面向室内颗粒物/甲醛净化的纳米纤维催化膜

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-2045

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

室内空气质量对人体健康有着至关重要的影响，细颗粒物和甲醛是室内两种危害性较大的空气污染物。现有的室内空气净化系统多步整合技术存在气体阻力大、能耗较高、工艺流程复杂等问题。负载催化剂的多功能纳米纤维催化膜为室内颗粒物/甲醛污染物的协同去除提供了可能性。本文系统介绍了纳米纤维催化膜在室内颗粒物/甲醛协同净化应用方面的研究进展，首先介绍了室内空气净化技术的发展现状，随后总结了催化剂在静电纺丝纳米纤维膜上的负载方式，其中包括表面负载、内部填充和核壳结构等，最后重点综述了已发表的面向室内颗粒物/甲醛协同净化的纳米纤维催化膜，为纳米纤维催化膜的制备及其在室内多污染物协同净化方面的应用提供思路参考。

关键词: 过滤, 颗粒物, 催化, 甲醛, 膜, 纳米材料

Abstract:

Indoor air quality has a crucial impact on human health, with ultrafine particles and formaldehyde being two major indoor air pollutants. The existing multi-step integration technology of indoor air purification system has problems such as high gas resistance, high energy consumption and complex process flow. Multifunctional nanofiber catalytic membranes loaded with catalysts provide the potential for the synergistic removal of indoor particulate matter and formaldehyde pollutants. This paper systematically introduced the research progress of nanofiber catalytic membranes in the synergistic purification of indoor particulate matter and formaldehyde. It discussed the development of indoor air purification technologies and summarized the integration methods of electrospinning nanofiber membranes and catalysts, including surface loading, internal filling and core-shell structure. Furthermore, it highlighted published studies focused on the synergistic purification of indoor particulate matter and formaldehyde using nanofiber catalytic membranes. This paper aimed to provide new insights for the preparation of nanofiber catalytic membranes and their application in the synergistic purification of indoor multiple pollutants.

Key words: filtration, particulate matter, catalysis, formaldehyde, membrane, nanomaterials

中图分类号:

TB34

陆雪崟, 康玉堂, 仲兆祥, 邢卫红. 面向室内颗粒物/甲醛净化的纳米纤维催化膜[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(12): 7034-7044.

LU Xueyin, KANG Yutang, ZHONG Zhaoxiang, XING Weihong. Nanofiber catalytic membranes for indoor particulate matter/ formaldehyde purification[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(12): 7034-7044.

图/表 6

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材料体系	过滤性能	催化性能	其他性能
PA6/DTAC-2^[68]	PM_0.3：99.95%	—	持久抗菌性
PAN/ZIF-67^[46]	PM_0.3-0.4：83%	—	—
PAN/MCNF^[69]	PM_2.5：99%	—	—
MNF@MnO₂^[70]	PM_0.3：99.47%	HCHO（室温）：88.3%	—
MCCS-2^[71]	PM_0.3：99.60% PM_2.5：99.99%	HCHO（室温）：100%	—
MnO₂/PS^[72]	PM_2.5：99.77%	HCHO（室温）：88.2%	—
Pt/γ-Al₂O₃^[73]	>368nm颗粒：过滤效率较好	HCHO（室温）：100%	—
PAN/M. bontioides/Ag-CN/Ag^[74]	PM_0.7-0.8：99.82%	MB：96.37%	抗大肠杆菌：98.65%±1.49% 抗金黄色葡萄球菌：7.8%±1.27% 抗甲流病毒

材料体系	过滤性能	催化性能	其他性能
PA6/DTAC-2^[68]	PM_0.3：99.95%	—	持久抗菌性
PAN/ZIF-67^[46]	PM_0.3-0.4：83%	—	—
PAN/MCNF^[69]	PM_2.5：99%	—	—
MNF@MnO₂^[70]	PM_0.3：99.47%	HCHO（室温）：88.3%	—
MCCS-2^[71]	PM_0.3：99.60% PM_2.5：99.99%	HCHO（室温）：100%	—
MnO₂/PS^[72]	PM_2.5：99.77%	HCHO（室温）：88.2%	—
Pt/γ-Al₂O₃^[73]	>368nm颗粒：过滤效率较好	HCHO（室温）：100%	—
PAN/M. bontioides/Ag-CN/Ag^[74]	PM_0.7-0.8：99.82%	MB：96.37%	抗大肠杆菌：98.65%±1.49% 抗金黄色葡萄球菌：7.8%±1.27% 抗甲流病毒