应用于太阳能相变蓄热PC构件升温养护建筑的复合相变材料热物性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0266

化工进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (1): 297-304.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0266

应用于太阳能相变蓄热PC构件升温养护建筑的复合相变材料热物性

于楠¹^,²(), 陈超¹(), 蔺洁¹, 韩枫涛¹, 邹平³, 贺祎鹏¹, 胡庆玲¹

^1.北京工业大学绿色建筑环境与节能技术北京市重点实验室，北京 100124
^2.华北科技学院建筑工程学院, 河北廊坊 065201
^3.新疆农业科学院农业机械化研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2020-02-26 出版日期:2021-01-05 发布日期:2021-01-12
通讯作者: 陈超
作者简介:于楠（1979—），女，高级工程师，研究方向为相变蓄热与可再生能源技术。E-mail：496573867@qq.com。
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0700206);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大项目(2019BFF02005);国家自然科学基金(51578012);新疆公益性科研院所基本科研业务经费项目(ky2019025)

Thermal properties of phase change materials used in buildings for solar- phase change thermal storage curing of precast concrete components

Nan YU¹^,²(), Chao CHEN¹(), Jie LIN¹, Fengtao HAN¹, Ping ZOU³, Yipeng HE¹, Qingling HU¹

^1.Key Laboratory of Green Built Environment and Energy Efficient Technology, Beijing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
^2.College of Architectural Engineering, North China Institute of Science and Technology, Langfang 065201, Hebei, China
^3.Institude of Agricultural Mechanization, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China

Received:2020-02-26 Online:2021-01-05 Published:2021-01-12
Contact: Chao CHEN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

预制混凝土（PC）构件蒸汽养护工艺以消耗大量化石能源为代价。本研究结合本文作者课题组研制的复合相变材料热特性以及预制混凝土构件蒸汽养护工艺特点，基于被动式太阳能相变蓄热PC构件升温养护建筑一体化设计理念，将复合相变材料应用于升温养护建筑主朝阳墙体内表面，结合Energy Plus能耗模拟软件及试验研究的方法，开展了关于不同热物性复合相变材料对新型升温养护建筑热工性能影响的研究。研究结果表明：较GH-33复合相变材料，主朝阳墙体内表面采用GH-37复合相变材料，墙体内表面温度夜间平均提高3.4℃；PC构件上部表面温度夜间平均提高1.4℃；实验期间复合相变材料的蓄放热速率较前者平均提高62%。研究可为PC构件养护工艺中可再生能源利用、低碳环保生产，提供一种新的途径和方法参考。

关键词: 预制混凝土（PC）构件, 升温养护建筑, 太阳能相变蓄热, 复合相变材料, 热物性

Abstract:

Prefabricated concrete (PC) components need to be maintained after pouring to guarantee that concrete can harden well in a certain period. Currently, steam maintaining is one of the commonly adopted methods for this purpose. However, it is a bit costly and consumes a large amount of fossil energy. Based on the characteristics of maintaining process of PC components and the thermal characteristics of GH series phase change materials (PCMs) developed by our team, this paper presents an integrated design principle of passive solar energy and phase change heat experiments. Further, the selecting principle of PCMs on the inner surface of the main sun-facing wall of curing buildings wasput forward. The application results of Hebei province, China showed that, the 50mm-thick GH-37 PCM (temperature range of phase transformation: 37.4—43.5℃ and phase change enthalpy: 227.5kJ/kg) was suitable for the main sun-facing wall. Compared with GH-33 PCM, GH-37 PCM allowed the inner surface temperature of the main sun-facing wall to increase by 3.4℃ on average at night, the upper surface temperature of PC components to increase by 1.4℃, and the heat storage and release rate of PCM wall to increase by 62%. This research suggests a new method for renewable energy utilization and low-carbon based environmental protection in PC component curing process.

Key words: prefabricated concrete (PC) component, curing building, solar-PCM heat storage, phase change material (PCM), thermal performance

中图分类号:

TK02

于楠, 陈超, 蔺洁, 韩枫涛, 邹平, 贺祎鹏, 胡庆玲. 应用于太阳能相变蓄热PC构件升温养护建筑的复合相变材料热物性[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(1): 297-304.

Nan YU, Chao CHEN, Jie LIN, Fengtao HAN, Ping ZOU, Yipeng HE, Qingling HU. Thermal properties of phase change materials used in buildings for solar- phase change thermal storage curing of precast concrete components[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(1): 297-304.

图/表 14

图1 被动式太阳能相变蓄热PC构件蒸汽养护室构筑原理示意图

图2 复合相变材料

表1 围护结构、PC构件及模台主要热工性能参数

材料	厚度 /mm	密度 /kg·m^-3	热导率 /W·m^-1·℃^-1	比热容 /J·kg^-1·℃^-1
挤塑聚苯板	50	29	0.033	1470
加气混凝土	300	700	0.22	1050
透光屋面采光板	6	183	0.02	—
透光屋面保温覆盖物	40	200	0.11	—
PC构件	250	700	0.22	1050
模台	200	8930	16.20	460

图3 升温养护建筑主朝阳墙体内表面温度计算值与实测值对比

图4 养护建筑供热负荷及其主朝阳墙体内表面月平均温度变化特性

图5 四季主朝阳墙体内表面温度频率

图6 DSC曲线

表2 GH系列相变材料主要热物性参数

相变

材料

相变温度

范围/℃

相变焓

/J·g^-1

37~43℃温度区间内相变焓/J·g^-1

密度

/kg·m^-3

热导率

/W·m^-1·℃^-1

图7 相变材料层最外层发生相变比例

图8 相变材料层累计蓄、放热量比较

图9 实验测试台（单位：mm）

图10 阳墙体内表面温度对比

图11 PC构件上表面温度对比

图12 主朝阳墙体蓄放热速率比较

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应用于太阳能相变蓄热PC构件升温养护建筑的复合相变材料热物性

Thermal properties of phase change materials used in buildings for solar- phase change thermal storage curing of precast concrete components

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