蒸馏过程强化技术研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-2303

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 蒸馏过程强化技术作为我国现代化学工业发展的重要研究领域，是过程强化概念在化学工业成功应用的典范之一。随着近些年的发展，蒸馏过程强化技术的研究已形成了一套较完整的体系，但也出现了一系列新的难题与挑战。为此，本文针对混合物相对挥发度与气液传质两个蒸馏过程强化的基础理论本质问题，以基础理论创新、关键技术突破和关键装备研究进展为主线，从强化原理、研究进展、工业应用及发展3方面系统介绍共沸蒸馏、萃取蒸馏、反应蒸馏这3类典型的引入质量分离剂强化的蒸馏过程及其耦合技术；微波、超重力场等典型外场作用下的引入能量分离剂强化的蒸馏过程，并系统介绍以新型塔内件及新型塔结构为切入点的基于先进设备强化的蒸馏过程，为迎接这一领域新的难题和挑战提供新思路。

关键词: 蒸馏过程强化, 蒸馏, 化工过程强化, 相对挥发度强化, 气液传质强化

Abstract: As the most important research field of the modern chemical industry development in our country,distillation process intensification technology is a successful example of the application of process reinforcement in the chemical industry field. With the development of recent years,the study of distillation process intensification technology has formed a relatively complete system,but there are also a series of new difficult problems and challenges. Therefore,aiming at two important essential questions of relative volatility intensification and mass transfer process intensification,this paper will focus on the basic theory innovation,the key technology breakthrough and the key equipment research to comprehensively introduce the following three aspects:the introduction of mass separating agent to strengthen distillation process,the introduction of energy separating agent to strengthen distillation process and advanced equipment to strengthen distillation process. Azeotropic distillation,extractive distillation and reactive distillation are the typical strengthen distillation process of mass separating agent. The typical energy separating agents are the plus fields such as microwave field,high gravity field,magnetic field,electric field and ultrasonic field. Those were introduced in detail in the first and second part of this paper. In the last part,new type of packing,new type of tray and divided wall distillation column were systematic introduced.

Key words: distillation process intensification, distillation, chemical process intensification, relative volatility, gas-liquid mass transfer

中图分类号:

TQ420.6⁺7

李洪, 孟莹, 李鑫钢, 高鑫. 蒸馏过程强化技术研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(04): 1212-1228.

LI Hong, MENG Ying, LI Xingang, GAO Xin. State-of-the-arts review of the research process for distillation process intensification technology[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(04): 1212-1228.

参考文献

[1] 李鑫钢. 现代蒸馏技术[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2009. LI Xingang. Modern distillation technology[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2009.
[2] KISS A A. Distillation technology-still young and full of breakthrough opportunities[J]. Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology,2014,89(4):479-498.
[3] 王春蓉. 共沸蒸馏技术研究及应用进展[J]. 矿冶,2011,20(1):47-49. WANG Chunrong. Research and application progress of azeotropic distillation[J]. Mining and Metallurgy,2011,20(1):47-49.
[4] 汤志刚,王玲珑,李明飞. 酸水体系共沸现象探究——"超分子"假说及其应用[J]. 化学工程,2009,37(12):39-42. TANG Zhigang,WANG Linglong,LI Mingfei. Research on azeotropic phenomenon of acid-water system:hypothesis of "supermolecular"and applications[J]. Chemical Engineering,2009,37(12):39-42.
[5] 唐有祺. 相平衡、化学平衡和热平衡[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1984:8-9. TANG Youqi. Phase equilibrium,chemical equilibrium and thermal equilibrium[M]. Beijing:Science Press,1984:8-9.
[6] 杨志才. 化工生产中的间歇过程-原理、工艺及设备[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2001:398-402. YANG Zhicai. Batch process-principle,process and equipment in chemical production[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2001:398-402.
[7] 隋振英,邹东雷. 共沸蒸馏中共沸剂的选择[J]. 化学工程师,1996(3):27-29. SUI Zhenying,ZOU Donglei. The choice of azeotropic agent in azeotropic distillation[J]. Chemical Engineer,1996(3):27-29.
[8] 陈敏恒,丛德滋,方图南,等. 化工原理[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2006:89. CHEN Minhuan,CONG Dezi,FANG Tunan,et al. Principles of chemical engineering[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2006:89.
