混合制冷剂R134a/R1234yf(R513A)与R134a热力学性能对比及实验

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1185

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

R513A是由R134a/R1234yf（质量分数比为56∶44）组成的新型环保制冷剂，其全球变暖潜能（GWP）值低，不可燃。选择混合制冷剂R513A作为研究对象，在原R134a家用电冰箱中进行制冷剂的替代实验研究。实验依据标准BS EN ISO 15502—2005中规定的工况进行，主要从降温时间、耗电量和冷冻能力三方面对R513A在电冰箱中的性能进行评估并与R134a进行对比。实验结果表明：最佳充注量下，R513A降温时间相比R134a降低21%；24h耗电量实验中相比R134a，R513A系统耗电量降低了3.5%，系统稳定运行时R513A的启停率小于R134a；冷冻能力实验中，同一工况下M包达到相同设定温度，R513A比R134a用时少约42.3min。此外在系统稳定运行时，R513A的系统排气温度低于R134a，其他参数和R134a很接近。通过对比实验可知，在未对原冰箱系统进行任何改动的情况下，R513A可以作为R134a的替代制冷剂直接充注到系统中使用。

关键词: R134a, R513A, 热力学性质, 替代性能

Abstract:

R513A (R134a/R1234yf, 56/44% weight) is a new kind of environment friendly alternative blend refrigerant based on R1234yf and R134a with low GWP, which is non-flammable. The new refrigerant R513A was selected as a substitute for R134a in a domestic refrigerator, and the experiment was carried out according to standard BS EN ISO 15502-2005. The performance of R513A and R134a in refrigerators was studied through three kinds of aspects, namely, pull down time, energy consumption, and freezing capacity. The experimental results showed that the cooling time of R513A under the optimal charge was 21% lower than that of R134a. In the 24h test, the 24h energy consumption of R513A is 3.5% lower than that of R134a, and the percentage running time ratio of R513A is lower than that of R134a. During the freezing test, the time taken for the M-packages to reach the same temperature, under the same condition, R513A saved 43.2min compared to that of R134a. In addition, the exhaust temperature of R513A was lower than that of R134a, and the other parameters were close to R134a. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that R513A can directly replace R134a without any changes to the original refrigerator system.

Key words: R134a, R513A, thermodynamic properties, alternative performance

中图分类号:

杨梦,张华,秦延斌,孟照峰. 混合制冷剂R134a/R1234yf(R513A)与R134a热力学性能对比及实验[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(03): 1182-1189.

Meng YANG,Hua ZHANG,Yanbin QIN,Zhaofeng MENG. Thermodynamic performance comparison and experimental study of mixed refrigerant R134a/R1234yf (R513A) and R134a[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(03): 1182-1189.

图/表 17

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装置	类型	精度	量程
热电偶	T形	±0.1℃	–50～100℃
压力传感器	TM NS-I1	±0.05% FS	0～2MPa
功率计	YOKOGAWA WT230	±0.1%	3000W

装置	类型	精度	量程
热电偶	T形	±0.1℃	–50～100℃
压力传感器	TM NS-I1	±0.05% FS	0～2MPa
功率计	YOKOGAWA WT230	±0.1%	3000W

项目	R134a	R1234yf	R513A
组分	纯	纯	R134a/R1234yf 44/56^①
安全等级	A1	A1	A1
摩尔质量/g·mol^-1	102.03	114.04	108.43
GWP	1430	A1	570^[13]
标准沸点/℃	–26.07	<1.00	–28.30
临界温度/℃	101.06	–29.45	97.70
临界压力/MPa	4.06	94.70	3.70
临界密度/kg·m^-3	511.90	3.38	490.90
温度滑移^②/℃	0	475.600	0.015
潜热^③/kJ·kg^-1	198.60	0	171.27
液体密度^③/kg·m^-3	1294.8	163.3	1226.5
气体密度^③/kg·m^-3	14.4	1176.3	16.1
液相热导率^③/mW·m^-3·℃^-1	92.0	17.6	79.9
气相热导率^③/mW·m^-3·℃^-1	11.5	71.5	11.7
液相黏度^③/μPa·s	266.5	11.6	232.2
气相黏度^③/μPa·s	10.7	208.3	10.5

项目	R134a	R1234yf	R513A
组分	纯	纯	R134a/R1234yf 44/56^①
安全等级	A1	A1	A1
摩尔质量/g·mol^-1	102.03	114.04	108.43
GWP	1430	A1	570^[13]
标准沸点/℃	–26.07	<1.00	–28.30
临界温度/℃	101.06	–29.45	97.70
临界压力/MPa	4.06	94.70	3.70
临界密度/kg·m^-3	511.90	3.38	490.90
温度滑移^②/℃	0	475.600	0.015
潜热^③/kJ·kg^-1	198.60	0	171.27
液体密度^③/kg·m^-3	1294.8	163.3	1226.5
气体密度^③/kg·m^-3	14.4	1176.3	16.1
液相热导率^③/mW·m^-3·℃^-1	92.0	17.6	79.9
气相热导率^③/mW·m^-3·℃^-1	11.5	71.5	11.7
液相黏度^③/μPa·s	266.5	11.6	232.2
气相黏度^③/μPa·s	10.7	208.3	10.5

制冷剂	充注量/g	E _d/W·h	t _run/min	t _off/min	R
R134a	85	1351.5	20.3	10.7	0.65
R513A	80	1265.3	16	13	0.55