关键词: 二氧化碳, 矿物封存, 直接碳化, 间接碳化, 二氧化碳, 矿物封存, 直接碳化, 间接碳化

Abstract: Facing the ecological disaster caused by greenhouse effect, the key is to seal the huge carbon dioxide using various CO2 storage technologies. Carbon dioxide mineral sequestration is one of the most environment-friendly, secure and permanent technology. This paper introduces the basic principle of CO2 mineral carbonation in terms of sequestration solutions, reaction kinetics and carbonation materials, and various process routes of CO2 mineral carbonation are described, including direct mineral carbonation and indirect mineral carbonation, such as acid extraction, molten salt process, ammonia extraction and bioleaching. Meanwhile, combined with the research and development of CO2 mineral carbonation techniques both in China and the rest of the world, the advantages and disadvantages of present researches and commercialization prospect are also discussed. Moreover, it is proposed that the next key point of research and development of CO2 mineral carbonation techniques is to pay more attention to resources utilization, regarding CO2 as cheap carbon source, and promoting carbon capture, utilization and sequestration (CCUS) project.

Key words: carbon dioxide, mineral carbonation, direct carbonation, indirect carbonation, carbon dioxide, mineral carbonation, direct carbonation, indirect carbonation