“一带一路”新形势下新疆石油和化学工业发展的若干思考

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1197

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新疆拥有丰富的石油、煤炭和天然气储量，21世纪以来开发水平不断提升，带动了新疆的石油和化学工业快速发展，已成为新疆的重要支柱产业。随着新欧亚大陆桥建设和欧亚铁路开通运输服务、中哈原油管道稳定运行、中亚天然气管道建设发展，新疆在我国与中亚地区国家的交通、能源、贸易等领域合作中的作用不断突显。本文深入分析了新疆石油和化学工业发展的现状、中亚国家与我国能源合作的现状和前景，对新疆发展石油化工和新型煤化工产业进行了态势分析，明确提出在“一带一路”新形势下，新疆发展石油和化学工业仍有较大优势，应继续拓宽资源来源，把重点放在向化工和材料转型，沿G30高速公路布局发展现代石油化工，利用新疆准东煤资源优势发展现代煤化工，走出去利用中亚国家低价天然气资源发展甲醇化工，从而推动新疆石油化学工业继续发展。

关键词: 石油, 天然气, 煤炭, 石油工业, 化学工业, 一带一路, 新疆

Abstract:

Xinjiang, the autonomous region in the northwest China, has contained abundant resources of oil, coal and natural gas. Since the 21st century the advancement of exploitation technique has brought the rapid progress petroleum and chemical industries in Xinjiang. With the construction of the New Eurasian Continental Bridge, the transport services of the Eurasian Railways, the operation of China-Kazakhstan crude oil pipelines and the development of the Central Asia natural gas pipelines, Xinjiang has constantly displayed a significant role in the cooperation between China and Central Asian countries. This paper analyzes the current situation of the development of petroleum and chemical industries in Xinjiang and the current and prospective view of energy cooperation between China and Central Asian countries. Based on the SWOT analysis on the future development of petrochemicals and new coal chemical industries, it is proposed that in the new environment of the Belt and Road Initiative, the development of petroleum and chemical industries in Xinjiang still has great advantages. It is concluded that by broadening the sources of resources, focusing on the transition to chemicals and materials, planning modern petrochemicals along the G30 expressway, exploiting coal resources in east Junggar Basin in order to develop modern coal chemical industry, and cooperating with Central Asian countries to produce methanol chemicals, Xinjiang will remain the sustainable development in its petroleum and chemical industries.

Key words: oil, natural gas, coal, petroleum industry, chemical industry, the Belt and Road Initiative, Xinjiang

中图分类号:

TE09

黄晟, 何雨初, 李振宇. “一带一路”新形势下新疆石油和化学工业发展的若干思考[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(01): 171-182.

Sheng HUANG, Yuchu HE, Zhenyu LI. Development of petroleum and chemical industry in Xinjiang under the situation of the Belt and Road Initiative[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(01): 171-182.

图/表 6

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年份	原油生产量/万吨	汽油生产量/万吨	煤油生产量/万吨	柴油生产量/万吨	燃料油生产量/万吨	天然气生产量/亿立方米
2010	2558.20	268.15	45.63	976.10	19.33	249.90
2011	2615.60	233.53	46.13	1097.37	10.05	235.33
2012	2670.68	239.24	58.95	1059.10	10.25	251.55
2013	2792.47	277.35	62.66	1063.15	47.14	283.98
2014	2875.28	320.88	65.27	1213.38	46.77	296.70
2015	2795.10	323.63	72.25	1049.58	45.44	293.02

年份	原油生产量/万吨	汽油生产量/万吨	煤油生产量/万吨	柴油生产量/万吨	燃料油生产量/万吨	天然气生产量/亿立方米
2010	2558.20	268.15	45.63	976.10	19.33	249.90
2011	2615.60	233.53	46.13	1097.37	10.05	235.33
2012	2670.68	239.24	58.95	1059.10	10.25	251.55
2013	2792.47	277.35	62.66	1063.15	47.14	283.98
2014	2875.28	320.88	65.27	1213.38	46.77	296.70
2015	2795.10	323.63	72.25	1049.58	45.44	293.02

项目	1t甲醇单耗/t	价格/USD·t^–1	1t甲醇成本/USD
原料
天然气^①	912	0.045	41.1
化学品			1.8
公用工程			3.6
冷却水	12.9	0.0534	0.7
工艺用水	0.456	1.04	0.5
天然气^①	9.4	0.045	0.4
蒸汽	0.207	6.61	1.4
电^②	21.14	0.0301	0.6
维修费用			4
营业费用			0.1
操作工工资			0.8
维修工工资			4
控制实验室			0.2
总直接费用			55.6
管理费用			5
税金及保险费用			9.1
折旧			45.4
其他费用			9.6
甲醇成本
100％负荷			124.7
75％负荷			150.8
50％负荷			202.9

项目	1t甲醇单耗/t	价格/USD·t^–1	1t甲醇成本/USD
原料
天然气^①	912	0.045	41.1
化学品			1.8
公用工程			3.6
冷却水	12.9	0.0534	0.7
工艺用水	0.456	1.04	0.5
天然气^①	9.4	0.045	0.4
蒸汽	0.207	6.61	1.4
电^②	21.14	0.0301	0.6
维修费用			4
营业费用			0.1
操作工工资			0.8
维修工工资			4
控制实验室			0.2
总直接费用			55.6
管理费用			5
税金及保险费用			9.1
折旧			45.4
其他费用			9.6
甲醇成本
100％负荷			124.7
75％负荷			150.8
50％负荷			202.9

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