关键词: 脱硼, 膜, 反渗透, 分离, 传质

Abstract:

Boron is an essential trace element in living organisms, but excessive intake of boron can endanger the growth and development of plants and animals. In the existing boron removal technology, reverse osmosis membrane is considered as one of the most promising platforms for boron removal. Due to the small molecular diameter of the boric acid molecule and the absence of charge, the removal of boron by the reverse osmosis membrane still cannot meet the actual requirements. At present, optimizing the structure of reverse osmosis membrane and utilizing the special properties of boric acid are the main ideas for preparing high boron removal reverse osmosis membrane. The development of new membrane materials, optimization of interfacial polymerization processes and physical and chemical modification are effective ways to improve the boron removal performance of reverse osmosis membranes. The trade-off phenomenon of water boron transport is a major obstacle for the preparation of high boron removal reverse osmosis membranes and lacks models for water and boron transport. At the same time, the boric acid molecules have unique physical and chemical properties. The boric acid molecules are beneficial to study the polymer structure of the polyamide reverse osmosis membrane, the transport mechanism of water boron in the membrane and the factors causing the trade-off phenomenon.

Key words: boron removal, membranes, reverse osmosis, separation, mass transfer