关键词: 浓盐废水, 高盐废水, 脱盐, 蒸发浓缩-冷却结晶工艺, 蒸发-热结晶工艺

Abstract: With the development of biological technology in recent years，it is possible that concentrated wastewater can be treated with biological process as a result of successfully cultivating，domesticating salt-tolerant bacteria. However，it is very difficult for a large amount of concentrated wastewater to be effectively treated by biological process due to the limitation of environmental adaptability of salt-tolerant bacteria. The decrease of COD and separation of inorganic salts from concentrated wastewater are ultimate goals. Only under this condition，a much larger amount of water be recovered. Different sources and formation mechanisms of concentrated wastewater were introduced. At the same time, the formation of high-salt wastewater during the treatment of chemical wastewater was analyzed. High-salt wastewater was generated after concentrated wastewater was treated by multi-effect evaporation or membrane distillation. The incineration and cooling crystallization processes can be used for treating high-salt wastewater. Because the crystallization of some soluble salts in high-salt wastewater is insensitive to the decrease of temperature，an evaporation-thermal crystallization process is advised for highly efficient separation of soluble salts from high-salt wastewater instead of the traditional evaporation-cooling crystallization process.

Key words: salt-concentrated wastewater, high-salt wastewater, desalination, evaporation-cooling crystallization process, evaporation-thermal crystallization process