可再生能源在化工生产及其公用工程系统中的应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-2398

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

“双碳目标”对化工生产提出了新的挑战，改善能源供给结构和提升能源利用效率是解决这一问题的重要途径之一。随着能源转换技术和储能技术不断发展和完善，可再生能源利用水平及供应稳定性进一步提高，在替代以化石能源为主的化工公用工程系统方面有着明显的优势，被认为是最具应用前景的新一代化工系统供能方式。本文在可再生能源供能技术的基础上，总结了可再生能源在供热、制冷、供水、供电以及多联产系统等新型化工公用工程中的应用现状，着重突出了可再生能源相比传统化工公用工程在节能减排方面发挥的重要作用。探讨了可再生能源目前在化工公用工程系统中的耦合匹配现状、应用所遇到的问题和挑战，并对其未来发展进行了展望。文章指出，可再生能源化工公用工程将成为解决目前化工环保困境的重要途径。

关键词: 再生能源, 化工公用工程, 过程系统, 优化设计, 节能减排

Abstract:

“Emission peak and Carbon neutrality target” brings new challenges to chemical production. Improving energy supply structure and enhancing energy efficiency are ones of the important ways to solve this problem. With the continuous development and improvement of energy conversion technology and energy storage technology, the utilization level and supply stability of renewable energy are further improved. It has obvious advantages in replacing chemical utilities system mainly based on fossil energy, and is considered as the most promising way of energy supply for a new generation of chemical systems. Based on the technology of renewable energy supply, this paper summarizes the application status of renewable energy in new chemical utilities such as heating, cooling, water supply, power supply and multigeneration system, and highlights the important role of renewable energy in energy saving and emission reduction compared with traditional chemical utilities. The matching status, problems and challenges of renewable energy in chemical utilities are discussed, and its future development is forecasted. The paper points out that the renewable energy chemical public engineering will become an important way to solve the dilemma of chemical environmental protection.

Key words: renewable energy, chemical utilities, process systems, optimal design, energy saving and emission reduction

中图分类号:

TQ083

孙志伟, 伍联营, 胡仰栋, 张伟涛. 可再生能源在化工生产及其公用工程系统中的应用[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(10): 5297-5305.

SUN Zhiwei, WU Lianying, HU Yangdong, ZHANG Weitao. Application status of renewable energy in chemical production and its utilities system[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(10): 5297-5305.

图/表 4

参考文献 62

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方案	光伏发电制氢	风力发电制氢	水力发电制氢	生物质发电制氢
优势	①产品氢成本较低；②工艺简单，便于模块化运行；③能够作为储存介质存储太阳能	①有效利用风力产电，减少风电波动；②能够作为储存介质存储风能；③有助于实现氢能的综合利用	①有助于解决水电弃能问题；②经济效益更好；③有助于减少发电及消费期碳排放	①在小规模存储供应氢气方面优势明显；②生物质能丰富，分布地区广，灵活性较高
缺陷	①发电核心技术有待进一步突破；②区域限制性强	①区域限制会加大氢能存储运输成本；②风电间歇性、波动性较强	①区域限制性强；②该方向研究应用较少	①该方向经济-技术评估水平不足；②生物质发电工艺不成熟
发展方向	①以点带面，进行示范项目布局规划探索；②突破核心技术，降低成本	①探索海上风力发电与制氢工艺耦合情况可行性；②改进技术，降低成本	①完善水电制氢产业链；②在水电资源优势地区协调制氢产业同步发展	①降低生物质储运成本； ②改善生物质发电技术

方案	光伏发电制氢	风力发电制氢	水力发电制氢	生物质发电制氢
优势	①产品氢成本较低；②工艺简单，便于模块化运行；③能够作为储存介质存储太阳能	①有效利用风力产电，减少风电波动；②能够作为储存介质存储风能；③有助于实现氢能的综合利用	①有助于解决水电弃能问题；②经济效益更好；③有助于减少发电及消费期碳排放	①在小规模存储供应氢气方面优势明显；②生物质能丰富，分布地区广，灵活性较高
缺陷	①发电核心技术有待进一步突破；②区域限制性强	①区域限制会加大氢能存储运输成本；②风电间歇性、波动性较强	①区域限制性强；②该方向研究应用较少	①该方向经济-技术评估水平不足；②生物质发电工艺不成熟
发展方向	①以点带面，进行示范项目布局规划探索；②突破核心技术，降低成本	①探索海上风力发电与制氢工艺耦合情况可行性；②改进技术，降低成本	①完善水电制氢产业链；②在水电资源优势地区协调制氢产业同步发展	①降低生物质储运成本； ②改善生物质发电技术

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