马来酸酐接枝纤维素超细纤维制备高容量可再生吸附剂

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-2229

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在静电纺丝制备出纤维素超细纤维（CSF）的基础上，利用马来酸酐（MAH）改性制备了新型羧基化吸附剂，接枝温度为100℃，时间为3h，MAH与CSF质量比为5：1，过氧化二苯甲酰（BPO）用量为7.5%时接枝效果最佳，取代基含量可达2.304mmol/g。通过SEM观察了纤维素超细纤维改性前后的形态分布和微观结构，通过酸碱滴定定量地测定了改性纤维素超细纤维（MAH-CSF）中的取代基含量，FTIR图谱分析定性地表明马来酸酐成功地接枝在了纤维素超细纤维上。从XRD和DSC谱图中得知MAH-CSF的晶型未发生变化但结晶度有所下降，马来酸酐改性提高了纤维素超细纤维的热稳定性。研究了CSF和MAH-CSF对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能，经马来酸酐改性后纤维素超细纤维对亚甲基蓝的吸附量从210mg/g提高到了306mg/g，这表明羧基化可极大地提高其对亚甲基蓝的吸附量。在低pH下，H⁺与亚甲基蓝间的竞染作用使得吸附剂的吸附量较小；随着吸附剂的去质子化，吸附量明显迅速增大；在pH大于5.5时吸附量增加趋势减缓。MAH-CSF与MB之间的离子交换作用使其具有更优良的吸附效果，吸附过程更适合用准二级动力学模型来描述。在超声波作用下吸附剂再生5次的吸附率达89%以上，这表明吸附剂具有很好的再生性。

关键词: 静电纺丝, 纤维素超细纤维, 马来酸酐, 亚甲基蓝

Abstract: A novel carboxylic adsorbent was prepared by grafting maleic anhydride (MAH) onto cellulose superfine fibers (CSF) which was prepared by electrospinning. The highest substituent content of 2.304mmol/g was achieved when the grafting temperature was 100℃, the time was 3h, the mass ratio of MAH to CSF was 5:1, and the dosage of dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO) was 7.5%. The morphological distribution and microstructure of the cellulose superfine fibers and the modified cellulose superfine fibers were observed by SEM. The content of substituent in the modified cellulose superfine fibers (MAH-CSF) was quantitatively measured by acid-base titration. The FTIR analysis was used to confirm that maleic anhydride had been grafted onto cellulose superfine fibers successfully. From the XRD and DSC spectra, it was found that the crystalline form of MAH-CSF did not change,but its crystallinity decreased. Meanwhile, maleic anhydride modification could improve the thermal stability of the cellulose superfine fibers. The adsorption performance of CSF and MAH-CSF for methylene blue were discussed. The adsorption capacity of the cellulose superfine fibers increased from 210mg/g to 306mg/g after modified by maleic anhydride, which indicated that carboxyl could greatly increase the adsorption capacity of cellulose superfine fibers. At low pH, the competitive-dyeing interaction of H⁺ and methylene blue decreased their adsorption capacities. The adsorption capacitys increased rapidly by deprotonating the adsorbents. The increasing trend of the adsorption capacity diminished when pH was greater than 5.5. The electrostatic force between MAH-CSF and methylene blue enhanced the adsorption property, and the adsorption process was more suitable to be described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model. Under ultrasonic wave, the adsorption rate of the adsorbents after regenerated five times was> 89%, indicating a good regeneration ability of the adsorbent.

Key words: electrospinning, cellulose superfine fiber, maleic anhydride, methylene blue

中图分类号:

TQ352.71

李智雄, 李如燕, 董祥, 姜跃平, 张松. 马来酸酐接枝纤维素超细纤维制备高容量可再生吸附剂[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(09): 3484-3491.

LI Zhixiong, LI Ruyan, DONG Xiang, JIANG Yueping, ZHANG Song. Preparation of high capacity and renewable adsorbent from cellulose superfine fiber grafted with maleic anhydride[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(09): 3484-3491.

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