取消药剂消耗的电脱盐污水物理法预处理

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0390

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

炼油废水中油分与悬浮物的高效、低耗分离关乎石化行业的绿色发展和减污降碳目标。针对电脱盐污水中油分与悬浮物复合以及水质波动问题，本文通过组合亲水性和亲油性颗粒介质构建组合颗粒微通道分离床层，并耦合旋流再生开发沸腾床分离技术，相继通过小试和中试试验验证组合颗粒微通道分离对电脱盐污水的脱固除油预处理效果，并针对中国石化某炼油厂的电脱盐污水提出物理法预处理工程方案，对比分析物理法预处理工艺相较传统“老三套”的经济性差别。沸腾床分离器中高速摄像可视化测试表明，组合颗粒能够实现油滴有效捕集，且亲水颗粒的引入对分离效果未产生负面影响；针对油分和悬浮物浓度剧烈波动的实际电脱盐污水，现场1m³/h沸腾床分离器出水含油率和固含量可稳定控制在20mg/L和50mg/L以内，而10m³/h沸腾床分离中试试验证实物理法预处理工艺可长周期持续实现出水维持稳定。相较于“均质+隔油+气浮”传统预处理工艺，物理法预处理工艺取消了聚合氯化铝（PAC）和聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）等药剂消耗，并同时避免了气浮浮渣等危险废物的产生，同时体现了经济和环保优势。

关键词: 电脱盐污水, 组合颗粒, 微通道分离, 物理法

Abstract:

The efficient and low consumption separation of oil and suspended solids (SS) from refinery wastewater is related to the green development of the petrochemical industry and the goal of pollution and carbon reduction. A combined particle microchannel separation bed was constructed by combining hydrophilic and lipophilic granular media to realize the collaborative separation of oil and SS. A novel separation method was developed subsequently by coupling the depth filtration and hydrocyclone-intensified regeneration. The separation performance of combined granular media microchannel separation on the SS and oil was verified by lab-scale and pilot-scale tests. A physical pretreatment engineering project scheme was proposed for the electric desalting wastewater of a refinery in Sinopec, and the economic difference between the physical pretreatment process and the traditional process was compared and analyzed. The high-speed camera visualization test showed that oil droplets were effectively captured by the combined granular media, and the introduction of hydrophilic particles had no negative impact on the oil removal performance. In view of the actual petroleum refinery wastewater with dramatic fluctuations in oil and SS concentrations, the oil and SS concentrations can be stably controlled within 20mg/L and 50mg/L respectively after treated by the capacity of 1m³/h separator. Meanwhile, the long-term continuous stability of the effluent was also verified by the pilot-scale test. Compared with the traditional pretreatment process of, the physical pretreatment process eliminates the consumption of PAC and PAM, and avoiding the generation of hazardous wastes such as flotation slag, which reflects the economic and environmental advantages.

Key words: electric desalting wastewater, combined granular media, microchannel separation, physical separation

中图分类号:

X505

洪波. 取消药剂消耗的电脱盐污水物理法预处理[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(5): 2788-2796.

HONG Bo. Physical pretreatment of electric desalting wastewater without chemical consumption[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(5): 2788-2796.

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