化工进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (09): 3362-3372.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-0235

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

多孔液体及其二氧化碳气体分离研究进展

李晓强1,2, 丁玉栋1,2, 廖强1,2, 朱恂1,2, 郭李恒1,2, 王宏1,2   

  1. 1 重庆大学低品位能源利用技术及系统教育部重点实验室, 重庆 400030;
    2 重庆大学工程热物理研究所, 重庆 400030
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-16 修回日期:2017-03-24 出版日期:2017-09-05 发布日期:2017-09-05
  • 通讯作者: 丁玉栋,博士,教授,研究内容为强化传热传质、CO2捕集技术。
  • 作者简介:李晓强(1992-),男,硕士研究生
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(51576022,51276205)、国家杰出青年科学基金(51325602)及中央高校基本科研业务费(106112015CDJXY145501)项目。

Review on porous liquids and its application in carbon dioxide sequestration

LI Xiaoqiang1,2, DING Yudong1,2, LIAO Qiang1,2, ZHU Xun1,2, GUO Liheng1,2, WANG Hong1,2   

  1. 1 Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technologies and Systems, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China;
    2 Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
  • Received:2017-02-16 Revised:2017-03-24 Online:2017-09-05 Published:2017-09-05

摘要: 多孔液体是一类存在永久性孔洞且具有流动性的新型多孔材料,兼具微孔材料和液体的特性,具有重要的理论研究和应用价值。本文介绍了多孔液体的概念,总结了三类多孔液体制备方法,分析了其特点和形成条件。第一类多孔液体是由具有空腔的刚性主体单元形成的纯液体,主要制备方法为将具有孔洞的有机大分子或纳米颗粒进行适当修饰,使其能在常温下以液态形式存在;第二类多孔液体是将具有空腔的刚性主体分子溶解在合适的位阻溶剂中形成永久且空置孔洞,最新合成方法为缩合反应一步法得到主体分子,与较好相溶性溶剂分子互配;第三类多孔液体也是由具有空腔的刚性主体和位阻溶剂组成,配制过程中寻找相匹配的微孔框架、位阻溶剂和分散剂,得到稳定流体相是关键步骤。综述了多孔液体用于二氧化碳气体分离的研究现状,分析了不同种类多孔液体捕集二氧化碳的优缺点和捕集机制。最后对多孔液体合成方法及其在气体分离过程应用进行了展望。

关键词: 多孔液体, 微孔, 二氧化碳, 气体分离

Abstract: As one of new porous materials,porous liquids combine the advantages of the microporous solids and liquids with permanent microporosity and fluidity,which have drawn great attention and shown great value in theoretical research and application. In this paper,the concept of porous liquids was introduced,the preparing methods of three type porous liquids were summarized,and their characteristics and synthetic conditions were analyzed. TypeⅠporous liquids were neat liquids consisting of rigid hosts with cavities,obtained by properly modifying large organic molecules or nanoparticles to maintain liquid phases at room temperature. TypeⅡ consisted of rigid molecules with cavities dissolved in solvents which are sterically prevented from entering the host cavity. The novel fabricated method was preparation of cavity hosts by one-pot synthesis to match solvent molecules well. Type Ⅲ also consisted of steric solvents and cavity hosts. The key to Type Ⅲ was keeping fluid porous phases steady via matching microporous framework materials with steric solvents or dispersing agents well. In addition,the latest research progresses and status on CO2 sequestration with porous liquids were reviewed. Advantages,disadvantages and mechanisms of capturing CO2 using different types of porous liquids were analyzed. Finally,the outlook of synthetic methods and applications in gas separation based on porous liquids was presented.

Key words: porous liquid, microporosity, carbon dioxide, gas separation

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