环氧树脂改性聚乳酸/低熔点尼龙6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料结构与性能

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1831

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过熔融共混法制备了环氧树脂改性聚乳酸 (ePLA)/低熔点尼龙6 (LMPA6)/蒙脱土纳米复合材料。XRD和DSC结果表明，结晶度随着有机蒙脱土（OMMT）加入量的增加呈先增加后减小的趋势。流变行为结果表明，ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的黏性响应占主导地位，另外，随着OMMT加入量的增加，储能模量和损耗模量也增加。阻隔性能测试结果表明，OMMT的加入能够有效地改善纳米复合材料的阻隔性能。热重结果表明，OMMT的加入能够显著提高纳米复合材料的热稳定性能。TEM测试结果表明，OMMT加入量较少时，OMMT容易在基体中形成均一的纳米结构。力学性能分析表明，随着OMMT质量分数的增加，纳米复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和冲击强度均出现先上升后下降的趋势，且当OMMT质量分数为3%时，纳米复合材料的力学性能均达到最大值，与未加OMMT时相比，分别提高了9.7%、37.8%和35.9%。

关键词: 聚乳酸, 环氧树脂, 低熔点尼龙6, 蒙脱土, 阻隔性能, 增强增韧

Abstract:

Epoxy resin modified polylactic acid (ePLA)/low melting point nylon 6 (LMPA6)/montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared by melting blending. XRD and DSC results showed that the crystallinity increased first and then decreased as the content of OMMT increased. The rheological behavior results showed that the viscous response of ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT nanocomposites was dominated. In addition, as the OMMT content increased, the storage modulus and loss modulus also increased. The barrier performance test results indicated that the addition of OMMT could effectively improve the barrier properties of nanocomposites. The thermogravimetric results illustracted that the addition of OMMT could significantly improve the thermal stability of nanocomposites. The TEM testing results showed that OMMT easily formed a uniform nanostructure in the matrix when the OMMT content was small. The mechanical properties analysis showed that the tensile strength, elongation at break and impact strength of the nanocomposites increased first and then decreased when the content of OMMT increased, and the mechanics of nanocomposites reached the maximum value when the OMMT content was 3%, which increased 9.7%, 37.8% and 35.9% than the sample without OMMT, respectively.

Key words: polylactic acid, epoxy resin, low melting point nylon 6, montmorillonite, barrier properties, enhancing strength and toughness

中图分类号:

TQ327.8

李明专, 胡孝迎, 何敏, 于杰, 王彩红, 鲁圣军. 环氧树脂改性聚乳酸/低熔点尼龙6/蒙脱土纳米复合材料结构与性能[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(06): 2880-2888.

Mingzhuan LI, Xiaoying HU, Min HE, Jie YU, Caihong WANG, Shengjun LU. Structure and properties of epoxy resin modified polylactic acid/low melting point nylon 6/montmorillonite nanocomposites[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(06): 2880-2888.

图/表 11

表 1 ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的组成比例

样品

ePLA/LPA6

OMMT

Antioxidant1010

DCP

0% OMMT

1% OMMT

3% OMMT

5% OMMT

7% OMMT

100

0.5

图1 OMMT与ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的XRD谱图

图2 不同OMMT质量分数的ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的TEM图

图3 不同OMMT质量分数的ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的DSC曲线图

表2 不同OMMT质量分数对ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的DSC数据

样品	熔融焓变 /J?g^–1	结晶峰温度 /℃	熔融温度 /℃	结晶度 /%
0% OMMT	19.41	95.91	168.83	20.42
1% OMMT	20.06	96.33	167.92	21.43
3% OMMT	28.82	98.25	167.83	30.79
5% OMMT	27.86	99.15	167.69	29.75
7% OMMT	22.79	99.62	166.86	24.34

图4 不同OMMT质量分数的ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的储能模量和损耗模量随频率的变化曲线

图5 不同OMMT质量分数的ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的Han曲线

图6 不同OMMT质量分数的ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的氧气透过系数和水蒸气透过系数的变化曲线

图 7 不同OMMT质量分数的ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的热重曲线

表 3 不同OMMT质量分数的ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的热性能数据

样品	T _5% /℃	T _50% /℃	T _f /℃
0% OMMT	226.8	264.8	333.7
1% OMMT	236.7	280.3	349.2
3% OMMT	253.5	291.1	356.9
5% OMMT	257.1	294.2	358.4
7% OMMT	262.4	295.7	359.3

图8 不同OMMT质量分数的ePLA/LMPA6/OMMT纳米复合材料的力学性能

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