[9] MCDOWELL J K,DAVIS J F. A characterization of diffusion distillation for azeotropic separation[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,1988,27(11):2139-2148.
[10] LE Q K,HALVORSEN I J,PAJALIC O,et al. Dividing wall columns for heterogeneous azeotropic distillation[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2015,99:111-119.
[11] YU H,YE Q,XU H,et al. Design and control of dividing-wall column for tert-butanol dehydration system via heterogeneous azeotropic distillation[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2015,54(13):3384-3397.
[12] PIROLA C,GALLI F,MANENTI F,et al. Simulation and related experimental validation of acetic acid/water distillation using p-xylene as entrainer[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2014,53(46):18063-18070.
[13] HUANG X,ZHONG W,DU W,et al. Thermodynamic analysis and process simulation of an industrial acetic acid dehydration system via heterogeneous azeotropic distillation[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2013,52(8):2944-2957.
[14] WANG S J,HUANG K. Design and control of acetic acid dehydration system via heterogeneous azeotropic distillation using p-xylene as an entrainer[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2012,60:65-76.
[15] 李春利,张明禄,方静,等. 间歇共沸蒸馏分离乙二醇单甲醚-水物系[J]. 化工进展,2012,31(6):1220-1223. LI Chunli,ZHANG Minglu,FANG Jing,et al. Separation of 2-methoxyethanol-water mixture by batch azeotropic distillation[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2012,31(6):1220-1223.
[16] GOMIS V,PEDRAZA R,SAQUETE M D,et al. Ethanol dehydration via azeotropic distillation with gasoline fractions as entrainers:a pilot-scale study of the manufacture of an ethanol-hydrocarbon fuel blend[J]. Fuel,2015,139:568-574.
[17] LI W,CHANG S,QI X,et al. The azeotropic behavior of waste water that contains phenol and high concentrated salt in a distillation column[J]. Bio Technology:an Indian Journal,2014,10(18):10220-10223.
[18] LEE S I,SON S R,CHOI Y B. Method for producing anhydrous sugar alcohol using azeotropic distillation:US15/518827[P]. 2015-10-07.
[19] BENEDICT M,RUBIN L C. Extractive and azeotropic distillation[J]. Theoretical Aspects. Trans. Am. Inst. Chem. Eng.,1945,41:353-370.
[20] LEI Z,CHEN B,LI C,et al. Predictive molecular thermodynamic models for liquid solvents,solid salts,polymers,and ionic liquids[J]. Chemical Reviews,2008,108(4):1419-1455.
[21] JORK C,KRISTEN C,PIERACCINI D,et al. Tailor-made ionic liquids[J]. The Journal of Chemical Thermodynamics,2005,37(6):537-558.
[22] LEI Z,DAI C,ZHU J,et al. Extractive distillation with ionic liquids:a review[J]. AIChE Journal,2014,60(9):3312-3329.
[23] SCHEFFCZYK J,REDEPENNING C,JENS C M,et al. Massive,automated solvent screening for minimum energy demand in hybrid extraction-distillation using COSMO-RS[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design,2016,115:433-442.
[24] LEI Z,ARLT W,WASSERSCHEID P. Selection of entrainers in the 1-hexene/n-hexane system with a limited solubility[J]. Fluid Phase Equilibria,2007,260(1):29-35.
[25] GUTIERREZ J P,MEINDERSMA G W,DE HAAN A B. COSMO-RS-based ionic-liquid selection for extractive distillation processes[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2012,51(35):11518-11529.
[26] BANERJEE T,KHANNA A. Infinite dilution activity coefficients for trihexyltetradecyl phosphonium ionic liquids:measurements and COSMO-RS prediction[J]. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data,2006,51(6):2170-2177.
[27] TASSIONS D P. Azeotropic and extractive distillation[M]. Washington D C:American Chemical Society,1972:46-63.
[28] NAVARRETE-CONTRERAS S,SANCHEZ-IBARRA M,BARROSO-MUNOZ F O,et al. Use of glycerol as entrainer in the dehydration of bioethanol using extractive batch distillation:simulation and experimental studies[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2014,77:38-41.
