含多官能团Gemini表面活性剂的合成及性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1570

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以氯乙酰氯、间苯二甲酰氯、长链伯胺（碳链长度为8、12、14和16）和N,N-二甲基乙醇胺为原料合成了一系列含多官能团Gemini阳离子表面活性剂目标产物（I₈、I₁₂、I₁₄和I₁₆）。采用红外光谱和核磁氢谱对产物进行了结构表征。通过电导率法测量目标产物在不同温度下的临界胶束浓度（CMC），并计算出胶束的热力学参数（、、）；在298.15K条件下，通过表面张力法测定目标产物的表面张力（γ_CMC），并探讨了目标产物的泡沫性能和乳化性能。结果表明：目标产物有较低的临界胶束浓度值（CMC），在298.15K条件下，最低CMC达到0.05mmol/L；I₁₆的γ_CMC最低为36.14mN/m；泡沫性和乳化性测试结果表明，在298.15K条件下，I₈的起泡能力最好，I₁₂和I₁₄的稳泡性最好，均达到100%；目标产物对苯和二甲苯具有很好的乳化性能，其中I₁₂对二甲苯的乳化性能最好，乳化时间为900s，I₁₆对苯的乳化性能最好，乳化时间为629s。

关键词: 多官能团表面活性剂, 电导率, 表面张力, 起泡性能, 乳化性能

Abstract:

A series of Gemini surfactant (I₈, I₁₂，I₁₄, I₁₆) containing polyfunctional group were synthesized by using chloroacetyl chloride, isophthaloyl chloride, long alkyl chain primary amine(carbon chain length was 8,12,14,16), and N,N-dimethylethanolamine as main raw materials. The structures of product were characterized by FTIR and ¹H NMR. The critical micelle concentrations (CMC) and the relevant thermodynamic parameters (, , ) were determined at different temperatures by electrical conductivity measurements. The surface tensions (γ_CMC) were determined by surface tension method at 298.15K. The foaming properties and emulsifying properties were investigated. The results show that target products have lower CMC values, and the lowest CMC value reaches 0.05mmol/L at 298.15K. The minimum value of γ_CMC for I₁₆ is 36.14mN/m. Foam properties and emulsification test results show that I₈ exhibits the best foaming ability; I₁₂ and I₁₄ exhibit the best foam stability (100%) at 298.15K. As emulsifying agent for benzene and xylene the target products have good emulsifying properties. Among these products, I₁₂has the best emulsifying properties for xylene, and the emulsification time is 900s; I₁₆ has the best emulsifying properties for benzene, and the emulsification time is 629s.

Key words: polyfunctional surfactant, conductivity, surface tension, foaming properties, emulsifying properties

中图分类号:

TQ423

王丽艳, 杨佳, 李云晴, 唐丽, 刘家庆, 杜昱嬴, 吴定成. 含多官能团Gemini表面活性剂的合成及性能[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(8): 3278-3286.

Liyan WANG, Jia YANG, Yunqing LI, Li TANG, Jiaqing LIU, Yuying DU, Dingcheng WU. Synthesis and properties of Gemini surfactant containing polyfunctional groups[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(8): 3278-3286.

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