燃煤电厂白色烟羽的潜值和控制策略评价

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0971

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着多地政府出台政策，燃煤电厂白色烟羽的控制引发广泛关注。为评价白色烟羽控制的影响，本文建立了潜值计算模型，对2017年上海市和天津市白色烟羽的消除效果进行了研究，结果表明烟气冷凝、烟气加热、烟气冷凝再热均无法完全消除白色烟羽，特别是在冬季和北方城市（天津市）控制效果较差。以某燃煤电厂为例，对模型的应用效果进行了验证，结果表明潜值模型用于白色烟羽的评价具有一定的适用性，但气象数据测量误差会在一定程度上影响评价的精确度。此外，对白色烟羽控制对脱硫系统、烟气焓值和环境影响进行了研究，表明白色烟羽控制会改变脱硫系统的水平衡、影响燃煤电厂能耗且对环境造成一定的消极影响，因此目前燃煤电厂白色烟羽控制不具有推广性。

关键词: 燃煤电厂, 白色烟羽, 潜值, 水平衡, 环境影响评价

Abstract:

The white plume in coal-fired plants has been received more and more attention as several provinces or cities enact statute to control it. In this paper, mathematical model of plume potential was developed to evaluate the white plume control of Shanghai City and Tianjin City. The results showed that white plume cannot be eliminated all period in a year, especially in winter and North China such as Tianjin City. Meanwhile, the evaluation of potential model has been developed indicating that strength of white plume can be quantified by potential value in some way. However, the accuracy of potential can be affected by meteorological data which should be improved in the future. Moreover, the control of white plume has negative impact on flue gas desulphurization (FGD) water balance, energy consumption and environmental quality, which cannot be developed by government before environmental impact assessment.

Key words: coal-fired plants, white plume, potential value, water balance, environmental impact assessment

中图分类号:

X701

于伟静,汪永威,吕小林,熊远南,龙腾,李培正. 燃煤电厂白色烟羽的潜值和控制策略评价[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(03): 1579-1586.

Weijing YU,Yongwei WANG,Xiaolin LÜ,Yuannan XIONG,Teng LONG,Peizheng LI. Evaluation of potential and control strategy of white plume in the coal-fired power plants[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(03): 1579-1586.

图/表 15

图1 白色烟羽形成及潜值示意图

表1 烟气成分

项目	体积分数/%
CO₂,干	13.3
N₂，干	80.2
O₂，干	6.5

图2 烟气加热技术控制效果

图3 烟气冷凝再热技术控制效果

表2 控制技术的临界温度

控制温度/℃	临界温度/℃
控制温度/℃	烟气加热	烟气冷凝再热
50	27.9	14.1
55	18.1	10.3
60	14.3	7.6
65	11.6	5.5
70	9.4	3.8
75	7.6	2.3
80	6.1	1

图4 2017年日均温度数据[34]

图5 2017年日均相对湿度数据[34]

图6 各月无白色烟羽产生的天数

图7 2017年无白色烟羽产生的天数

图8 烟气焓值变化图

图9 不同饱和温度下烟气的含水量

图10 MGGH系统布置图

图11 白色烟羽视觉特征

表3 白色烟羽评价模型验证参数

图11	吸收塔出口烟气温度/℃	烟囱入口烟气温度/℃	环境温度 /℃	环境湿度 /%	潜值
(a)	49.55	81.62	18	99	102.4
(b)	48.87	79.04	20	93	0
(c)	49.11	77.93	18	99	224.9
(d)	50.11	79.64	17	96	287.4
(e)	49.81	79.04	17	96	235
(f)	48.84	80.34	18	100	149.7
(g)	48.72	77.69	20	86	0
(h)	49.94	82.07	20	86	0

图12 白色烟羽控制的环境影响评价

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