[29] WANG H,CUI X,LI C,et al. Separation of ethyl acetate-dichloromethane-ethanol by extractive distillation:simulation and optimization[J]. Chemical Engineering & Technology,2013,36(4):627-634.
[30] WANG Y,ZHANG Z,ZHAO Y,et al. Control of extractive distillation and partially heat-integrated pressure-swing distillation for separating azeotropic mixture of ethanol and tetrahydrofuran[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2015,54(34):8533-8545.
[31] 席晓敏. 萃取蒸馏法分离乙醇水体系的实验研究及流程模拟[D]. 北京:北京化工大学,2014. XI Xiaomin. Experimental research and process simulation for separation of ethanol and water with extractive distillation[D]. Beijing:Beijing University of Chemical Technology,2014.
[32] BACKHAUS A A. Continuous processes for the manufacture of esters:US1400849[P]. 1921-12-20.
[33] MALONE M F,DOHERTY M F. Reactive distillation[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2000,39(11):3953-3957.
[34] 马敬环,刘家祺,李俊台,等. 反应蒸馏技术的进展[J]. 化学反应工程与工艺,2003,19(1):1-8. MA Jinghuan,LIU Jiaqi,LI Juntai,et al. The progress in reactive distillation technology[J]. Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology,2003,19(1):1-8.
[35] TAYLOR R,KRISHNA R. Modelling reactive distillation[J]. Chemical Engineering Science,2000,55(22):5183-5229.
[36] 安振国,张晓杰,任万忠. 反应蒸馏技术的研究进展[J]. 化学工业与工程技术,2007,28(1):14-19. AN Zhenguo,ZHANG Xiaojie,REN Wanzhong. Research progress of reactive distillation technology[J]. Journal of Chemical Industry & Engineering,2007,28(1):14-19.
[37] 杨照,王志祥. 反应蒸馏技术及其应用[J]. 化工时刊,2004,18(11):10-12. YANG Zhao,WANG Zhixiang. Reactive distillation technique and its application[J]. Chemical Industry Times,2004,18(11):10-12.
[38] LI H,XIAO C,LI X,et al. Synthesis of n-amyl acetate in a pilot plant catalytic distillation column with seepage catalytic packing internal[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2017,56(44):12726-12737.
[39] GADEKAR-SHINDE S,REDDY B,KHAN M,et al. Reactive distillation for the production of methoxy propyl acetate:experiments and simulation[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2017,56(4):832-843.
[40] KAYMAK D B,ÜNLÜ H,ÖFKELI T. Control of a reactive distillation column with double reactive sections for two-stage consecutive reactions[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2017,113:86-93.
[41] HSIAO T L,WENG K C,LEE H Y. Design and control of hybrid heat-integrated configuration for an ideal indirect reactive distillation process[J]. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers,2017,73:37-49.
[42] BABCOCK P D,CLUMP C W. Distillation of chemically reactive solutions[M]//LINN. Recent developments in separation science,1978,Ⅳ:149-166.
[43] KRISHNAMURTHY R,TAYLOR R. A nonequilibrium stage model of multicomponent separation processes. Part I:Model description and method of solution[J]. AIChE Journal,1985,31(3):449-456.
[44] Chemical Research & Licensing Company. Catalytic distillation reactor:EP0461855[P]. 1991-11-06.
[45] YEOMAN N,PINAIRE R,ULOWETZ M A,et al. Internals for distillation columns including those for use in catalytic reactions:US5454913[P]. 1995-10-03.
[46] YEOMAN N,PINAIRE R,ULOWETZ M A,et al. Internals for distillation columns including those for use in catalytic reactions:US5496446[P]. 1996-03-05.
[47] Chemical Research & Licensing Company. Catalytic distillation system:US5262912[P]. 1993-11-16.
[48] Chemical Research & Licensing Company. Catalytic distillation structured:US4443559[P]. 1984-04-17.
[49] LI H,XIAO C,LI X,et al. Synthesis of n-amyl acetate in a pilot-plant catalytic distillation column with seepage catalytic packing internal[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2017,56(44):12726-12737.
[50] TANG Y T,CHEN Y W,HUANG H P,et al. Design of reactive distillations for acetic acid esterification[J]. AIChE Journal,2005,51(6):1683-1699.
