液固循环流化床的开发与应用——过程集成与强化

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1249

化工进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (01): 122-137.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1249

液固循环流化床的开发与应用——过程集成与强化

陈少奇¹(),邵媛媛¹,马可颖¹(),郑莹²,祝京旭^1,²()

1. 天津大学化工学院，天津化学化工协同创新中心，天津 300072
2. 加拿大西安大略大学颗粒技术研究中心，加拿大安大略省伦敦 N6A 5B9

收稿日期:2018-06-16 修回日期:2018-09-19 出版日期:2019-01-05 发布日期:2019-01-05
通讯作者: 马可颖,祝京旭
作者简介:陈少奇（1996—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为多相流态化及其过程强化。E-mail：<email>chen_shaoqi@tju.edu.cn</email>。|马可颖，博士，研究方向为多相流态化及其过程强化。E-mail：<email>keyingma@tju.edu.cn</email>|祝京旭，博士，教授，研究方向为颗粒学及流态化技术与装备。E-mail:<email>jessezhu@tju.edu.cn</email>
基金资助:
国家科技重大专项(2015ZX07202-013);国家科技重大专项（2015ZX07202-013）。

Development and applications of liquid-solid circulating fluidized beds—Process integration and intensification

Shaoqi CHEN¹(),Yuanyuan SHAO¹,Keying MA¹(),Ying ZHENG²,Jingxu ZHU^1,²()

1. Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology，Tianjin University，Tianjin 300072，China
2. Particle Technology Research Center, Department of Chemical &Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, N6A 5B9, Canada

Received:2018-06-16 Revised:2018-09-19 Online:2019-01-05 Published:2019-01-05
Contact: Keying MA,Jingxu ZHU

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

液固循环流化床（LSCFB）是近三十年来发展起来的一种新型流化床反应器，具有传质传热效率高、操作强度大、占地面积小、可同时进行两种反应等优点，在传统化工过程集成和强化中具有广阔的应用前景。本文主要结合液固循环流化床的特点，介绍了液固循环流化床的发展历程、装置结构及基本特性，并结合几个应用实例重点阐述液固循环流化床如何在蛋白质的提取、乳酸发酵与分离、含酚废水中去除苯酚、污水生物处理等方面实现过程集成与强化。最后对液固循环流化床未来的发展进行了展望，提出了在未来的工业生产过程中，可根据工艺的需要并结合反应器的特点，将反应器进行有效地组合改进，从而实现多个反应过程的集成与强化，为今后生产模式的改变提供了新的思路。

关键词: 液固循环流化床, 反应器, 过程集成与强化, 蛋白质提取, 乳酸发酵, 污水处理

Abstract:

Liquid-solid circulating fluidized beds (LSCFBs) have been developing for the past 30 years as a new type of fluidized bed reactor. It possesses many advantages, such as high mass and heat transfer efficiency, large operating intensity, small footprint, combining two independent reactions, etc., and has a broad application prospect in the integration and intensification of traditional chemical processes. In this paper, the development history, equipment structure and basic characteristics of LSCFBs were introduced. It mainly focuses on how to achieve the process integration and intensification of LSCFBs in the following applications: protein extraction, lactic acid fermentation and separation process, phenol removal from phenol-containing wastewater and biological treatment of wastewater. Finally, the future development of LSCFBs was prospected. It was proposed that in the future industrial production process, the reactor can be effectively integrated and improved according to the needs of the process and the properties of the reactor. Based on the integration and intensification of the reaction process, new ideas can be provided for future revolution in production patterns.

Key words: liquid-solid circulating fluidized beds, reactors, process integration and intensification, protein extraction, lactic acid fermentation, wastewater treatment

中图分类号:

TQ051.1

陈少奇, 邵媛媛, 马可颖, 郑莹, 祝京旭. 液固循环流化床的开发与应用——过程集成与强化[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(01): 122-137.

Shaoqi CHEN, Yuanyuan SHAO, Keying MA, Ying ZHENG, Jingxu ZHU. Development and applications of liquid-solid circulating fluidized beds—Process integration and intensification[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(01): 122-137.

图/表 18

图1 液固循环流化床示意图[17]

图2 液固流态化的操作区域流型图[18]

图3 玻璃珠体系在不同操作条件下的轴向固含率的分布[22]

图4 塑料珠体系在不同操作条件下的轴向固含率的分布[22]

图5 固含率在4个轴向位置上的径向分布及其操作条件对径向分布的影响[22]

图6 玻璃珠液固循环流化床体系不同操作条件下液体速度的径向分布[23]

图7 液固循环流化床离子交换系统装置图[30]

表1 在液固循环流化床离子交换系统中提取乳清蛋白质的操作条件及参数[32]

操作条件	数值
洗脱液的流量/L·h^-1	30
乳清进料流量/L·h^-1	5.7
上行床顶部冲洗水流流量/L·h^-1	1.8
下行床底部冲洗水流流量/L·h^-1	2.1
颗粒循环量/kg·m^-2·s^-1	1.42
进料乳清浓度/g·L^-1	70

表2 在液固循环流化床离子交换系统中提取牛血清蛋白的特定操作条件及参数[33]

操作条件	数值
洗脱液流量/L·min^-1	0.3
进料流量/L·min^-1	0.64
上行床表观液速/mm·s^-1	11.3
下行床表观液速/mm·s^-1	0.6
颗粒循环量/kg·m^-2·s^-1	1.42
进料中牛血清蛋白浓度/g·L^-1	2
上行床固含率	0.035
下行床固含率	0.34

图8 液固循环流化床去除苯酚装置示意图[41]

图9 双颗粒液固循环流化床装置示意图[46]

图10 CFBBR-Ⅰ流程装置图[59]

图11 CFBBR-Ⅱ装置示意图[60]

表3 CFBBR-Ⅰ系统进出水水质[59]

参数	进水/mg·L^－1	出水/mg·L^－1
COD	273	26
SCOD	73	21
NH₄ ⁺-N	19	0.7
NO₃ ^–-N	0.5	6.5
TN	31.2	8.6
TP	3.8	0.8
TSS	144	4
VSS	118	3

表4 CFBBR-Ⅱ系统的进出水水质[60]

参数	进水/mg·L^－1	出水/mg·L^－1
COD	262	20
SCOD	234	9.5
NH₄ ⁺-N	26.1	0.5
NO₃ ^–-N	0.7	3.9
TN	29.5	5.4
TP	4.4	3.8
TSS	27	16.3
VSS	19	12

图12 CFBBR中试装置示意图[62]

表5 几种生物反应器的BNR效果总结[51]

参数	CFBBR-Ⅰ^[59]	CFBBR-Ⅱ^[60]	中试 CFBBR^[61]
HRT/h	2.04	2.88	2.03
EBCT/h	0.82	0.98	1.5
SRT/d	44～56	72～108	20～39
OLR/kg·m^-3·d^-1	3.36	2.23	4.12
COD/%	91	97	90
N/%	78	84	80
P/%	85	12	70
生物产量/mgVSS·（mgCOD）^-1	0.12～0.135	0.071	0.12～0.16

图13 液固循环流化床污水处理工艺流程图

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液固循环流化床的开发与应用——过程集成与强化

Development and applications of liquid-solid circulating fluidized beds—Process integration and intensification

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