煤合成气净化除尘装置压降问题分析及应用优化

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-2218

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、X射线荧光光谱分析（XRF）、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP）以及N₂-吸附脱附等表征手段，对煤合成气除尘器净化除尘装置不同位置的垢物沉积量以及组成进行分析，确定了造成煤合成气净化除尘装置引起压降快速上升的原因。中国石油化工股份有限公司大连石油化工研究院（FRIPP）根据垢物组成、分配以及压降原因分析结果，确认了引起除尘器压降的原因为内构件设计以及吸附剂级配方案不合理。FRIPP通过在除尘器内安装内置积垢篮并且对吸附剂装填方案进行优化后，除尘器的压降增加速率为0.45kPa/d，远低于上周期的3.86kPa/d。工业应用结果表明，FRIPP开发的专用内置积垢篮对合成气中的粉尘以及块状垢物拦截效果好，吸附剂级配方案适宜，除尘器压降小、压降增加速率慢，远超国内同类装置平均水平。

关键词: 沉积物, 沉降, 吸附剂, 粉体, 煤制合成气

Abstract:

Serial measurements of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP) and N₂ adsorption desorption were applied to investigate the deposition and composition at different positions of the coal syngas purification and dust removal unit. The reasons for the rapid rise of pressure drop caused by the coal syngas purification and dust removal unit were determined. The analysis results confirmed that the pressure drop in the dust collector was caused by the unreasonable design of the internal components and the sorbent gradation scheme. FRIPP installed built-in crud blue in the dust collector and optimized the adsorbent loading scheme, the pressure drop increase rate of the dust collector is 0.45kPa/day, far lower than 3.86kPa/day in the previous cycle. The industrial application results showed that the special built-in crud basket developed by FRIPP had good interception effect on dust and massive scale in syngas, appropriate adsorbent grading scheme, small pressure drop of dust collector and slow pressure drop increase rate, which was far higher than the average level of similar domestic devices.

Key words: deposition, sedimentation, adsorbents, powders, coal syngas

中图分类号:

TQ 028.8

曹正凯, 米晓斌, 吴子明, 孙士可, 曹均丰, 彭德强, 梁相程. 煤合成气净化除尘装置压降问题分析及应用优化[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(S1): 15-21.

CAO Zhengkai, MI Xiaobin, WU Ziming, SUN Shike, CAO Junfeng, PENG Deqiang, LIANG Xiangcheng. Pressure drop analysis and application optimization of the unit for removing dust in coal syngas purification[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(S1): 15-21.

图/表 16

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项目	保护剂型号
项目	FBN03-B01	FBN03-B03	FBN03-B04
孔容/mL·g^-1	0.10~0.25	≥0.25	≥0.25
比表面积/m²·m^-3	≥700	≥1500	≥1600
形状	鸟巢	鸟巢	鸟巢
直径/mm	42.5~47.5	23.0~27.0	11.5~14.5
强度/N·粒^-1	>300	>100	>50

项目	保护剂型号
项目	FBN03-B01	FBN03-B03	FBN03-B04
孔容/mL·g^-1	0.10~0.25	≥0.25	≥0.25
比表面积/m²·m^-3	≥700	≥1500	≥1600
形状	鸟巢	鸟巢	鸟巢
直径/mm	42.5~47.5	23.0~27.0	11.5~14.5
强度/N·粒^-1	>300	>100	>50

垢物	孔径/nm	孔容/cm³·g^-1	比表面积/m²·g^-1
格栅上灰色垢物	11.39	0.04	12.09
格栅上白色垢物	9.06	0.02	6.97

垢物	孔径/nm	孔容/cm³·g^-1	比表面积/m²·g^-1
格栅上灰色垢物	11.39	0.04	12.09
格栅上白色垢物	9.06	0.02	6.97

垢物	硫（质量分数）/%	碳（质量分数）/%
格栅上白色垢物	0.31	1.85
格栅上灰色垢物	0.13	3.28
白钢网上垢物	0.33	0.84
床层顶部垢物	0.58	1.67
顶部FBN03-B01	0.01	1.02
下部200mm FBN03-B01	0.01	0.51
下部400mm FBN03-B03	0.01	0.31
下部1.5m FBN03-B04	<0.005	0.005