[51] 刘有智,等. 化工过程强化方法与技术[M]. 北京:化学工业出版社,2017:479-497. LIU Youzhi,et al. Chemical process strengthening method and technology[M]. Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2017:479-497.
[52] THOSTENSON E T,CHOU T W. Microwave processing:fundamentals and applications[J]. Composites Part A:Applied Science and Manufacturing,1999,30(9):1055-1071.
[53] 李洪,崔俊杰,李鑫钢,等. 微波场强化化工分离过程研究进展[J]. 化工进展,2016,35(12):3735-3745. LI Hong,CUI Junjie,LI Xingang,et al. Recent developments in microwave-assisted chemical separation processes[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2016,35(12):3735-3745.
[54] GAO X,LI X,ZHANG J,et al. Influence of a microwave irradiation field on vapor-liquid equilibrium[J]. Chemical Engineering Science,2013,90:213-220.
[55] WERTH K,LUTZE P,KISS A A,et al. A systematic investigation of microwave-assisted reactive distillation:influence of microwaves on separation and reaction[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2015,93:87-97.
[56] YOUSEFI S,EMAM-DJOMEH Z,MOUSAVI S M A,et al. Comparing the effects of microwave and conventional heating methods on the evaporation rate and quality attributes of pomegranate(Punica granatum L.)juice concentrate[J]. Food and Bioprocess Technology,2012,5(4):1328-1339.
[57] 侯钧,徐世民,丁辉,等. 微波对乙醇-苯体系汽液平衡和间歇精馏的影响[J]. 中国科技论文在线精品论文,2013,6(7):684-689. HOU Jun,XU Shimin,DING Hui,et al. Effect of microwave on vapor-liquid equilibrium and batch distillation for ethand-benzene system[J]. High Lights of Science Paper Online,2013,6(7):684-689.
[58] CHEN F,DU X,ZU Y,et al. Microwave-assisted method for distillation and dual extraction in obtaining essential oil,proanthocyanidins and polysaccharides by one-pot process from cinnamomi cortex[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2016,164:1-11.
[59] JIAO W Z,LIU Y Z,QI G S. Gas pressure drop and mass transfer characteristics in a cross-flow rotating packed bed with porous plate packing[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2010,49(8):3732-3740.
[60] 孙宏伟,陈建峰. 我国化工过程强化技术理论与应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展,2011,30(1):1-15. SUN Hongwei,CHEN Jianfeng. Advances in fundamental study and application of chemical process intensification technology in China[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2011,30(1):1-15.
[61] AGARWAL L,PAVANI V,RAO D P,et al. Process intensification in HIGEE absorption and distillation:design procedure and applications[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2010,49(20):10046-10058.
[62] 李俊妮. 特殊精馏用填料研究进展[J]. 化工中间体,2012(1):1-5. LI Junni. Research development of packing for special distillation[J]. Chemical Intermediate,2012(1):1-5.
[63] 栗秀萍,王新成,李俊妮,等. 超重机内多孔板填料上气液流场的计算流体动力学模拟[J]. 石油化工,2013,42(12):1361-1366. LI Xiuping,WANG Xincheng,LI Junni,et al. Computational fluid dynamics simulation of gas-liquid flow field on perforated plate packing in higee[J]. Petrochemical Technology,2013,42(12):1361-1366.
[64] 王新成. 基于Aspen Plus的超重力蒸馏过程模拟与优化[D]. 太原:中北大学,2014. WANG Xincheng. Higee distillation process simulation and optimization based on Aspen Plus[D]. Taiyuan:North University of China,2014.
[65] LI Y,JI J,XU Z,et al. Pressure drop model on rotating zigzag bed as a new high-gravity technology[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2013,52(12):4638-4649.
[66] LI Y,LU Y,WANG G,et al. Liquid entrainment and flooding in a rotating zigzag bed[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2015,54(9):2554-2563.
[67] 姚文,李育敏,郭成峰,等. 网板填料复合旋转床的传质性能[J].高校化学工程学报,2013,27(3):386-392. YAO W,LI Y M,GUO C F,et al. Mass transfer performance of rotating compound bed with perforated sheet and packing[J]. Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities,2013,27(3):386-392.
