反硝化过程中氧化亚氮释放机理研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016-2422

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 氧化亚氮（N₂O）是一种强效的温室气体并会严重破坏臭氧层，其在污水厂的释放问题被众多研究者所关注。为了更好地理解反硝化过程中N₂O的释放机制，本文介绍了反硝化过程中N₂O的产生途径和影响因素，涉及碳源、碳氮比、电子受体、溶解氧（DO）、pH、污泥龄（SRT）、N₂O还原酶抑制物等方面。首先重点分析了反硝化过程中一些情况下N₂O的积累原因，认为是四步反硝化酶对电子的竞争，电子竞争协同环境因素共同影响N₂O的积累；随后分别从电子受体和电子供体角度介绍了呼吸链电子传递抑制剂以及氧化还原介质在反硝化过程中的应用情况，探讨了这两个方面应用于电子竞争研究的可能性；最后指出将反硝化过程中碳源氧化和氮氧化物还原的动力学剥离作为后期研究电子竞争的方向。本文有助于揭示电子竞争机制下反硝化过程中间产物尤其是N₂O形成的作用机理，归纳出导致N₂O在反硝化过程中积累的关键因素，可以成为污水厂中N₂O减排的控制策略。

关键词: 反硝化, 氧化亚氮(N₂O), 电子竞争, 电子传递抑制剂, 氧化还原介体

Abstract: Nitrous oxide(N₂O)is a potent greenhouse gas and can result in the destruction of the ozone layer. N₂O emission from biological nitrogen removal in domestic wastewater treatment plant has aroused widely attention in recent years. To better understand the mechanism of N₂O production in denitrification,this review concisely summarized the pathways of N₂O production and the influencing factors affecting N₂O production,such as carbon source,C/N ratio,electron acceptor,dissolved oxygen(DO),pH,solid retention time(SRT)and nitrous oxide reductase inhibitors. Previous investigation indicated that,in some cases,electron competition among the four reduction steps in denitrification could be the ultimate cause of N₂O accumulation,and electron competition might cooperate with some other environmental factors,such as pH,to conduce the N₂O accumulation. This review then gave an introduction on the techniques of using electron transfer inhibitors to manipulate the electron acceptor(s) involved in denitrification and using redox mediators to provide fast using electron donors in denitrification,and discussed the possibility of applying both techniques to study the electron competition process. Finally,this review proposed that studying the carbon oxidation process and the nitrogen reduction process separately could be a strategy to investigate the electron competition process. This review is conducive to reveal the key factors leading to N₂O and other denitrification intermediates accumulation,and to provide operation strategies to reduce the N₂O emission during denitrification in wastewater treatment plant.

Key words: denitrification, nitrous oxide, electron competition, electron transfer inhibitors, redox mediators

中图分类号:

X703.1

周晨, 潘玉婷, 刘敏, 陈滢. 反硝化过程中氧化亚氮释放机理研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(08): 3074-3084.

ZHOU Chen, PAN Yuting, LIU Min, CHEN Ying. Advance of mechanism on N₂O emissions from biological denitrification[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(08): 3074-3084.

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