光解水制氢单相催化剂研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氢能能量密度高、环境友好，是一种潜力巨大的可再生能源，可以有效减轻甚至解决传统化石能源所带来的全球气候挑战。利用太阳能光催化水解制氢是一种理想的制氢方法，其中光解催化剂是这一领域的研究核心。本文介绍了近些年TiO₂、CdS和g-C₃N₄这3种最典型、最有前景的单相催化材料的研究现状及进展，分别对每种催化剂的特点和改性方法进行了总结。通过调变表面形貌或者与其他物质掺混，可以有效地改善光解催化剂对太阳能利用率不足、光生电子/空穴复合过快等问题，并由此提高光催化活性和稳定性，但离工业化仍有很大距离。最后指出了当前光解水制氢催化剂所面临的问题并展望了研究方向，为未来设计合成高效、稳定的光催化剂提供参考。

关键词: 光化学, 催化剂, 二氧化钛, 硫化镉, 石墨相氮化碳

Abstract:

Hydrogen energy is a kind of renewable energy with great potential due to its high energy density and environmental friendliness. It can effectively alleviate and even solve the global climate challenges caused by traditional fossil energy. Solar photocatalytic hydrolysis is an ideal method for hydrogen production, and photocatalytic catalyst is the core of research in this field. This paper introduces the research status and progress of TiO₂, CdS and g-C₃N₄, the 3 typical and promising single-phase catalytic materials, and summarizes the characteristics and modification methods of each catalyst. By changing the surface morphology or dopig with other substances, it can effectively improve the solar utilization and suppress the recombination of photogenerated electron/hole pairs, and thus improve the photocatalytic activity and stability. But eventual industrialisation is still a long way off. At last, the problems faced by photocatalysts for hydrogen production were pointed out and the future research directions were prospected, which provided reference for the design of efficient and stable photocatalysts in the future.

Key words: photochemistry, catalyst, titanium dioxide, cadmium sulfide, g-C₃N₄

中图分类号:

TQ116.2

张轩, 郑丽君. 光解水制氢单相催化剂研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(S1): 215-222.

ZHANG Xuan, ZHENG Lijun. Process of single phase photocatalysts for hydrogen production[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(S1): 215-222.

图/表 4

参考文献 83

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催化体系	照射条件	产氢速率/μmol·h^-1·g^-1
Mo/g-C₃N₄^［76］	300W氙灯	79
Cu/g-C₃N₄^［77］	300W氙灯，λ>420nm	3020
K/g-C₃N₄^［78］	300W氙灯，λ=420nm	1337.2
S/g-C₃N₄^［79］	300W氙灯，λ>420nm	1511.2
Br/g-C₃N₄^［80］	300W氙灯，λ>420 nm	48
P/g-C₃N₄^［81］	300W氙灯，λ>420nm	50.6
C/g-C₃N₄^［82］	300W氙灯，λ=420nm	807.4
O/g-C₃N₄^［83］	300W氙灯，λ=420nm	1968

催化体系	照射条件	产氢速率/μmol·h^-1·g^-1
Mo/g-C₃N₄^［76］	300W氙灯	79
Cu/g-C₃N₄^［77］	300W氙灯，λ>420nm	3020
K/g-C₃N₄^［78］	300W氙灯，λ=420nm	1337.2
S/g-C₃N₄^［79］	300W氙灯，λ>420nm	1511.2
Br/g-C₃N₄^［80］	300W氙灯，λ>420 nm	48
P/g-C₃N₄^［81］	300W氙灯，λ>420nm	50.6
C/g-C₃N₄^［82］	300W氙灯，λ=420nm	807.4
O/g-C₃N₄^［83］	300W氙灯，λ=420nm	1968

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