[68] LI Y,LI X,WANG Y,et al. Distillation in a counterflow concentric-ring rotating bed[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2014,53(12):4821-4837.
[69] 计建炳,俞云良,徐之超. 折流式旋转床——超重力场中的湿壁群[J]. 现代化工,2005,25(5):52-58. JI Jianbing,YU Yunliang,XU Zhichao. Wetted wall cluster in high gravity field:zigzag rotating bed[J]. Modern Chemical Industry,2005,25(5):52-58.
[70] 栗秀萍,刘有智. 超重力场蒸馏过程探讨[J]. 现代化工,2006,26(s2):315-319. LI Xiuping,LIU Youzhi. Study on distillation in high gravity field[J]. Modern Chemical Industry,2006,26(s2):315-319.
[71] 栗秀萍,李俊妮,刘有智,等. 多级超重力蒸馏过程的传质性能[J]. 化学工程,2013,41(5):14-18. LI Xiuping,LI Junni,LIU Youzhi,et al. Mass transfer property of multistage high gravity distillation process[J]. Chemical Engineering,2013,41(5):14-18.
[72] 吴松海,孙永利,贾绍义. 磁场对蒸馏水蒸发过程的影响[J]. 石油化工高等学校学报,2006,19(1):10-12. WU songhai,SUN Yongli,JIA Shaoyi. Effects of magnetic field on evaporation of distilled water[J]. Journal of Petrochemical Universities,2006,19(1):10-12.
[73] 马伟,马文骥. 磁场强化溶液蒸发的效果及机理[J]. 中国有色金属学报,1998,8(3):502-506. MA Wei,MA Wenji. The effect and mechanism of magnetic field enhanced solution evaporation[J]. The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals,1998,8(3):502-506.
[74] 张敏卿,周维义. 磁场对汽液平衡的影响[J]. 化学工程,1999,27(5):42-44. ZHANG Minqing,ZHOU Weiyi. The effect of magnetic field on vapor-liquid equilibrium[J]. Chemical Engineering,1999,27(5):42-44.
[75] GUO Y Z,YIN D C,CAO H L,et al. Evaporation rate of water as a function of a magnetic field and field gradient[J]. International Journal of Molecular Sciences,2012,13(12):16916-16928.
[76] 马空军,贾殿赠,孙文磊,等. 物理场强化化工过程的研究进展[J]. 现代化工,2009,29(3):27-31. MA Kongjun,JIA Dianzeng,SUN Wenlei,et al. Advances in physical fields used to enhance processes of chemical engineering[J]. Modern Chemical Industry,2009,29(3):27-31.
[77] 肖祖峰,陈明东,韩光泽. 电磁场作用下的强化传质研究进展[J]. 化工进展,2008,27(12):1911-1916. XIAO Zufeng,CHEN Mingdong,HAN Guangze. Research progress of mass transfer enhancement by electromagnetic field[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2008,27(12):1911-1916.
[78] 马空军,贾殿赠,包文忠,等. 超声场作用下的强化传质研究进展[J]. 化工进展,2010,29(1):11-16. MA Kongjun,JIA Dianzeng,BAO Wenzhong,et al. Research progress in mass transfer enhancement by ultrasonic field[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2010,29(1):11-16.
[79] 金付强,张晓东,许海朋,等. 物理场强化气液传质的研究进展[J]. 化工进展,2014,33(4):803-810. JIN Fuqiang,ZHANG Xiaodong,XU Haipeng,et al. Research progress of enhancement of gas-liquid mass transfer by physical fields[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2014,33(4):803-810.
[80] 李群生,杨金苗. 新型高效填料的原理及其在脱硫工序中的应用[C]//全国化工合成氨设计技术中心站技术交流会,2005. LI Qunsheng,YANG Jinmiao. Principle of a new type of high efficiency packing and its application in desulfurization process[C]//The National Exchang Meeting for Chemical Synthetic Technology of Ammonia,2005.
[81] 金祖源. 乱堆填料层压降半经验通用关联图[J]. 化学工程,1982(3):26-37. JIN Zuyuan. The general correlation diagram for the pressure drop of the packing laminate[J]. Chemical Engineering,1982(3):26-37.
