城市污泥焚烧渣中重金属的浸出特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017.06.048

化工进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (06): 2304-2310.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017.06.048

城市污泥焚烧渣中重金属的浸出特性

方平, 唐子君, 钟佩怡, 黄建航, 曾文豪, 岑超平

环境保护部华南环境科学研究所, 广东广州 510655

收稿日期:2016-10-18 修回日期:2016-12-14 出版日期:2017-06-05 发布日期:2017-06-05
通讯作者: 岑超平
作者简介:方平(1982—),男,博士,副研究员,主要研究方向为大气污染控制和固体废物处置。E-mail:fangping@scies.org。
基金资助:
广州市珠江科技新星项目（201610010150）、广东省自然科学基金（2015A030310344）及广东省科技计划项目（2015A020220008，2014A020216015）。

A study on leaching characteristics of heavy metals in sludge incineration slag

FANG Ping, TANG Zijun, ZHONG Peiyi, HUANG Jianhang, ZENG Wenhao, CEN Chaoping

South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, Guangdong, China

Received:2016-10-18 Revised:2016-12-14 Online:2017-06-05 Published:2017-06-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 城市污泥焚烧渣中重金属种类较多、浓度较高，随意处置存在环境生态风险。本文在对污泥及其焚烧渣中重金属形态进行分析的基础上，模拟实际酸雨条件，开展污泥焚烧渣中重金属的浸出特性研究。实验结果表明，与污泥相比焚烧渣中各重金属的残渣态比例显著增大，有效态、有机结合态比例大幅减小，但各重金属的铁锰氧化态比例仍然较高（18%～65%），可迁移性和潜在生态风险较大。静态浸出实验发现灰渣中大部分重金属的浸出率随着浸出时间的延长、液固比的增加、pH和粒径的减小而增大，其中pH的影响最为显著。动态淋溶实验表明降低淋溶液pH、延长淋溶时间各重金属的浸出总量增加，动态淋溶过程中各重金属浸出率要明显高于静态浸出率；各重金属的浸出主要集中在前三年，浸出量占其总浸出量的50%～100%，其中As、Zn、Cr、Cd、Pb的浸出比例较高，其整体浸出能力与重金属形态分析结果较为一致，需重点关注。在上述实验基础上，结合资料分析，提出适合我国国情的污泥焚烧渣处置建议。

关键词: 污泥焚烧渣, 重金属, 形态分析, 浸出特性

Abstract: There are many kinds of heavy metals with higher concentration in sludge incineration slag. Disposal of slag will cause environmental and ecological risks. Based on the speciation analysis of heavy metals in sludge and its incinerated slag,the leaching characteristics of heavy metals in slag were studied at simulated actual acid rain conditions. The results showed that,compared with the sludge,the proportion of the residual fraction of heavy metals in the slag was significantly increased. The proportions of effective fraction and organic fraction of heavy metals were significantly reduced. But the proportion of iron-manganese oxide fraction of heavy metals was still high(18%—65%). So the transferability and potential ecological risk of heavy metals in the slag was high. As a result of static leaching experiments,the leaching rates of most heavy metals in the slag increased with the increase of leaching time and liquid-solid ratio,and increased with the decreasing solution pH and particle size. Among the factors, the solution pH had a significant effect on the leaching of heavy metals. As a result of dynamic leaching experiments,the total leaching of heavy metals increased with the decrease of solution pH,and leaching time. The leaching rates of heavy metals were significantly higher than those of static leaching rates. The leaching of heavy metals mainly concentrated in the first three years,50%—100% of total leaching. The leaching rates of As,Zn,Cr,Cd and Pb were higher. Results were consistent with the heavy metal speciation analysis. Finally,the suggestion for the treatment of sludge incineration slag was proposed based on literature and experimental phenomena.

Key words: sludge incineration slag, heavy metal, speciation analysis, leaching characteristics

中图分类号:

X511

方平, 唐子君, 钟佩怡, 黄建航, 曾文豪, 岑超平. 城市污泥焚烧渣中重金属的浸出特性[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(06): 2304-2310.

FANG Ping, TANG Zijun, ZHONG Peiyi, HUANG Jianhang, ZENG Wenhao, CEN Chaoping. A study on leaching characteristics of heavy metals in sludge incineration slag[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(06): 2304-2310.

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城市污泥焚烧渣中重金属的浸出特性

A study on leaching characteristics of heavy metals in sludge incineration slag

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