage in routine monitoring,etc. It is hence necessary to establish a multicomponent, three-dimensional, VOC fugitive emission monitoring system to cover the emission and their impact on adjacent communities. It is suggested that such a system should be based on various types of new monitoring techniques (point-, open path, cross section and flux) in combination with routine monitoring (off line, real time, emission flux and mobile quick response). In future, fugitive VOC emissions monitoring of a refinery or a petrochemical plant will be developed towards multi-dimensional, multi-level, intelligent and big data applications.

Key words: environment, pollution, measurement, petroleum refining and petrochemical industry, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), fugitive emission, monitoring