[82] 王广全,袁希钢,刘春江,等. 规整填料压降研究新进展[J]. 化学工程,2005,33(3):4-7. WANG Guangquan,YUAN Xigang,LIU Chunjiang,et al. Recent progress in researches on pressure drop of structured packing[J]. Chemical Engineering,2005,33(3):4-7.
[83] WOERLEE G F,BERENDS J A. Capacity model for vertical pipes and packed columns based on entrainment[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal,2001,84(6):355-366.
[84] HUTTON B E T,LEUNG L S,BROOKS P C,et al. On flooding in packed columns[J]. Chemical Engineering Science,1974,29(2):493-500.
[85] BILLET R,SCHULTES M. Fluid dynamics and mass transfer in the total capacity range of packed columns up to the flood point[J]. Chemical Engineering & Technology,1995,18(6):371-379.
[86] ECKERT J S. What affects packing performance[J]. Chemical Engineer Progress,1966,62(1):18-26.
[87] BILLET R,SCHULTES M. Predicting mass transfer in packed columns[J]. Chemical Engineering & Technology,1993,16(1):1-9.
[88] BRAVO J L,ROCHA J A,FAIR J R. Mass transfer in gauze packings[J]. Hydrocarbon Processing,1985,64(1):91-95.
[89] OLUJIC Z. Development of a complete simulation model for predicting the hydraulic and separation performance of distillation columns equipped with structured packings[J]. Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly,1997,11(1):31-46.
[90] 周伟,梁泰安,于长江,等. 组片式波纹填料:2231577Y[P]. 1996-07-24. ZHOU Wei,LIANG Taian,YU Changjiang. Group-type corrugated packing:2231577Y[P]. 1996-07-24.
[91] 史斌豪,陈雁. 浅析填料塔在空分装置中的应用[J]. 广东化工,2013,40(15):164-165. SHI Binhao,CHEN Yan. Packed tower analyzed in the application of air separation unit[J]. Guangdong Chemical Industry,2013,40(15):164-165.
[92] 马国平. 填料在高浓度淀粉废水生物处理中的应用研究[D]. 兰州:西北师范大学,2007. MA Guoping. Application of carriers in the biotreatment of high concentration starch wastewater[D]. Lanzhou:Northwest Normal University,2007
[93] 姜美美. 新型组合填料塔处理抗生素废水的研究[D]. 广州:华南理工大学,2011. JIANG Meimei. The study of treatment of wastewater containing amoxicillin in a novel style combing biological packing tower[D]. Guangzhou:South China University of Technology,2011.
[94] 韦玮. 硅胶基质固相萃取填料及其在医药,食品,环境分析中的应用[D]. 天津:天津大学,2007. WEI Wei. Silicone matrix solid phase extraction and its application in medicine,food and environmental analysis[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2007.
[95] 兰州石油机械研究所. 现代塔器技术[M]. 北京:中国石化出版社,2005. Lanzhou Petroleum Machinery Research Institute. Modern tower technology[M]. Beijing:China Petrochemical Press,2005.
[96] 皮耀,李群生,田云苗. 导向固定阀型塔板上气液流体力学性能的研究[J]. 化工进展,2005,26(s1):111-114. PI Yao,LI Qunsheng,TIAN Yunmiao. Hydrodynamic performance of flow-guided fixed valve trays[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2005,26(s1):111-114.
[97] CONG H,LI X,LI Z,et al. Combination of spiral nozzle and column tray leading to a new direction on the distillation equipment innovation[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2016,158:293-301.
[98] HUNT C A,HANSON D N,WILKE C R. Capacity factors in the performance of perforated-plate columns[J]. AIChE Journal,1955,1(4):441-451.
[99] 张志恒. 浮阀塔板流体力学和传质性能的研究[D]. 天津:天津大学,2005. ZHANG Zhiheng. Study on hydrodynamic Performance and mass transfer efficiency of valve trays[D]. Tianjin:Tianjin University,2005.
[100] COLWELL C J. Clear liquid height and froth density on sieve trays[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development,1981,20(2):298-307.
[101] 薛珺. 多种塔板传质性能的比较研究[D]. 上海:华东理工大学,2013. XUE Jun. Comparative study of mass transfer performance for trays[D]. Shanghai:East China University of Science and Technology,2013.
[102] 杨宏喜. 一种新型浮阀塔板传质性能的研究[D]. 上海:华东理工大学,2012. YANG Hongxi. Research of mass transfer efficiency for a new floating valve tray[D]. Shanghai:East China University of Science and Technology,2012.
[103] 李春利,马晓冬. 大通量高效传质技术——立体传质塔板CTST的研究进展[J]. 河北工业大学学报,2013,42(1):19-28. LI Chunli,MA Xiaodong. The research progress of high throughput high-efficient mass transfer technology-three-dimensional mass transfer tray CTST[J]. Journal of Hebei University of Technology,2013,42(1):19-28.
[104] 李春利,孙玉春,王志英,等. 新型立体传质塔板CTST的研究与开发进展[J]. 河北工业大学学报,2004,33(2):155-162. LI Chunli,SUN Yuchun,WANG Zhiying,et al. The research and developments of CTST[J]. Journal of Hebei University of Technology,2004,33(2):155-162.
[105] 姚克俭,祝玲钰,计建炳,等. 复合塔板的开发及其工业应用[J]. 石油化工,2000,29(10):772-775. YAO Kejian,ZHU Lingjue,JI Jianbing,et al. The development of composite plate and its industrial application[J]. Petrochemical Technology,2000,29(10):772-775
[106] 姚克俭,章渊昶,王良华,等. 新型高效大通量DJ系列塔板的研究与工业应用[J]. 化工进展,2003,22(3):228-232. YAO Kejian,ZHANG Yuanchang,WANG Lianghua,et al. Research and applications of high efficiency and high capacity DJ series tray[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress,2003,22(3):228-232.
[107] 俞晓梅,徐崇嗣. MD型塔板及其改进型的研究和应用[J]. 全面腐蚀控制,1994,8(4):49-51. YU Xiaomei,XU Chongsi. The research and application of the MD type tray and its modified type[J]. Total Corrosion Control,1994,8(4):49-51.
[108] LI H,FU L,LI X,et al. Mechanism and analytical models for the gas distribution on the SiC foam monolithic tray[J]. AIChE Journal,2015,61(12):4509-4516.
[109] YAN P,LI X,LI H,et al. Hydrodynamics and flow mechanism of foam column trays:contact angle effect[J]. Chemical Engineering Science,2018,176:220-232.
[110] LI X,YAN P,LI H,et al. Fabrication of tunable,stable,and predictable superhydrophobic coatings on foam ceramic materials[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,2016,55(38):10095-10103.
[111] AGRAWAL R,FIDKOWSKI Z T. Are thermally coupled distillation columns always thermodynamically more efficient for ternary distillations[J]. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research,1998,37(8):3444-3454.
[112] DEJANOVIC I,MATIJASEVIC L,OLUJIC Z. Dividing wall column-A breakthrough towards sustainable distilling[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2010,49(6):559-580.
[113] YILDIRIM Ö,KISS A A,KENIG E Y. Dividing wall columns in chemical process industry:a review on current activities[J]. Separation and Purification Technology,2011,80(3):403-417.
[114] RONG B G. Systematic synthesis of dividing-wall columns for multicomponent distillations[D] Eindhoven:Eindhoven University of Technology,2010:205-210.
[115] LUSTER E W. Apparatus for fractionating cracked products:US1915681[P].1933-06-27.
[116] WRIGHT R O. Fractionation apparatus:US2471134[P]. 1949-05-24.
[117] OLUJIA B K,JANSEN H,RIETFORT T,et al. Distillation column internals/configurations for process intensification[J]. Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Quarterly,2003,17:301-309.
[118] 孙兰义,李军,李青松. 隔壁塔技术进展[J]. 现代化工,2008,28(9):38-41. SUN Lanyi,LI Jun,LI Qingsong. Progress in technology of dividing wall column[J]. Modern Chemical Industry,2008,28(9):38-41.
[119] KOLBE B,WENZEL S. Novel distillation concepts using one-shell columns[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing:Process Intensification,2004,43(3):339-346.
[120] SPENCER G,RUIZ F J. Consider dividing wall distillation to separate solvents:using an established technology as part of a revamp installation provided new products at lower capital and operating costs than conventional methods[J]. Hydrocarbon Processing,2005,84(7):90-94.